Prince Henri of Orléans

Names
	Henri Philippe Marie d'Orléans

Prince Henri
Prince Henri
	Prince Henri, c. 1900
Born	16 October 1867; Ham, London, England
Died	9 August 1901 (aged 33); Saigon, Cochinchina
Names
Names
	Henri Philippe Marie d'Orléans
House	Orléans
Father	Robert, Duke of Chartres
Mother	Marie-Françoise of Orléans

Prince Henri of Orléans (16 October 1867 – 9 August 1901) was the son of Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres, and Princess Françoise of Orléans.

Biography

Henri, the second eldest son and third child of Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres, was born at Ham, London on 16 October 1867.^[1]

In 1889, at the instance of his father, who paid the expenses of the tour, he undertook, in company with Gabriel Bonvalot and Father Constant de Deken (1852-1896), a journey through Siberia to French Indochina.^[2] In the course of their travels they crossed the mountain range of Tibet and the fruits of their observations, submitted to the Geographical Society of Paris (and later incorporated in De Paris au Tonkin à travers le Tibet inconnu, published in 1892),^[3]^[4] brought them conjointly the gold medal of that society.^[5]

In 1892 the prince made a short journey of exploration in East Africa, and shortly afterwards visited Madagascar, proceeding thence to Tongkin in present-day Vietnam.^[5]^[6] In April 1892 he visited Luang Prabang in Laos, leading him to write a letter to "Politique Coloniale" in January 1893.^[7] From this point he set out for Assam, and was successful in discovering the source of the Irrawaddy River, a brilliant geographical achievement which secured the medal of the Geographical Society of Paris and the Cross of the Legion of Honour.^[8] In 1897 he revisited Abyssinia, and political differences arising from this trip led to a duel with Vittorio Emanuele, Count of Turin.^[5]

While on a trip to Assam in 1901, he died at Saigon on 9 August. Prince Henri was a somewhat violent Anglophobe, and his diatribes against Great Britain contrasted rather curiously with the cordial reception which his position as a traveller obtained for him in London, where he was given the gold medal of the Royal Geographical Society.^[5]

Duel

In 1897, in several articles for Le Figaro, Prince Henri described the Italian soldiers being held captive in Ethiopia, during the first First Italo–Ethiopian War, as cowards. Prince Vittorio Emanuele thus challenged him to a duel. The sword was agreed upon as the weapon of choice, as the Italians thought that duel with pistols, favored by the French, was worthy of betrayed husbands, not of princes of royal blood.^[9]

The duel with swords, which lasted 26 minutes, took place at 5:00 am on 15 August 1897, in the Bois de Marechaux at Vaucresson, France. Vittorio Emanuele defeated Prince Henri after five reprises.^[10] The "Monseigneur" Henri received a serious wound to his right abdomen, and the doctors of both parties considered the injury serious enough to put him in a state of obvious inferiority, causing the end of the duel, and making the Count of Turin famous in Europe.^[11]

In popular culture

Literature

Race to Tibet by Sophie Schiller (2015) ISBN 978-0692254097

Ancestry

Ancestors of Prince Henri of Orléans

8. Louis Philippe I of France

4. Prince Ferdinand Philippe, Duke of Orléans

9. Princess Marie Amélie of Naples and Sicily

2. Prince Robert, Duke of Chartres

10. Frederick Louis, Hereditary Grand Duke of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

5. Duchess Helene of Mecklenburg-Schwerin

11. Princess Caroline Louise of Saxe-Weimar-Eisenach

1. Prince Henri of Orléans

12. Louis Philippe I of France (= 8)

6. François, Prince of Joinville

13. Princess Marie Amélie of Naples and Sicily (= 9)

3. Princess Françoise of Orléans

14. Pedro I of Brazil and IV of Portugal

7. Princess Francisca of Brazil

15. Archduchess Leopoldina of Austria

Notes

^ Gardener, William (1 May 1978). "Prince Henri d'Orleans (1867–1901): geographical and botanical exploration between inner Asia and southwest China". Journal of the Society for the Bibliography of Natural History. 8 (4): 399. doi:10.3366/jsbnh.1978.8.4.399. ISSN 0037-9778.
^ "Across China to India.; Prince Henri d'Orleans's Book Describing His Journey.*". The New York Times. 29 January 1898. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
^ Chisholm 1911, pp. 283–284.
^ Across Thibet (translation of De Paris au Tonkin à travers le Tibet inconnu by C. B. Pitman, 1891)
^ ^a ^b ^c ^d Chisholm 1911, p. 284.
^ "Prince Henri d'Orleans - National Portrait Gallery". www.npg.org.uk. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
^ Albert de Pouvourville, "L' Affaire de Siam; 1886 - 1896"
^ "UNIVERSE". Champagne HERITAGE - Prince Henri d'Orléans. Retrieved 15 January 2024.
^ "Un duello per l'Italia". Torino. 1952.
^ "Verbale dello scontro tra il Conte di Torino e il Principe Enrico d'Orléans". Torino. 1897.
^ "Prince Henri in a Duel". The New York Times. 17 August 1897. p. 9.

References

This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Orleans, Henri, Prince of". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 20 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 283–284.