Iambulus or Jambulus (Ancient Greek: Ἰάμβουλος, Iamboulos) was an ancient Greek merchant and the likely author of a utopian novel about the strange forms and figures of the inhabitants of the "Islands of the Sun". His name seems not to be Greek and reveals a Semitic or an Arabic origin.[1][2]
His work did not survive in the original, but only as a fragment in Diodorus Siculus' Bibliotheca historica (II, 55–60).[3] Diodorus, who seems only to have transcribed lambulus in his description of the Indians, relates that lambulus was made a slave by the Ethiopians, and sent by them to a happy island in the eastern seas, where he acquired his knowledge. The whole account, however, has the appearance of a fiction, and the description which lambulus gave of the east, which he had probably never seen, consisted of nothing but fabulous absurdities.[4]
Iambulus is mentioned in the satirical novel A True Story by Lucian as writing "a lot of surprising things about the Atlantic Ocean".[5] He is listed in the preface as an inspiration. Lucian remarks that Iambulus's stories were obviously untrue, but not unpleasant for that. A True Story is presented as a satire of such accounts as those of Iambulus and Ctesias, an author who wrote an account of India in the 5th century BC that was similarly full of wild claims, like human beings with one gigantic foot they used as umbrellas against sun far more blazingly hot than was known in the West.
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Retso, Jan (July 4, 2013). The Arabs in Antiquity: Their History from the Assyrians to the Umayyads. Routledge. ISBN 9781136872891. OCLC 1120737717.
A similar story was composed somewhat later by a certain Iambulus. His name looks Semitic and even Arabic
- ^ Baldassarri, Mariano (April–June 1963). "Intorno all'utopia di Giambulo". Rivista di Filosofia Neo-Scolastica (in Italian). 65 (2). Vita e Pensiero: 303–333. JSTOR 43060194. OCLC 908485359.
Ora, che Giambulo fosse semita di nascita, sembra sufficientemente..
and the first part of the article (JSTOR 43060194). - ^ The Library of History of Diodorus Siculus II, 55-60
- ^
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Schmitz, Leonhard (1870). "Iambulus". In Smith, William (ed.). Dictionary of Greek and Roman Biography and Mythology. Vol. 2. p. 550.
- ^ True History, page 3
Further reading
edit- Fernandez Robbio, Matías S. (2010). "La travesía de Yambulo por las Islas del Sol (D.S., II.55-60). Introducción a su estudio, traducción y notas". MORUS – Utopia e Renascimento. 7: 27–41.
- Rose, H. J. (1939). "The date of Jambulus". The Classical Quarterly. 33: 9–10. doi:10.1017/S0009838800020309. S2CID 171081187.
- Winston, David (1976). "Iambulus' Island of the Sun and Hellenistic Literary Utopias". Science-Fiction Studies. 3: 219–227.
- "True History & Lucius or The Ass" by Lucian, translated by Paul Turner, Indiana University Press, 1974.
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