Wikipedia

The Plane Train

(Redirected from Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport Automated People Mover)
This article is about the underground people mover at Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. For the elevated people mover that serves the airport's rental car center, see ATL SkyTrain.

The Plane Train is an automated people mover system located at Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport connecting all of its terminals and concourses. Built by Westinghouse Electric Corporation, the system is the world's most heavily traveled airport people mover.[1] The system is currently operated and maintained by Alstom, which acquired the system's previous operator, Bombardier Transportation, in 2021.[2]

The Plane Train
The Plan Train logo, showing an illustrated red train car with a jet taking off in the background
Interior of a train car.
Overview
StatusOperating
OwnerHartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport
LocaleHartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport
Termini
Stations8
Service
TypePeople mover
Operator(s)Alstom
Rolling stock11 (4 car sets) × Innovia APM 100
Daily ridership250,000
History
OpenedSeptember 21, 1980 (1980-09-21)
Technical
Line length2.8 mi (4.5 km)
Number of tracks2
CharacterFully underground; serves sterile parts of the airport
Route map

Legend
F Gates/
Int'l Baggage Claim
Maintenance facility
E Gates
D Gates
C Gates
B Gates
A Gates
T Gates
The Plane Train
Domestic terminal
Airport station Metropolitan Atlanta Rapid Transit Authority
ATL SkyTrain
I-85.svg I-85
GICC/
Gateway Center hotels
 Rental car center
Maintenance facility
This diagram:

System operation

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Tunnel near Concourse F

The Plane Train operates in the secure area of the airport connecting the two landside terminals with its seven airside concourses. It exists within the airport's Transportation Mall, which consists of three underground tunnels running through the center of the airport. The trains operate in the two outer tunnels, while the middle tunnel contains an alternative pedestrian pathway with moving walkways.

The system has eight stations: one at each of Concourses A, B, C, D, E and F (International Terminal), and two in the Domestic Terminal—one at Concourse T, which is also the station for passengers from the Domestic Terminal heading to Concourses A–F, and one at the Domestic Baggage Claim and Ground Transportation. The system operates with 11 four-car trains during peak periods.[3]

The Domestic Baggage Claim and Concourses T, E, and F stations have island platforms shared between the two tunnels. The stations for Concourses A, B, C, and D have platforms between the tunnels, though they are not directly across from each other. All platforms have platform screen doors, all of which have a set of red lights that flash alternately to warn that the doors are closing, a feature present since the mid-late 1980s.[citation needed]

During regular service, trains run bi-directionally in the tunnels in a pinched-loop configuration.[4] The east end of the line is Concourse F, which also serves the International Terminal. During peak hours, the trains will stop at the eastbound side of the Concourse F platform, unload and then proceed further to a cross-over track to return to the westbound side of the platform. During off-peak hours, trains cross-over prior to reaching the platform and arrive/depart from the westbound Concourse F platform. At the west end, trains use a cross-over track between Domestic Terminal and Concourse T stations to switch tunnels. The system has two maintenance workshops: One at Concourse E and another at Concourse F. A third track runs parallel to the two main tracks between Concourses E and F, which connects the two maintenance facilities and is used for testing trains during maintenance.[5]

Since the train operates inside the secure area of the airport, arriving passengers ending their journeys at the International terminal cannot use the train and must instead take a lengthy ground transportation detour around the perimeter of the airport to access facilities such as the car rental center or MARTA station. Departing international passengers entering the International Terminal may use the train to access Concourse E or the other concourses.[6]

 
Concourse C westbound platform in 2023

On the platforms and inside the trains, color video displays provide system information in eight languages (English, French, German, Spanish, Japanese, Chinese, Arabic and Korean) as well as information about dining and shopping options in the concourses. Platform displays announce the time of arrival for the next train and its destination.

Audible announcements deliver station information and warn passengers of the train's movements. The messages use the NATO phonetic alphabet to identify each Terminal station. For instance, the message announcing Concourse B says:

The next stop is for B Gates. B, as in Bravo.

The one exception to this is Concourse D, which uses the APCO radiotelephony spelling alphabet where "David" is used rather than "Delta" to avoid confusion with Delta Air Lines, which operates its main hub at ATL.

From 1 a.m. to 5 a.m., the Plane Train runs in a reduced service mode, with only two trains both running on a single track back and forth. In this configuration, the two trains pass each other in sidings near the Concourse B platforms. The remaining trains receive routine maintenance at this time. The only time the train system is shut down is on Wednesday mornings at 1 a.m. during the off-peak time for maintenance of the track. The system began operating overnight in this configuration in 2018, having previously shut down completely each night.[3][7] From July 2025 will end the "shuttle mode" during late night and likely there will be a full 24/7 service.[8]

The airport says it takes three shifts with 123 employees to keep the plane train running 24 hours a day. While the trains are self driving, there are always two control operators on duty.

History

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1970s: Planning

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Train at Concourse A in 2011

The airport began planning the current terminal facility in the late 1960s. A people mover system had always been in the plan to transport passengers over the facility's long distances, which included hubs for Delta Air Lines and the now-defunct Eastern Air Lines.[9][10]

An early design for the terminal included an east–west roadway system through the center of the complex. 16 terminals with perpendicular linear concourses would have existed along both sides of the roadway with an elevated people mover running in a loop connecting the terminals. This design was eventually scrapped since it was more of a benefit to passengers originating in or terminating in Atlanta, and by then nearly 70% of traffic through the airport was connecting from one flight to another.[10]

By 1973, the terminal's design was revised to its current layout, which used a landside/airside design made popular by Tampa International Airport. The people mover would connect the landside concourse with parallel linear airside concourses with a stop at each concourse. Initially, the plan was for the people mover to connect the concourses in an exposed trench similar to the original AirTrans system at Dallas/Fort Worth International Airport (DFW). Bridges over the people mover would have connected the aircraft ramps on either side. In 1975, a winter storm made DFW's system temporarily inoperable. Since Atlanta was vulnerable to similar conditions, the design was changed to have the people mover system fully underground to protect it from the elements. This would also eliminate the need for taxiway bridges.[10]

1980-1994: Opening and early years

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Construction began on the current terminal facility in 1977. The terminal opened to the public on September 21, 1980, along with the Plane Train (which did not have an official name at the time). The initial system consisted of the six stations from the terminal (now the Domestic Terminal) up to Concourse D.[11] A maintenance facility was built just beyond Concourse D station.[12] The system was built by the Westinghouse Electric Corporation, who supplied the system's initial fleet of C-100 vehicles. It initially operated with six trains in both two and three-car configurations.[13][14][15] By 1983, all trains were operating with three cars.[12] The layout of the current terminal was so well received, it was largely replicated at Denver International Airport in 1995 with Westinghouse installing a nearly identical people mover system there as well.[16]

In 1991, Concourse C closed temporarily after Eastern Air Lines ceased operations. For part of the closure, trains skipped Concourse C station. Concourse C reopened in 1992.[17]

1994-2000s: Extension to Concourse E and new vehicles

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The 2011–2020 interior of one of the original C-100 vehicles in 2014

In 1994, the airport opened Concourse E for international flights in preparation for the 1996 Summer Olympics, which were held in Atlanta. As part of the expansion, the system was extended with a station for Concourse E. The extension also included new maintenance facility to replace the original, which had to be relocated to make room for the Concourse E station.[18]

In 1996, the trains lengthened from three cars to four and large LED displays capable of showing eastern Asian CJK characters were added inside the vehicles to complement the original English text-only dot-matrix red-LED displays in preparation for more international flights.

In between 1997 and 2001, Bombardier Transportation, who had recently acquired the remains of Westinghouse's transportation division after buying out Adtranz, replaced some of the system's original C-100 vehicles with new CX-100 vehicles. Two of the system's original vehicles (cars #1 and #53) were then donated to the Southeastern Railway Museum in nearby Duluth, Georgia where they are currently on display.[19]

2010s-present: Official name and extension to Concourse F

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In 2009, a second people mover, the ATL Skytrain, opened on the landside of the airport connecting the Domestic Terminal with the rental car center and the Georgia International Convention Center.[20] With both the ATL Skytrain having an official name and the trend of other airports naming their people mover systems, the airport's communications team launched a "Name the Train" contest on April 1, 2010 to name the airside people mover. [21] The four-week competition was held on Facebook and YouTube with participants submitting entries as comments to a behind-the-scenes video about the airport's automated people mover system. The winning entry was announced on April 30, 2010 as a comment post on the video.[22] As a result, the airside people mover was officially named the Plane Train.[23]

In 2012, the Maynard Holbrook Jackson, Jr. International Terminal and Concourse F opened along with another extension of the Plane Train. Ten additional vehicles were added to the system to accommodate this expansion, bringing the total number of Innovia APM 100 vehicles in the system's fleet to 59.[24] The airport also recommissioned a few C-100 vehicles to keep more trains running.

Audio announcements

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Concourse B platform in 2023

The audio announcements on the Plane Train have been delivered by many voices throughout its history. The first voice on the trains was the voice of local WSB-FM and WQXI radio personality Kelly McCoy. Shortly before the terminal's opening, President Jimmy Carter, a Georgia native, was scheduled to tour the terminal and Westinghouse needed to get announcements recorded quickly to have the system ready for the tour. Westinghouse reached out to McCoy to quickly record the announcements. McCoy's voice remained on the train briefly after the airport opened, though airport officials felt his voice was too friendly and not getting people's attention.[25]

Shortly after opening, McCoy's voice was replaced by a monotone synthesized voice. Airport officials would nickname the voice "HAL" since it sounded like the similarly named computer in the film 2001: A Space Odyssey.[26][25]

When Concourse E opened in 1994, the synthesized voice was replaced by a pre-recorded voice. However, due to public outcry, the synthesized voice was quickly brought back and would remain for two more years. As the 1996 Summer Olympics in Atlanta drew closer, the airport sought to again replace the synthesized voice with a pre-recorded voice fearing that the influx of international travelers would have a hard time understanding the synthesized voice. By the time the Olympics started, the airport again replaced the synthesized voice with a pre-recorded male voice provided by local voice talent Bill Murray (not to be confused with actor and comedian Bill Murray). The 1996 recordings also used chimes to precede the messages.[27][28]

A different pre-recorded male voice debuted inside the trains in 2002, a year after the new vehicles debuted on the system. The 2002 recordings did not have chimes, though the doors closing message and its associated chime from the 1996 recordings would continue to be used on the platforms until the mid-2010s.[29][30][31][32]

In 2006, the system's first female voice debuted, which was provided by the voice of Susan Bennett. Bennett is the voice of Delta Air Lines gate boarding announcements at the airport and has since become famous for being the original voice of Siri on Apple products. The 2006 recordings were also the first to use a radiotelegraphy alphabet to clarify the identification of the Concourse stations.[33][34]

The current announcements, which debuted in March 2012, are provided by voice actress Sharon Feingold.[35][36] Feingold has also been the voice for the ATL SkyTrain since its opening in 2009. The current announcements are the first to no longer use the word "Concourse", instead referring to the concourse stations with the word "Gates" (e.g. "A Gates"). They also reference the name of the train, used chimes, and added announcements for the International Terminal and Concourse F (which opened that year).

By the mid-2010s, the 1996 voice was still in use in the stations (including the Concourse F station when it first opened) to alert passengers when the doors close, stating:

"Careful ! Doors are closing and will not re-open. Please wait for the next train."

This message was updated between 2013 and 2015 with a new male voice and the same chime as the current in-vehicle chime.

Future

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The airport is currently constructing a minor expansion to the Plane Train. A new 700-foot (210-meter) turn-around track is being constructed beyond the Domestic Terminal station. When complete in 2024, this will allow up to 15 trains at a time to operate at 1-minute intervals.[37]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ Ervin, Rian (July 25, 2017). "Atlanta's 'Plane Train' Moves More Than 250,000 People Every Day. This Tech Team Keeps It on Track". Field Service Digital. Retrieved May 14, 2024.
  2. ^ "Reference projects in the USA". Alstom. Retrieved October 15, 2024.
  3. ^ a b "The Plane Train: Getting You There since 1980". Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  4. ^ Elliott, Dennis M.; Norton, Jack (1999). "An Introduction to Airport APM Systems". Journal of Advanced Transportation. 33: 35–50. doi:10.1002/atr.5670330105. Retrieved November 23, 2021.
  5. ^ "Atlanta Airport's Plane Train". YouTube. Retrieved January 28, 2022.
  6. ^ "Terminal Maps". Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  7. ^ "Atlanta Airport's "Plane Train" Like Few People Have Experienced It". YouTube. Retrieved July 19, 2022.
  8. ^ https://www.aviationpros.com/airports/news/55126243/underground-tunnel-extension-for-atlanta-plane-train-will-take-longer-to-complete
  9. ^ "ATL's Domestic Terminal turns 40!". Delta Flight Museum. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  10. ^ a b c "How Atlanta's Midfield Terminal could have looked completely different". Blue Concourse: The Airport History Blog. Retrieved November 4, 2021.
  11. ^ "Atlanta's Midfield 1980-1981: The First Full Year". Sunshine Skies. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  12. ^ a b Bell, Chuck (October 15, 1983). "Airport gets new people-mover". The Atlanta Constitution. p. 23. Retrieved October 14, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.  
  13. ^ Bell, Chuck (December 1, 1983). "Airport's people movers travel smooth tracks". The Atlanta Constitution. p. 251. Retrieved October 16, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.  
  14. ^ Richardson, Clem (September 14, 1980). "No need to hoof it a mile to your plane when you can hitch a people-mover ride". The Atlanta Journal. Retrieved October 15, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.  
  15. ^ "Construction of the Train @ Hartsfield Atlanta Airport Midfield Terminal. (July 24, 1979)". YouTube. Retrieved October 1, 2024.
  16. ^ Murray, Jon (November 26, 2017). "DIA's underground train will get more cars and maintenance to keep expansions from going off the rails". Denver Post. Retrieved November 11, 2021.
  17. ^ Thurston, Scott (May 27, 1992). "Hartsfield reopens closed Concourse C". The Atlanta Constitution. pp. A1 A8. Retrieved October 16, 2024 – via Newspapers.com.  
  18. ^ "Airport History". Hartsfield–Jackson Atlanta International Airport. Archived from the original on February 21, 2003. Retrieved August 27, 2008.
  19. ^ "Westinghouse C-100 Automated People Mover". Southeastern Railway Museum. Retrieved November 5, 2021.
  20. ^ "Hartsfield-Jackson's Rental Car Center (RCC)". Archived from the original on May 12, 2012.
  21. ^ "Atlanta airport launches contest to name train". Chattanooga Times Free Press. April 1, 2010. Retrieved April 1, 2010.
  22. ^ "The Plane Train at Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport". ATLAirportTV. April 30, 2010. Retrieved April 30, 2010.
  23. ^ "Hartsfield people mover = The Plane Train". Atlanta Business Chronicle. August 10, 2010. Retrieved August 10, 2010.
  24. ^ "Innovia Automated People Mover System – Hartsfield-Jackson Atlanta International Airport". Bombardier Transportation. Archived from the original on May 30, 2013. Retrieved February 5, 2017.
  25. ^ a b "Hal, the Mysterious Robot Voice of Atlanta Airport". Sunshine Skies. Retrieved December 2, 2021.
  26. ^ Audio of the 1980–1996 recordings on the Automated People Mover (APM). YouTube.
  27. ^ Video of the Airport Train with the 1996–2002 recordings from Summer 2001. YouTube.
  28. ^ "Bill Murray's Curriculum Vitae". Voiceovers.com. Archived from the original on April 18, 1997. Retrieved March 14, 2022.
  29. ^ Video #1 of the Airport Train with the 2002-2006 recordings from Concourse D to Concourse C (YouTube)
  30. ^ Video #2 of the Airport Train with the 2002-2006 recordings from Concourse C to Concourse B (YouTube)
  31. ^ Video #3 of the Airport Train with the 2002-2006 recordings from Terminal Baggage Claim to Concourse T (T-Gates) (YouTube)
  32. ^ Video #4 of the Airport Train with the 2002-2006 recordings to Concourse C (YouTube)
  33. ^ Video of the Airport Train with the 2006-2012 recordings from 2007 (YouTube)
  34. ^ "Susan C. Bennett – Voices & Vocals". Archived from the original on February 20, 2012. Retrieved April 9, 2012.
  35. ^ "Sharon Feingold Voiceovers". Voiceography. Retrieved April 28, 2015.
  36. ^ Lucas, Liza (February 18, 2020). "Meet the Voice of the 'Plane Train' at Atlanta's Airport". 11 Alive. Retrieved September 9, 2021.
  37. ^ Yamanouchi, Kelly (June 9, 2022). "Hartsfield-Jackson Makes Headway on Extension to Speed Plane Train". The Atlanta Journal-Constitution. Retrieved July 19, 2022.
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