Mangarrayi (Manggarrai, Mungerry, Ngarrabadji) is an Australian language spoken in the Northern Territory. Its classification is uncertain. Margaret Sharpe originally sought to record the language but turned to the study of Alawa after the station owner where her informants lived denied her access, having tired of the presence of researchers on the property.[3]
| Mangarrayi | |
|---|---|
| Native to | Australia |
| Region | Northern Territory |
| Ethnicity | Mangarrayi |
Native speakers | 2 speakers[1] |
Macro-Gunwinyguan
| |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | mpc |
| Glottolog | mang1381 |
| AIATSIS[2] | N78 |
| ELP | Mangarrayi |
Speakers
editThe 2016 Australian Bureau of Statistics official census indicates that there are no speakers of Mangarrayi remaining, however elders Sheila Conway and Jessie Roberts are both speakers of Mangarrayi.[4] Conway continues to make an important contribution to language revitalization projects in the Jilkminggan community.
Phonology
editConsonants
edit| Peripheral | Laminal | Apical | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Labial | Velar | Palatal | Alveolar | Retroflex | ||
| Plosive | p | k | c | t | ʈ | ʔ |
| Nasal | m | ŋ | ɲ | n | ɳ | |
| Rhotic | ɾ | ɻ | ||||
| Lateral | l | ɭ | ||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
Vowels
edit| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| High | i | u | |
| Mid | e | o | |
| Low | a |
Vowels /i, u, e, o/ can have lax allophones of [ɪ, ʊ, ɛ, o̞].[5]
Numeric system
editMangarrayi has a number system that extends only to three.
Vocabulary
editCapell (1940) lists the following basic vocabulary items for Mungarai (Mangarayi):[6]
gloss Mungarai man malaṉ woman gaɖugu head gaia eye djib nose miliŋ mouth djäɽäb tongue djawi stomach daɽa bone dama blood guranjin kangaroo garawi opossum widjwidj crow wagwag fly mɔːdj sun ganjwar moon giidj fire damaia smoke gunburau water ŋogo
Notes and references
edit
Notes
edit- ^ ABS. "Census 2016, Language spoken at home by Sex (SA2+)". stat.data.abs.gov.au. Australian Bureau of Statistics. Retrieved 29 October 2017.
- ^ N78 Mangarrayi at the Australian Indigenous Languages Database, Australian Institute of Aboriginal and Torres Strait Islander Studies
- ^ Sharpe 2008, p. 61,n.2.
- ^ Big river country : stories from Elsey Station. Dirngayg, Amy., Merlan, Francesca. Alice Springs, NT: IAD Press. 1996. ISBN 9780949659927. OCLC 36270843.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: others (link) - ^ Merlan, Francesca (1989). Mangarayi. Routledge: London: Routledge.
- ^ Capell, Arthur. 1940. The Classification of Languages in North and North-West Australia. Oceania 10(3): 241-272, 404-433. doi:10.1002/j.1834-4461.1940.tb00292.x
References
edit- Sharpe, Margaret (2008). "Alawa and its Neighbours: Enigma Variations 1 and 2". In Bowern, Claire; Evans, Bethwyn; Miceli, Luisa (eds.). Morphology and Language History: In Honour of Harold Koch. John Benjamins Publishing. pp. 59–70. ISBN 978-9-027-24814-5.
- Bernard Comrie. 2013. Numeral Bases. In: Dryer, Matthew S. & Haspelmath, Martin (eds.) The World Atlas of Language Structures Online. Leipzig: Max Planck Institute for Evolutionary Anthropology. (Available online at http://wals.info/chapter/131, Accessed on 2017-04-27.)
- Jessie Garalnganyjak Roberts et al., 2011, Mangarrayi and Yangman plants and animals : Aboriginal biocultural knowledge from Elsey and the Roper River, north Australia, Darwin : Dept. of Natural Resources, Environment, the Arts and Sport : Diwurruwurru-Jaru Aboriginal Corp./Mimi Aboriginal Art & Craft
- Merlan, F., 1982, Mangarayi, Lingua Descriptive Series, vol. 4, Amsterdam