Harold Gordon Skilling (February 28, 1912 – March 2, 2001) was a Canadian political scientist, known for his expertise on the history of Czechoslovakia and support for the Charter 77 dissident movement.[1]
Born in Toronto in 1912, Skilling received degrees from the University of Toronto, University of London, and University of Oxford.[1] He was part of the faculty at the University of Toronto until his retirement in 1982.[1]
In Czechoslovakia
editSkilling's first visit to Czechoslovakia was in 1937,[1] to research his doctoral thesis in Czech history from the University of London, on the topic of relations between Czechs and Germans in 19th century Bohemia.[2] On 4 September 1937 he attended Thomas Garrigue Masaryk's last public appearance as president, at the anniversary commemoration of the Battle of Zborov in Strahov Stadium in Prague.[3] Working as a broadcaster for shortwave radio service Radiojournal,[2] a forerunner of Radio Prague, Skilling was in Prague in September 1938 when the Munich Agreement was signed, and was still in the country the following March when the Nazi occupation of Czechoslovakia began.[2] During this period he also worked on news broadcasts for NBC and CBS.[2] Skilling left Prague in April 1939, to finish his doctoral research in Nazi-ruled Vienna.[2]
Post-war
editAfter World War II Skilling visited the country many more times.[1][2] During the communist era, Skilling was an active supporter of dissidents such as Vaclav Havel, who he visited at his cottage in Hrádeček,[2] and the wider Charter 77 movement, smuggling newspapers, journals, and books into the country to encourage dissident activists,[1][2] including his own book, Charter 77 and Human Rights in Czechoslovakia, which was strongly supportive of the movement.[1] As an academic historian, Skilling produced a number of works about Czechoslovak history and culture,[2] and collected many Czechoslovak samizdat publications, now housed in the University of Toronto library.[2]
Skilling was awarded the Innis-Gérin Medal in 1981,[4] a prize awarded by the Royal Society of Canada for distinguished contribution to the literature of the social sciences. In 1992, Skilling received the Order of the White Lion, Czechoslovakia's highest honour, from President Vaclav Havel.[2]
Personal life
editGordon Skilling's wife Sara died in 1990. They had two sons.[1]
Legacy
editAccording to Radio Prague, "few would question [Skilling's] status as the most important North American historian of Czechoslovak 20th century history.[2] In 2012, the centenary of Skilling's birth was marked by an international conference and exhibition about his life and work at the Museum Kampa in Prague.[2]
Selected works
edit- 1976 Czechoslovakia's Interrupted Revolution - on the subject of the Prague Spring[1][2]
- 1981 Charter 77 and Human Rights in Czechoslovakia - a sympathetic overview of the Charter 77 movement[1]
- 2000 The Education of a Canadian: My Life as a Scholar and Activist - autobiography[2]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j "H. Gordon Skilling, 89, Expert on Czechoslovakia". New York Times. March 18, 2001.
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n o Vaughan, David (4 August 2012). "Gordon Skilling: A Canadian witness of Czechoslovak history". Radio Praha. Retrieved 13 June 2018.
- ^ Preclík, Vratislav. Masaryk a legie (Masaryk and legions), váz. kniha, 219 pages, vydalo nakladatelství Paris Karviná, Žižkova 2379 (734 01 Karvina, Czechia) ve spolupráci s Masarykovým demokratickým hnutím (Masaryk Democratic Movement, Prague), 2019, ISBN 978-80-87173-47-3, pages 12 - 70, 101-102, 124–125, 128, 129, 132, 140–148, 184–190.
- ^ "Innis-Gérin Medal". Past award winners. Royal Society of Canada. Archived from the original on 22 February 2015. Retrieved 21 February 2015.