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The Alexander Hamilton Bridge is an eight-lane steel arch bridge that carries traffic over the Harlem River between the boroughs of Manhattan and the Bronx in New York City. The bridge connects the Trans-Manhattan Expressway in the Washington Heights section of Manhattan with the Cross Bronx Expressway as part of Interstate 95 and U.S. 1.
Alexander Hamilton Bridge | |
|---|---|
 Alexander Hamilton Bridge crossing the Harlem River in November 2007 | |
| Coordinates | 40°50′44″N 73°55′43″W / 40.8456°N 73.9287°W |
| Carries | 8 lanes of   I-95 / US 1 |
| Crosses | Harlem River |
| Locale | Manhattan and The Bronx in New York City |
| Maintained by | NYSDOT |
| Characteristics | |
| Design | Open-spandrel deck arch bridge |
| Total length | 2,375 feet (724 m) |
| Width | [1] |
| Longest span | 555 feet (169 m) |
| Clearance below | 103 feet (31 m) |
| History | |
| Opened | January 15, 1963[2] |
| Statistics | |
| Daily traffic | 177,853 (2016)[3] |
| Toll | none |
| Location | |
 | |
The bridge opened to traffic on January 15, 1963, the same day that the Cross-Bronx Expressway was completed. For 2011, the New York City Department of Transportation, which operates and maintains the bridge, reported an average daily traffic (ADT) volume in both directions of 182,174, having reached a peak ADT of 192,848 in 1990.[4]
Design
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The total length of the bridge, including approaches, is 2,375 feet (724 m). Its parallel main spans are 555 feet (169 m) long and provide 103 feet (31 m) of vertical clearance over the Harlem River at the center and 366 feet (112 m) of horizontal clearance.[5]
The bridge design included a set of spiraling ramps (officially known as the Highbridge Interchange and colloquially known as "The Corkscrew") to connect to and from the Major Deegan Expressway (completed in 1964) and a viaduct ramp connecting to the Harlem River Drive, both of which are over 100 feet (30 m) below the level of the bridge, and access to Amsterdam Avenue.[5]
History
editAfter the George Washington Bridge, which connects Manhattan and New Jersey was completed in 1931, vehicles traveling between New Jersey and The Bronx would travel over the Washington Bridge, which crosses the Harlem River just north of the present Alexander Hamilton Bridge.[6] The Alexander Hamilton Bridge was planned in the mid-1950s to connect Robert Moses' proposed Trans-Manhattan and Cross-Bronx Expressways and to accommodate the additional traffic resulting from the addition of the six-lane lower level to the George Washington Bridge.[5][7] With the Interstate designation, 90% of the $21 million in construction costs were covered by the federal government. The bridge opened on January 15, 1963.[2]
Starting in 2009, the bridge underwent a full renovation at an estimated cost of $400 million.[8] While the traffic jams created from the construction had not been as bad as local officials had anticipated, inbound delays at the Hudson River crossings increased after the project began.[9] In July 2014, Governor Andrew Cuomo announced that the bridge renovation was complete.[10]
See also
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References
edit- ^ "2011 New York City Bridge Traffic Volumes" (PDF). New York City Department of Transportation. October 2013. Retrieved February 28, 2013.
- ^ a b "New Bridge Completes L.I.-to-Jersey Bypass" (PDF). The New York Times. April 14, 1963. p. 528. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ "New York City Bridge Traffic Volumes" (PDF). New York City Department of Transportation. 2016. p. 9. Retrieved March 16, 2018.
- ^ "2011 New York City Bridge Traffic Volumes" (PDF). New York City Department of Transportation. March 2010. p. 74. Archived (PDF) from the original on May 28, 2010. Retrieved February 28, 2013.
- ^ a b c "Compact NYSDOT Highway Record Plans: Beginning 1900". State of New York. Retrieved November 27, 2023.
- ^ "Cross-city Tunnel Opens Tomorrow; Manhattan's First East-West Drive Goes Under Heights From Washington Bridge" (PDF). The New York Times. June 26, 1940. p. 25. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 26, 2021.
- ^ Ingraham, Joseph C. (August 26, 1962). "Double-deck Span; George Washington Bridge Expansion Is Keystone of Vast Road Project Double-deck Span" (PDF). The New York Times. p. 372. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved January 28, 2021.
- ^ Schweber, Nate (July 15, 2012). "Bracing for Big Traffic Jam That Didn't Come on Day 1". The New York Times. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
- ^ Wander, Erik (July 30, 2012). "GWB Traffic Getting Worse, Analysis Shows". Patch Media. Retrieved August 1, 2012.
- ^ "Governor Cuomo Announces Completion of Alexander Hamilton Bridge Rehabilitation". Governor Andrew M. Cuomo. September 28, 2014. Archived from the original on February 25, 2021. Retrieved November 7, 2018.
External links
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- New York State Department of Transportation - Alexander Hamilton Bridge Project
- NYC Roads: Alexander Hamilton Bridge
- Historic American Engineering Record (HAER) No. NY-302, "Alexander Hamilton Bridge, Spanning Harlem River between Bronx & Manhattan, Bronx, Bronx County, NY", 1 photo, 1 photo caption page
- Alexander Hamilton Bridge at Structurae
- Bridge and Tunnel Club pictures of the Alexander Hamilton Bridge
- Nautical Chart #12342[permanent dead link] NOAA.