Harshbarger is a surname. Notable people with the surname include:
- Dema Harshbarger (1884–1964), American concert promoter, talent agent
- Diana Harshbarger (born 1960), American politician and pharmacist from Tennessee
- Eric Harshbarger (born 1971), American puzzle designer
- Jason Harshbarger (born 1974), American politician from West Virginia
- Jo Harshbarger (born 1956), American swimmer
- Julie Harshbarger (born 1985), American football player
- Mary Beth Harshbarger (born 1965), American hunter acquitted of murder
- Sallie Foster Harshbarger (1874–1958), American clubwoman
- Scott Harshbarger (born 1941), American lawyer and politician from Massachusetts