Central Pomo is an extinct Pomoan language spoken in Northern California. Pre-contact speakers of all the Pomoan languages have been estimated at 8,000 all together. This estimation was from the American anthropologist Alfred Kroeber.
| Central Pomo | |
|---|---|
| Native to | United States |
| Region | Northern California |
| Extinct | by 2000[1] |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | poo |
| Glottolog | cent2138 |
| ELP | Central Pomo |
 The seven Pomoan languages with an indication of their pre-contact distribution within California | |
"The Central Pomo language was traditionally spoken from the Russian River southwest of Clear Lake to the Pacific coast. There were settlements along the Russian River (in the southern Ukiah Valley, in Hopland Valley, and further south near the Sonoma County line), in the coastal region (at Manchester, Point Arena, and at the mouth of the Gualala River), and in the region between the two (around Yorkville and in Anderson Valley)."[2]
It has a consonant inventory that is identical to the related Southern Pomo language with the following exceptions:
Central Pomo distinguishes velar /k/, /kʰ/, /kʼ/ from uvular /q/, /qʰ/, /qʼ/. It lacks a non-ejective alveolar affricate (i.e., it does not have /ts/ as a phoneme), and does not have length, in the form of geminate root consonants, as found in Southern Pomo.
As of 2013, a transcription project of Central Pomo materials collected by J.P. Harrington is underway.[3]
Phonology
edit| Bilabial | Dental | Alveolar | Postalveolar | Palatal | Velar | Uvular | Glottal | |||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop | Voiced | b | d | |||||||
| Voiceless | Plain | p | t̪ | t | k | q | ʔ | |||
| Aspirated | pʰ | t̪ʰ | tʰ | kʰ | qʰ | |||||
| Ejective | pʼ | t̪ʼ | tʼ | kʼ | qʼ | |||||
| Affricate | Plain | t͡s | t͡ʃ | |||||||
| Aspirated | t͡ʃʰ | |||||||||
| Ejective | t͡sʼ | t͡ʃʼ | ||||||||
| Nasal | m | n | ||||||||
| Fricative | s | ʃ | h | |||||||
| Approximant | w | l | j | |||||||
| Front | Central | Back | ||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| short | long | short | long | short | long | |
| Close | i | iː | u | uː | ||
| Mid | e | eː | o | oː | ||
| Open | a | aː | ||||
/e/ may also be heard as [ɛ].[4]
References
edit- ^ Central Pomo at Ethnologue (23rd ed., 2020)
- ^ "Central Pomo". Survey of California and Other Indian Languages. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ^ "What matters to Lori Laiwa? Reviving her tribal language". UC Davis: Discover What Matters. Archived from the original on 2010-06-11. Retrieved 2013-01-14.
- ^ "PDF Central Pomo Lesson Plans - CIMCC" (PDF).
External links
edit- Central Pomo language overview at the Survey of California and Other Indian Languages
- Central Pomo basic lexicon at the Global Lexicostatistical Database
- OLAC resources in and about the Central Pomo language
- Central Pomo Lesson Plans - CIMCC )PDF]
- "Central Pomo". California Language Archive. Archived from the original on 2013-05-13. Retrieved 2013-01-14.