The Harbin Metro is the rapid transit system of Harbin, the provincial capital of Heilongjiang Province in northeastern China.́ The system began operation on 26 September 2013 with the opening of Line 1. The system has a total of three lines as of November 2021.
| Harbin Metro | |||
|---|---|---|---|
 | |||
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| Overview | |||
| Owner | Harbin Municipal People's Government | ||
| Locale | Harbin | ||
| Transit type | Rapid transit | ||
| Number of lines | 3 | ||
| Number of stations | 70 | ||
| Website | www.harbin-metro.com | ||
| Operation | |||
| Began operation | 26 September 2013 | ||
| Technical | |||
| System length | 83.8 km (52.1 mi) | ||
| Track gauge | 1,435 mm (4 ft 8+1⁄2 in) standard gauge | ||
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| Harbin Metro | |||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Simplified Chinese | 哈尔滨地铁 | ||||||
| Traditional Chinese | 哈爾濱地鐵 | ||||||
| |||||||
Hours and fares
editIn the winter time, the metro begins operation at 6:00 am and the last train departs at 9:00 pm.[1] Fares range from ¥2 to ¥4 depending on trip distance.[1] Single-ride and rechargeable fare cards may be purchased at ticket windows or automatic fare card machines in each station.[1]
Lines in operation
edit
| Line | Terminals (District) |
Commencement | Newest Extension |
Length km |
Stations | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1 | Harbin East Railway Station (Daowai) |
Xinjiang Street (Pingfang) |
2013 | 2019 | 26.05 | 23 |
| 2 | Jiangbei University Town (Hulan) |
Meteorological Observatory (Xiangfang) |
2021[2] | — | 28.7[3] | 19 |
| 3 | Sports Park (Daoli) |
Chinese-baroque Block (Daowai) |
2017 | 2023[4][5] | 29[6][7] | 28 |
| Total | 83.8 | 70 | ||||
Line 1
edit
Line 1 is oriented along the east–west axis of the urban area of Harbin, from northeast to southwest.
Line 2
editLine 2 opened on September 19, 2021. It is 28.7 km in length with 19 stations.[3]
Line 3
editLine 3 is a circular line around the urban area of Harbin. The first phase consisted of 5 stations and opened in 2017.
The section from The Second Affiliated Hospital of Harbin Medical University to Taipingqiao, and the section from Harbin West Railway Station to Sports Park opened on 26 November 2021.[8][7]
History
editThe Harbin Metro was approved by the State Council in 2005. The initial investment was estimated to cost US$643 million.́ The project was headed by the Harbin Municipal People's Government Metro Construction, which established a Track Traffic Construction Office led by the city's construction commission.́ In 2006, an official "Initiation Ceremony of Harbin Metro Trial Project" was held, signifying the actual implementation of Harbin Line 1 project.[9][10] The builders made use of a 10.1 km air defense tunnel built in the 1970s as part of the "7381" civil air-defense, which forms part of Line 1.[11]
Construction on Line 1 began a second time on 29 September 2009[11] and was later halted and began a third time in March 2010.[12] In March 2011 the contract for traincars for first line was signed with Changchun Railway Vehicles co. ltd. The target date for opening of the first line, 17.47 km in length, with 18 stations was set to the end of 2012.[13] Line 1 opened on 26 September 2013.[14]
Future lines
editLoop Line 3 with 12 more stations under construction will fully open in 2024.[15]
On April 18, 2016, the official website of Harbin Metro Group released the "Announcement of Environmental Impact Assessment for the Second Phase of Harbin Urban Rail Transit Construction Plan (2017-2022)". The planned line length is about 85 km, including 65 stations.[16] According to updated news in 2023, only Lines 4 and 5 are planned in second phase of Harbin Metro. The length will be shortened to 70.6 km with 54 stations. [15]
| Years | Lines | Section | Status | Length | Stations | Terminus |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 2024[15] | 3 | Phase 2 Northwest | Under Construction | TBA | 8 | Remaining section |
| TBA[15] | 4 | Phase 1 | Under Planning | 34.5 km | 29 | Qiansha - Minzu College[15] |
| 5 | Phase 1 | Under Planning | 36.1 km | 25 | Dongsanhuan - Nanjing Road[15] |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c (Chinese) 哈尔滨地铁26日开通 10时30分开始售票三种方式购票 Archived 4 March 2016 at the Wayback Machine 2013-09-26
- ^ Burroughs, David (21 September 2021). "Harbin Metro Line 2 opens". International Railway Journal. Simmons-Boardman Publishing Inc. Retrieved 21 September 2021.
- ^ a b "地铁2号线一期按里程分段计价". 18 September 2021. Archived from the original on 18 September 2021. Retrieved 18 September 2021.
- ^ "11月26日 地铁3号线东南半环开通载客运营-东北网黑龙江-东北网". archive.md. 25 November 2021. Archived from the original on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
- ^ "地铁3号线东南半环开始机电设备安装". epaper.hljnews.cn. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
- ^ "哈尔滨地铁3号线一期工程通车试运营 迎来"换乘"时代". 26 January 2017. Archived from the original on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
目前地铁3号线一期工程线路全长5.45公里
- ^ a b "11月下旬载客试运营 线路全长19.19公里，沿途共设19座车站". 23 October 2021. Archived from the original on 17 November 2021. Retrieved 17 November 2021.
- ^ 东北网. "11月26日地铁3号线东南半环开通载客运营". Archived from the original on 25 November 2021. Retrieved 25 November 2021.
- ^ "The First Phase of Harbin Metro Construction Starts". Harbin 2009. 5 December 2006. Archived from the original on 19 July 2011.
- ^ A video showing the construction of the metro can be found here
- ^ a b (Chinese) 哈尔滨地铁1号线载客试运营正式开通 2013-09-26
- ^ "Harbin speeds up to enter metro times". Northeast News. Heilongjiang, China: DBW.CN. 3 March 2010.
- ^ "中国北车造国内首款高寒地铁" [North made the first alpine subway car]. 昆明轨道交通有限公司 [Kunming Rail Transport]. 14 April 2011. Archived from the original on 25 September 2017. Retrieved 25 July 2012.
- ^ "Harbin metro opens". Harbin Metro. Harbin, China. 27 September 2013. Retrieved 6 December 2021.
- ^ a b c d e f "道外区段靖宇公园站、清真寺站、五道街站已全线贯通 地铁3号线二期3座车站年内通车".
力争2024年建成通车，实现3号线全线贯通运营
- ^ "哈尔滨市城市轨道交通二期建设规划（2017-2022年）环境影响评价公示|哈尔滨地铁". 9 May 2016. Archived from the original on 9 May 2016. Retrieved 2 December 2021.