The Reverend William Howard Melish (11 May 1910 – 15 June 1986) was an 20th-century American Episcopalian and social leader, driven from his Brooklyn church in the 1950s during McCarthyism in a decade-long controversy by the Episcopalian bishop of Long Island due to his association with the USSR and CPUSA.[1][2][3][4]
Reverend William Howard Melish | |
|---|---|
| Church | Holy Trinity Church, Brooklyn (renamed St. Ann & the Holy Trinity Church) |
| Personal details | |
| Born | William Howard Melish May 11, 1910 |
| Died | June 15, 1986 (aged 76) Boerum Hill, Brooklyn, New York |
| Nationality | American |
| Denomination | Episcopalianism |
| Parents | John Howard Melish, Marguerite McComas |
| Spouse | Mary Jane Dietz |
| Children | 3 sons |
| Occupation | Episcopalian assistant rector, civil rights activist |
| Education | Harvard University; Jesus College, Cambridge |
| Alma mater | Episcopal Theological School |
Background
editWilliam Howard Melish was born on May 11, 1910, in Brooklyn, New York. His parents were Dr. John Howard Melish and Marguerite McComas.[5] He studied at Harvard University and then studied for the priesthood at Jesus College, Cambridge, and at the Episcopal Theological School.[1][3]
Career
edit
In 1935, Melish began his ministry at Christ Church in Cincinnati, Ohio. In 1938, he joined his father as assistant rector at the Holy Trinity Church in Brooklyn. Melish served as assistant rector from 1938 to 1958; his father was rector there from 1904 until his ouster in 1949.[3][4]
Political and civil activism
edit
In the 1940s, Melish joined the American Labor Party (then, affiliated with the Communist Party USA). Melish was also a founding member of the National Council of American-Soviet Friendship,[2] as well as the editor for the council's biweekly publication, Reporter (CPUSA) (an English-language press of the Communist Party USA publication).
In the same period, Melish supported the civil rights movement in the South; he served as a regional representative for Southern Patriot monthly periodical of the Southern Conference Educational Fund (successor to the Southern Conference for Human Welfare).[2]
Ouster
editMr. Melish's chairmanship (1947–1951) of the National Council of American-Soviet Friendship led both him and his father into a "bitter struggle" in the 1940s and 1950s that divided their parish as the council wound up on the Attorney General's List of Subversive Organizations in December 1947. Melish immediately and publicly opposed the list, telling the New York Times that:
the National Council... "was prepared to fight through the courts any such imputation of our loyalty... We are American citizens who stand for good relations between the United States and the Soviet Union as the key to peace... It has always been the right of American citizens under the Constitution to discuss and, if need be, criticize the foreign policy of the United States.[6]
US Senator Joseph McCarthy investigated Melish as chairman of the council. In 1957, Bishop James P. DeWolfe of the Episcopal Diocese of Long Island closed the Holy Trinity Church in Brooklyn in 1957 and ousted Melish, who had taken over from his father in 1949. The bishop closed the church until a new congregation claimed it as "St. Ann & the Holy Trinity Church."[1][3]
Rector, Holy Trinity v. Melish
editThe rector, church wardens, and vestrymen of the Church of the Holy Trinity in Brooklyn sued Melish and his father to leave; they refused. On June 24, 1957, the Appellate Division of the Supreme Court of New York, Second Department, found in favor of the church.[7] On March 26, 1958, the Supreme Court of Kings County, New York, heard Rector, Holy Trinity v. Melish. Hubbell and Davies represented the plaintiffs; Raphael H. Weissman and Hubert T. Delaney represented Melish. The supreme court found in favor of the plaintiffs.[8] The case received press coverage, including Life magazine.[9]
Later life
editAfter his ouster, Melish and his wife both visited the Soviet Union six times.[1]
In 1963, Melish delivered an address at the memorial for W.E.B. DuBois.[10]
In 1969, Melish became rector of Grace Episcopal Church Complex (Queens) for a decade until he retired in 1979. He then returned to his Brooklyn church as an assisting priest until he died.[1]
In 1971, Melish again became chairman of the National Council of American-Soviet Friendship until 1978.
Personal life and death
editMelish married Mary Jane Dietz; they had three sons.[1]
Melish advocated civil rights. He also advocated peaceful co-existence with the USSR, which in July 1948 formed part of the foreign plank of the platform of the Progressive Party (United States, 1948).[1]
Melish lived in the Boerum Hill section of Brooklyn, New York.[1]
Melish died age 76 on June 15, 1986, in Brooklyn.[1]
Awards
edit- 1956: International Peace Prize of the World Peace Council|[11]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i Saxon, Wolfgang (16 June 1986). "Rev. W. Howard Melish, 76, Dies; Ousted at Parish in McCarthy Era". New York Times. p. B12. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ a b c "Melish, William Howard, 1910-". Civil Rights Digital Library. 2013. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ a b c d "Guide to the John Howard Melish, William Howard Melish and Protestant Episcopal Church of the Holy Trinity collection ARC.050". Brooklyn Historical Society. 15 February 2012. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ a b "Church of the Holy Trinity (Brooklyn, New York, N.Y.)". Social Networks and Archival Context. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Melish, John Howard (1874-1969)". Jane Addams Digital Edition. 2010. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Accused Groups Deny Disloyalty; Five Organizations Listed by U.S. Insist They Are Not Subversive, Assail Clark". New York Times. 5 December 1947. p. 18. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Rector, Holy Trinity v. Melish". CaseText. 24 June 1957. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Rector, Holy Trinity v. Melish". Leagle. 1958. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "'Mr. Melish, You Are Out of Order'". Life. 30 January 1956. pp. 57–58. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Address delivered by the Rev. William Howard Melish at the memorial service of the late Dr. W. E. B. Du Bois at the Affrey Memorial Church, Achimota College, Accra, Ghana, ca. September 23, 1963". University of Massachusetts Amherst. 23 September 1963. Retrieved 20 April 2020.
- ^ "Melish is Honored; Red-Dominated World Peace Council Awards Prize". New York Times. 28 April 1956. p. 6. Retrieved 19 July 2010.
External links
edit- Digital Commonwealth
- Brooklyn Historical Society: Guide to the John Howard Melish, William Howard Melish and Protestant Episcopal Church of the Holy Trinity collection ARC.050
- William Howard Melish (undated)