Jessica Rabbit is a fictional character in the novel Who Censored Roger Rabbit? and its film adaptation, Who Framed Roger Rabbit. She is depicted as the human toon wife of Roger Rabbit in various Roger Rabbit media. Jessica is renowned as one of the best-known sex symbols in animation.[6] She is best remembered for the line: "I'm not bad, I'm just drawn that way".
| Jessica Rabbit | |
|---|---|
| Who Censored Roger Rabbit? and Who Framed Roger Rabbit character | |
.png) Jessica Rabbit as she appeared in Who Framed Roger Rabbit (1988) | |
| First appearance | Who Censored Roger Rabbit? (1981) |
| Created by | Gary K. Wolf |
| Adapted by | |
| Voiced by |
|
| Performance model | Betsy Brantley[5] |
| In-universe information | |
| Alias | Jessica Krupnick |
| Species | Toon human[citation needed] |
| Occupation | Actress and performer at The Ink and Paint Club |
| Spouse | Roger Rabbit (husband) |
Development
editNovel
editAuthor Gary K. Wolf based Jessica primarily on the cartoon character Red from Tex Avery's Red Hot Riding Hood, though he also based her attitude on Tinker Bell and her design on Margaret Kerry.[7][8]
Movie
editThe film version of the character was inspired by various actresses. Richard Williams explained, "I tried to make her like Rita Hayworth; we took her hair from Veronica Lake, and Robert Zemeckis kept saying, 'What about the look Lauren Bacall had?'" He described that combination as an "ultimate male fantasy, drawn by a cartoonist".[9] Before Zemeckis was brought on board as director, Jessica had a different design, and was to be voiced by Russi Taylor. Taylor would go on to provide the voice in test footage from 1981.[10] When Zemeckis was hired, he brought along Kathleen Turner to voice Jessica, whom he had worked with in Romancing the Stone. In a 2017 interview, Turner, who went uncredited, stated that she accepted the role because she was pregnant and "just had to show up and do her voice".[11]
Character synopsis
editNovel
editJessica was an immoral, up-and-coming star, and former comic character with whom her estranged husband (comic strip star Roger Rabbit) became obsessed.
Roger's wife Jessica is dramatically different between adaptations, too. Interestingly, she has far more depth and dimension as a character in the movie than the novel at that. In the novel, she's a shameless golddigger that uses her looks and charisma to seduce men into giving her what she wants or pitting key political figures against each other. Once one figure is out of the picture, she monkey-branches to someone else in order to gain their wealth, power, or whatever other effect. Behind her charismatic glamour, she's a petty and hard-to-please diva.
Movie
editShe is re-imagined in the film as a sultry, but moral and kind-hearted, cartoon singer at a Los Angeles supper club called The Ink and Paint Club. She is one of several suspects in the framing of her husband, who is a famous cartoon star accused of murder. She is voiced by Kathleen Turner. Amy Irving was cast to sing "Why Don't You Do Right?" (a blues song made famous by Peggy Lee) for Jessica's first scene in the movie. According to animation director Richard Williams, other than being a feisty-redhead female human toon temptress, she deeply loves her husband Roger. She calls him her "honey-bunny" and "darling." She claims that he makes her laugh, is a better lover than a driver and that he is "better than Goofy" after Roger attempts to save her from Judge Doom and the Toon Patrol. As proof of her love, she tells Eddie that she will pay any price for Roger and she even helps prove him innocent by helping in the investigation.
Even though she is a human Toon, she is shown to have a few of the comedic cartoon antics typical of other Toons. One such example is her cleavage having a hammerspace ability, as one of the weasels searches her (with obvious perverted intent) for Marvin Acme's last will and testament, only to comically get his hand caught in a bear trap, with Valiant commenting on the event with a pun ("Nice booby trap"). Another could be her restrained "wild take" (as she shouts, "Oh, my God, it's Dip!") seeing Judge Doom's scheme involving the Dip, while a subtle effect was added by animator Russell Hall: The bounce of Jessica's bosom was reversed from that of a real woman so that it would bounce up when a real woman's breasts bounce down and vice versa. Furthermore, when she blows kisses (as seen to Eddie in one scene) the lip-kisses are also done in a cartoonish style.[12]
Shorts
editAfter the film, Jessica also appeared in the Roger Rabbit/Baby Herman cartoons Tummy Trouble as a nurse, Roller Coaster Rabbit as a damsel in distress, and Trail Mix-Up as a park ranger. Although in Tummy Trouble and Roller Coaster Rabbit, she rarely made impressions, in Trail Mix-Up, Roger fantasizes over her, calling her a "babe in the woods" and panting like a dog. She also appeared frequently in the Roger Rabbit comic book series, and she had her own feature in most issues of Roger Rabbit's Toontown such as "Beauty Parlor Bedlam," where she comes face to face with female weasel counterpart, Winnie.
Cameos
editThough Jessica did not physically appear in the Disney film Aladdin and the King of Thieves, a cardboard cut-out of her body (from the neck-down) was visible for a few seconds while Genie was picking wedding dresses for Princess Jasmine, to which he did the Wolf-whistle. She was mentioned in the 1991 Tiny Toon Adventures episode "New Character Day," while her legs were briefly seen out a limo door in the episode "Buster and Babs Go Hawaiian."
Prequel novel
editIn May 2022, Gary K. Wolf, the original creator of Roger Rabbit, published Jessica Rabbit: XERIOUS Business, which explores Jessica's origin story.[13]
Legacy
editWith the success of the film and upon the opening of Disney's Hollywood Studios on May 1, 1989,[14] the film's characters featured prominently in the company. After taking the Studio Backlot Tour, various props decorated the streets including two different photo opportunities with Jessica: a glittery cardboard cutout and "The Loony Bin" photo shop which allowed you to take pictures in costume standing next to an actual cartoon drawing of characters from the film. There was also a plethora of merchandise including Jessica Rabbit rub-on stickers called "pressers".[citation needed] The Jessica Rabbit Store, entitled "Jessica's", was once part of Pleasure Island, Disney's nightclub attraction and shopping area. The store included a giant two-sided neon Jessica sign with sequined dress and swinging leg and featured nothing but Jessica Rabbit merchandise. The store closed in 1992.
Her line "I'm not bad, I'm just drawn that way" became one of the most popular quotes from the film, and was nominated as one of the 400 greatest movie quotes by AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes, ultimately failing to make the final list.[15] Jessica Rabbit was named number six on Empire's list of the 50 Best Animated Movie Characters in 2010.[16]
Kathleen Turner, the original speaking voice of Jessica Rabbit, stated in a 2017 interview that she is asked more often to sign photos of Jessica Rabbit than herself.[11]
Reception
editJessica Rabbit has received positive reviews and is described as a sex symbol among classic animated characters, commonly ranked among other animated characters such as Betty Boop and Red Hot Riding Hood. According to research by Cadbury Dairy Milk[citation needed], Jessica Rabbit remains the most alluring character in cartoons. Her red dress was also among the most recognized clothing worn by an animated character along with Snow White's dress. In 2008, Jessica Rabbit was selected by Empire as one of The 100 Greatest Movie Characters of All-Time, explaining that despite being drawn as a classic femme fatale, one of the movie's strengths is to allow the character to play against the stereotype".[17] She was also ranked as the sixth greatest animated character by the same magazine stating that "there's more to her than just the sort of lines that would clean sweep America's Next Top Model. There's a pure heart and ready wit beneath that magnificent exterior."[18] Internet Movie Database had a poll that ranked her as the most alluring Disney character according to votes from audiences of the page.[19]
Nudity and impact on LaserDisc release
editWith the LaserDisc release of Who Framed Roger Rabbit, Variety reported in March 1994 that Jessica was depicted nude for a few frames of animation, undetectable when played at the usual rate of 24 film frames per second, but visible when advancing through the film frame-by-frame;[20][21] Snopes examined it, and reported that although a scene does exist where Jessica's dress is hiked up and her underwear disappears for a few frames, it could be either intentional or a coloration error.[22] The scene drove sales of the LaserDisc release: many retailers reported that due to reports on the nudity from media including CNN and newspapers, their entire inventories of the LaserDisc release sold out in minutes.[23] Sources from Disney told Variety that the company was unlikely to do anything about the frames, and that the film is not intended for children regardless.[20]
References
edit- ^ "Voice of Jessica Rabbit in Hare Raising Havoc". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
- ^ "Voice(s) of Jessica Rabbit in Roger Rabbit's Car Toon Spin". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
- ^ "Voice of Jessica Rabbit in Robot Chicken". Behind The Voice Actors. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
- ^ "Never Forget". IMDb. Archived from the original on October 18, 2019. Retrieved August 3, 2020.
- ^ Listed in the end of movie credits
- ^ Appelo, Tim; Kilday, Gregg (August 2, 1992). "Kathleen Turner: The Last Movie Star". Entertainment Weekly. Retrieved August 15, 2024.
- ^ "Q & A with Gary Wolf". JimDavies.org. Archived from the original on September 9, 2015. Retrieved August 29, 2015.
- ^ Corliss, Richard (August 8, 1994). "CINEMA: Like the Mask?". Time. Archived from the original on August 12, 2013. Retrieved August 29, 2015.
- ^ Weinraub, Bernard (August 1, 1988). "An Animator Breaks Old Rules And New Ground in 'Roger Rabbit'". The New York Times. Archived from the original on January 17, 2017. Retrieved February 9, 2017.
- ^ Gallagher, Brian (September 5, 2014). "'Who Framed Roger Rabbit?' Test Footage Released 30 Years Later". MovieWeb. Archived from the original on March 4, 2016. Retrieved August 29, 2015.
- ^ a b Andrew, Marc. "Roger Rabbit turns 30: Kathleen Turner talks voicing Jessica Rabbit". marcandrew.ca. Archived from the original on July 11, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
- ^ "Trivia for Who Framed Roger Rabbit". IMDb. Archived from the original on March 3, 2016. Retrieved July 1, 2018.
- ^ Wolf, Gary. "Jessica Rabbit: XERIOUS Business". Gary Wolf official website. Retrieved June 24, 2023.
- ^ "WDW Opening Dates". Archived from the original on July 4, 2008. Retrieved June 11, 2008.
- ^ "AFI's 100 Years...100 Movie Quotes nomination" (PDF). American Film Institute. Archived (PDF) from the original on July 13, 2020. Retrieved August 29, 2015.
- ^ "50 Greatest Animated Characters". Archived from the original on June 30, 2020. Retrieved July 13, 2020.
- ^ "The 100 Greatest Movie Characters: Jessica Rabbit". Empire. December 5, 2006. Retrieved September 9, 2010.
- ^ "The 50 Best Animated Movie Characters: Jessica Rabbit". Empire. Archived from the original on September 24, 2015. Retrieved August 29, 2015.
- ^ "Daily Poll: Discuss past/current daily polls, and propose new polls Of all the Disney animated heroines, who was the most alluring?". Internet Movie Database. Archived from the original on April 5, 2015. Retrieved August 29, 2015.
- ^ a b "No Underwear Under There". Chicago Tribune. March 22, 1994. Archived from the original on November 14, 2013. Retrieved August 18, 2013.
- ^ Michael Fleming (March 14, 1994). "Jessica Rabbit revealed". Variety. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved November 4, 2008.
- ^ Mikkelson, David (August 6, 1996). "Who Stripped Jessica Rabbit". Snopes. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved January 22, 2021.
- ^ Adam Sandler (March 16, 1994). "Rabbit frames feed flap". Variety. Archived from the original on May 19, 2011. Retrieved November 4, 2008.