Hoboken (Dutch pronunciation: [ˈɦoːboːkə(n)]) is a southern district of the arrondissement and city of Antwerp, in the Flemish Region of Belgium. It is located at the Scheldt river. The name of the district has its origins in Middle Dutch.
Hoboken | |
|---|---|
 Sorghvliedt Castle or Kasteel Sorghvliedt | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
Location of Hoboken  | |
 Location of Hoboken in Antwerp | |
  Hoboken   Hoboken | |
| Coordinates: 51°10′00″N 4°22′00″E / 51.16667°N 4.36667°E | |
| Country |  Belgium |
| Community |  Flemish Community |
| Region | Flemish Region |
| Province |  Antwerp |
| Arrondissement | Antwerp |
| Municipality | Antwerp |
| Area | |
• Total | 10.51 km2 (4.06 sq mi) |
| Highest elevation | 6 m (20 ft) |
| Lowest elevation | 0 m (0 ft) |
| Population (2021-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 41,220 |
| • Density | 3,900/km2 (10,000/sq mi) |
| Postal codes | 2660 |
| Area codes | 03 |
| Website | [1] |
Name
editThe name Hoboken is derived from Medieval Dutch Hooghe Buechen or Hoge Beuken, meaning High or Tall Beeches. To this day there is a hospital in Hoboken named "Hoge Beuken".[2][3]
A local children's story says that the name "Hoboken" is derived from a little boy who accidentally dropped his sandwich in the Schelde river, which flows near Hoboken. In the local dialect of Dutch, a "boke" is a sandwich and "ho" is a way of shouting "stop", so he must have shouted "Ho, boken!!!".[4][5]
History
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The first historical records of Hoboken date from the 1135 parish of capellam de hobuechen qua libam. At that time Hoboken was part of Wilrijk, in the Duchy of Brabant. It has since then evolved from a small village to an industrialized district of Antwerp.[7]
From the 13th to the 15th century the fiefdom of Hoboken was the property of the Lords of the lands of Rumst: Perwijs, Counts of Vianden, Count of Flanders, House of Luxembourg and House of Orange-Nassau. In 1559, William of Orange sold the lands of Rumst and Hoboken to Melchior Schetz (the new Lord of Hoboken).[8]
In 1579, the city of Antwerp joined the Union of Utrecht and became the capital of the Dutch Revolt. In 1585, Alessandro Farnese, Duke of Parma and Piacenza, captured Antwerp after a long siege. During the siege of Antwerp, Hoboken was partly flooded and was raided by enemy soldiers. As part of the terms of surrender of Antwerp, its Protestant citizens were given four years to settle their affairs before quitting the city.[9] Most settlers went to the Republic of the Seven United Netherlands (the unoccupied part of the Union of Utrecht) in the north, starting the Dutch Golden Age. Antwerp's banking was controlled for a generation by Genoa, and Amsterdam became the new trading centre of the region—the population of Amsterdam went from 30.000 in 1570 to 60.000 in 1600 and the Amsterdam Canal District was constructed to accommodate the traders and bankers from Antwerp (including much of its Jewish population).[10]
Many of the early American settlers were refugees from Antwerp and the Southern Netherlands. The first settlers in New York were Belgians (Flemish Dutch and Walloons), they came to New York in 1623 (Michiel Pauw from Ghent and Peter Minuit from Tournai) and founded settlements at Wallabout, Long Island, Staten Island, Hoboken, and Pavonia. A consul of the "Low Countries" in London Emanuel van Meteren, born in Antwerp, induced Henry Hudson to go meet with the famed cartographer Petrus Plancius (from Ypres) in Amsterdam and to support the search for a northeastern passage to India.[11][12] Willem Usselincx, the founding father of the Dutch West India Company and the settlement of New Sweden was also a merchant from Antwerp.[13]
In 1617, the descendants of Lord Schetz were called baron and were from then on to be known as the House of Ursel. In 1683, they carried the title of count and in 1717 duke d' Ursel.
A turning point in the history of Hoboken was the construction of the Cockerill shipyard in 1873.
During World War I, Antwerp became the fallback point of the Belgian Army after the defeat at the Battle of Liège. The Siege of Antwerp lasted for 11 days, the city was taken by the German Army after heavy fighting, and the Belgians were forced to retreat westwards. Fort 8, one of the forts defending Antwerp located in the south of Hoboken, was of not much use during WWI, it was built in 1864 and was terribly outdated.[14] Antwerp remained under German control until the Armistice of 11 November 1918.
On 1 January 1983, Hoboken became a district of the city of Antwerp.
Culture
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Geography
editThe main neighbourhoods in Hoboken are:
East of railway line 52
- Hoboken-centre
- Hertog van Brabantwijk
- Vogeltjeswijk
- Zwaantjes
West of railway line 52
- Moretusburg
- Hertogvelden
- Polderstad
Demographics
edit19th century
edit| Year | 1806 | 1816 | 1830 | 1846 | 1856 | 1866 | 1876 | 1880 | 1890 |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 1550 | 2065 | 2298 | 2633 | 2631 | 2680 | 3410 | 4147 | 6987 |
| Notes:census taken on 31/12 | |||||||||
20th century
edit| Year | 1900 | 1910 | 1920 | 1930 | 1947 | 1961 | 1970 | 1980 | 1982 | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 10.202 | 16.882 | 21.006 | 32.700 | 31.725 | 30.557 | 33.693 | 34.640 | 34.562 | |
| Notes:census taken on 31/12 until 1970 + 1 January 1980 + 31 December 1982 | ||||||||||
21st century
edit| Year | 2007 | 2008 | 2009 | 2010 | 2011 | 2012 | 2013 | 2014 | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Population | 34.542 | 34.862 | 35.170 | 35.550 | 36.244 | 37.283 | 37.464 | 37.945 | ||
| Notes:census data from 'Antwerpen Buurtmonitor' | ||||||||||
References
edit- ^ a b "Bevolking per statistische sector – Sector 11002V". Statistics Belgium. Retrieved 9 May 2022.
- ^ "Onze ziekenhuizen" (in Dutch). Zna.be. Retrieved 16 March 2014.
- ^ "Hoboken-Onze-Lieve-Vrouw geboortekerk" (in Dutch). Retrieved 31 March 2017.
- ^ "Cultuurprijs Hoboken" (in Dutch). 16 December 2011. Retrieved 31 March 2017.
- ^ "Info of Hoboken". Retrieved 31 March 2017.
- ^ "Mijnheer Doktoor. Erfgoeddag over "zorg" in Hoboken". Mijnheer Doktoor. Erfgoeddag over "zorg" in Hoboken. Retrieved 19 April 2020.
- ^ Encyclopædia Britannica, Ultimate Reference Suite (2009): Low Countries, history of, Encyclopædia Britannica, Chicago.
- ^ Steyaert Rita (1992): https://inventaris.onroerenderfgoed.be/erfgoedobjecten/120657
- ^ Boxer Charles Ralph, The Dutch seaborne empire, 1600–1800, p. 18, Taylor & Francis, 1977 ISBN 0-09-131051-2, ISBN 978-0-09-131051-6 Google books
- ^ Willem Frijhoff e.a., "Geschiedenis van Amsterdam", deel I t/m IV, Uitgeverij SUN, Amsterdam 2004–2007. ISBN 90-5875-181-3, ISBN 90-5875-137-6, ISBN 90-5875-138-4, ISBN 90-5875-139-2 en ISBN 978-90-5875-140-9
- ^ Henry C. Bayer (1925). The Belgians, first settlers in New York and in the middle states : with a review of the events which led to their immigration. New York : Devin-Adair.
- ^ Guido J. Deboeck (2007). Flemish DNA & Ancestry: History of Three Families Over Five Centuries. p. 188.
- ^ Franklin J. Jameson (1887). Willem Usselinx, Founder of the Dutch and Swedish West India Companies. Johns Hopkins University, New York.
- ^ Edmonds, J. E. (1925). Military Operations France and Belgium, 1914: Antwerp, La Bassée, Armentières, Messines and Ypres October–November 1914. History of the Great War Based on Official Documents by Direction of the Historical Section of the Committee of Imperial Defence. II (1st ed.). London: Macmillan. OCLC 220044986.
- ^ South of Antwerp, on the other side of the water, depicted as 'Hoboker Schans', translated as 'Sconce (fortification) of Hoboken',note that the map is upside down (top of map is the South)
External links
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