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Iraq War order of battle, 2009

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Below is an estimated list of the major units deployed within the Multi-National Force – Iraq and other United States military units that were operating in Iraq under the U.S. Central Command (USCENTCOM) in 2009, during the Iraq War.

A U.S. Army officer from the 4th Infantry Division with an Iraqi policeman in January 2009.

In military science terminology, the description of the units involved in an operation is known as the order of battle (ORBAT). NATO and the U.S. Department of Defense define the order of battle as the identification, strength, command structure, and disposition of the personnel, units, and equipment of any military force.

From September 2008 to 31 December 2009, the overall military commander in Iraq was General Raymond T. Odierno, Commander, Multi-National Force - Iraq (MNF-I) who reported to United States Central Command. MNF-I replaced Combined Joint Task Force 7 in May 2004. MNF-I consisted of Multi-National Corps - Iraq, Multi-National Security Transition Command - Iraq (MNSTC-I), and the Joint Contracting Command, Iraq/Afghanistan (JCCIA).

On January 1, 2010, Multi-National Force Iraq became United States Forces - Iraq / Kurdistan Region.

Special Operations Task Forces

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A U.S. Marine Corps canine handler in June 2009.
 
A U.S. Army mortar team from the 21st Infantry Regiment in June 2009.
 
U.S. Army soldiers from the 445th Civil Affairs Battalion with Iraqi children in July 2009.

There is a distinction in U.S. military terms between the troops of Multinational Force-Iraq and forces which fall directly under CENTCOM's control but are in Iraq also. There are two special operations task forces operating in Iraq, Task Force 77 and CJSOTF-AP. Though TF 77, a 'black' force, does not answer to MNF-Iraq, it is included here for the sake of completeness of the U.S. forces operating within Iraq. TF 77 was under the command of the Joint Special Operations Command and its principal mission was to hunt down the leaders of al-Qaeda in Iraq (AQI).[1]

The second force, which appears to be separate from TF 77, is the Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force-Arabian Peninsula (CJSOTF-AP). CJSOTF-AP is a "white", or unclassified, special operations task force that as of 2008 was always organized around the headquarters of either 5th Special Forces Group or 10th Special Forces Group.[4] Combined Joint Special Operations Task Force-Arabian Peninsula (CJSOTF-AP), itself answers to Special Operations Command Central.

Order of battle as of 2009

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Unless otherwise noted, all units were U.S. in origin. This order of battle extends to battalion level and lists maneuver units only; artillery, support, special operations, and advisory units are not listed. Many brigade combat teams (BCTs) lent battalions to other BCTs during the course of their deployments, giving them "operational control" of those units. In such cases, the battalion's name is followed by "OPCON." Many higher-echelon units have two or more designations, often the formal unit around which the formation is based and then the name of the provisional task force; in these cases, both names are included, separated by a slash. Units were stationed at a variety of bases, including Forward Operating Bases (FOB), Contingency Operating Bases (COB) and Joint Security Stations (JSS).

Multi-National Corps - Iraq

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(General Raymond Odierno)—Camp Victory, Baghdad

  • Multi-National Corps Iraq/I Corps (Lieutenant General Charles H. Jacoby Junior)[5][6] Was based at Camp Victory (primary component of the Victory Base Complex), north of Baghdad International Airport, and directed the following division-sized formations:
  • 32nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (32nd IBCT), Wisconsin Army National Guard (Colonel Steven Bensend)[7]
    • Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC), 32nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team (32nd IBCT)—International Zone, Joint Area Support Group–Central
    • 2nd Battalion, 127th Infantry Regiment—rear area security, Camp Bucca, Iraq[8]
    • 1st Battalion, 128th Infantry Regiment, Camp Cropper, Iraq
    • 1st Battalion, 120th Field Artillery Regiment (1-120th FAR), Camp Cropper, Iraq
    • 1st Squadron, 105th Cavalry Regiment, Camp Bucca, Iraq
    • 132nd Brigade Support Battalion (132nd BSB)—rear area security, Camp Bucca, Iraq
    • Brigade Special Troops Battalion (BSTB)
  • 155th Brigade Combat Team (155th ABCT) (Colonel William L. Glasgow)— conducted base defense, force protection, personal protection and convoy escort security missions throughout Iraq
    • Headquarters, 155th ABCT
    • 106th Brigade Support Battalion (106th BSB)
    • 155th Brigade Special Troops Battalion (155th BSTB)
      • 2nd Squadron, 107th Cavalry Regiment, Troops Bravo and Charlie (OHARNG) - Camp Taji
    • 2nd Battalion, 114th Field Artillery Regiment (2-114th FAR)
    • 1st Battalion, 155th Infantry Regiment (Joint Base Balad)
    • 1st Battalion, 98th Cavalry Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion, 198th Combined Arms Battalion (2-198th CAB)
  • 29th Brigade Combat Team (29th BCT), Hawaii Army National Guard (Colonel Bruce E. Oliveira)[9]
    • Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC), 29th Brigade Combat Team (29th BCT)—Camp Arifjan, Kuwait
    • 29th Brigade Special Troops Battalion (29th BSTB)
    • 29th Brigade Support Battalion (29th BSB)
    • 1st Squadron, 299th Cavalry Regiment—Camp Virginia, Kuwait[10]
    • 1st Battalion, 487th Field Artillery Regiment (1-487th FAR)
    • 1st Battalion, 184th Infantry Regiment (Air Assault) Al Saqr-Camp Falcon, Baghdad. Patrolled the most dangerous part of Downtown Baghdad Al Dora, Karada Street, Horajab, Al Sadr City.
    • 100th Battalion, 442nd Infantry Regiment (Army Reserve)—Camp Arifjan, Kuwait[10]
  • 41st Infantry Brigade Combat Team (41st IBCT), Oregon Army National Guard (Colonel Daniel R. Hokanson)—Camp Victory, Baghdad[11]
    • 2nd Battalion, 162nd Infantry Regiment
    • 1st Battalion, 186th Infantry Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion, 218th Field Artillery Regiment (2-218th FAR)
    • 41st Special Troops Battalion
    • 141st Support Battalion
    • 1st Squadron, 82nd Cavalry Regiment

Multi-National Division Baghdad

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U.S. Army soldiers from the 1st Cavalry Division mine-sweeping near a Baghdad highway in October 2009.

1st Cavalry Division (Major General Daniel P. Bolger)—Camp Victory, Baghdad
Also known as Task Force Baghdad, this division headquarters was provided by the 1st Cavalry Division. The division's area of responsibility (AOR) was the city of Baghdad. MND-B headquarters was previously provided by Headquarters 1st Armored Division (2003–2004), Headquarters 1st Cavalry Division (2004), Headquarters 3rd Infantry Division (2004–2005), Headquarters 4th Infantry Division (2005–2006) and Headquarters 1st Cavalry Division (2006–2007), Headquarters 4th Infantry Division (2007–2009), Headquarters 1st Cavalry Division (2009–2010).

  • 1st BCT, 1st Cavalry Division (Colonel Tobin Green)
    • 2nd Battalion, 5th Cavalry Regiment
    • 1st Squadron, 7th Cavalry Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment
    • 1st Battalion, 82nd Field Artillery Regiment (1-82nd FAR)
    • 115th Brigade Support Battalion (115th BSB)
    • 1st Brigade Special Troops Battalion (1st BSTB)—Joint Security Station War Eagle
  • 56th Stryker Brigade Combat Team (56th SBCT), 28th Infantry Division, Pennsylvania Army National Guard (Colonel Marc Ferraro)—Camp Taji, Taji[12]
    • 1st Battalion, 111th Infantry Regiment, [Tarmiyah, Iraq]
    • 1st Battalion, 112th Infantry Regiment
    • 2nd Squadron 104th Cavalry Regiment
    • 328th Brigade Support Battalion (328th BSB)
    • 856th Engineer Company
    • 1st Battalion, 108th Field Artillery Regiment (1-108th FAR)
    • D Company (Anti-Tank), 112th Infantry Regiment
    • 656th Signal Company
    • 556th Military Intelligence Company (556th MIC)
 
A U.S. Army officer from the 1st Infantry Division with Iraqi soldiers in March 2009.
 
A U.S. Army officer from the 82nd Airborne Division in March 2009.
 
A U.S. Army soldier from the 82nd Airborne Division with an Iraqi child in August 2009.
  • 3rd BCT, 82nd Airborne Division (Colonel Timothy McGuire)—FOB Loyalty, Baghdad [15]
    • 1st Battalion, 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment (1-505th PIR)
    • 2nd Battalion, 505th Parachute Infantry Regiment (2-505th PIR)
    • 5th Squadron, 73rd Cavalry Regiment
    • 1st Battalion, 319th Field Artillery Regiment (1-319th FAR)
    • 3rd Brigade Special Troops Battalion (3rd BSTB)
    • 82nd Brigade Support Battalion (82nd BSB)
    • 1st Battalion, 5th Cavalry Regiment (OPCON from 2nd BCT, 1st Cavalry Division)—FOB War Eagle [16]
  • 1st Air Cavalry Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division (Colonel Douglas Gabram)—Camp Taji, Iraq [17]
    • Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC)
    • 1st Battalion, 227th Aviation Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion, 227th Aviation Regiment
    • 3rd Battalion, 227th Aviation Regiment
    • 4th Battalion, 227th Aviation Regiment
    • 615th Aviation Support Battalion (615th ASB)
    • 1-64th Armor Battalion, 2nd Brigade, 3rd Infantry Division

Multi-National Division South

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34th Infantry Division - (Major General Rick C. Nash)—Contingency Operating Base Basra [18]
Multi-National Division South, also known as Task Force Mountain, assisted the Iraqi Armed Forces with security in the area south of Baghdad ranging from Najaf to Wasit provinces extending to Basra. MND-South headquarters was provided by the 10th Mountain Division (Light) from Fort Drum, New York. The areas south of Baghdad were previously organized into Multi-National Division-Center, under U.S. leadership, and Multi-National Division (South East), which was provided by the British Army. The areas were merged into MND-South on March 31, 2009, to reflect the departure of the UK from Iraq.[19] MND-Center took in portions of the area previously controlled by the long-disbanded Polish-led Multi-National Division Central-South.

The 34th Division transferred control of MND/USD-South to the 1st Infantry Division on February 2, 2010.

[26]

    • 2nd Battalion, 285th Aviation Regiment (1st Assault Battalion, 285th Aviation Regiment, AZARNG-REDHAWKS)(LTC Bush)

Multi-National Division North

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A U.S. Army soldier from the 25th Infantry Division with Iraqi children in March 2009.
 
U.S. Army soldiers from the 25th Infantry Division demonstrating warfare maneuvers before Iraqi soldiers in September 2009.

25th Infantry Division/TF Lightning (Major General Robert L. Caslen Jr.)[27]—COB Speicher, Tikrit

This division headquarters was provided by the 25th Infantry Division and was also known as Task Force Lightning. Its area of responsibility included the cities of Balad, Kirkuk, Tikrit, Mosul, and Samarra. It was based at Contingency Operating Base Speicher outside Tikrit, where one of its brigades was also stationed. It also had one brigade based in Mosul, one in Kirkuk, one at Taji, and one in Baqubah.

  • 2nd BCT, 1st Cavalry Division (Colonel Ryan F. Gonsalves)—FOB Warrior, Kirkuk
    • 4th Squadron, 9th Cavalry Regiment
    • 1st Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment
    • 3rd Battalion, 82nd Field Artillery Regiment (3-82nd FAR)
    • 15th Brigade Support Battalion (15th BSB)
    • 2nd Brigade Special Troops Battalion (2nd BSTB)
  • 3rd BCT, 1st Cavalry Division (Colonel Gary Volesky)—FOB Marez, Mosul [28]
    • 6th Squadron, 9th Cavalry Regiment
    • 3rd Battalion, 8th Cavalry Regiment
    • 1st Battalion, 12th Cavalry Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion, 82nd Field Artillery Regiment (2-82nd FAR)
    • 215th Brigade Support Battalion (215th BSB)
    • 3rd Brigade Special Troops Battalion (3rd BSTB)
    • 1st Battalion, 67th Armor Regiment (Lieutenant Colonel Casey) (OPCON from 2nd BCT, 4th Infantry Division)—Mosul [22]
  • 3rd SBCT, 2nd Infantry Division (Colonel David Funk)—FOB Warhorse, Diyala province, Iraq [29]
    • 1st Battalion, 23rd Infantry Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion, 3rd Infantry Regiment
    • 5th Battalion, 20th Infantry Regiment
    • 1st Squadron, 14th Cavalry Regiment
    • 1st Battalion, 37th Field Artillery Regiment (1-37th FAR)
    • 296th Brigade Support Battalion (296th BSB)
    • Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC), 3rd SBCT
    • 334th Signal Company
    • 209th Military Intelligence Company (209th MIC)
    • 18th Engineer Company
    • Charlie Company, 52nd Infantry Regiment (Anti-Tank)
  • 3rd BCT, 25th Infantry Division (Colonel Walter E. Piatt)—COB Speicher, Tikrit [30]
    • 2nd Battalion 27th Infantry Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion 35th Infantry Regiment
    • 3rd Special Troops Battalion
    • 3rd Battalion 7th Field Artillery Regiment (3-7th FAR)
    • 3rd Squadron (RSTA), 4th Cavalry Regiment
    • 325th Brigade Support Battalion (325th BSB)
  • 10th Combat Aviation Brigade (10th CAB) (Colonel Erik C. Peterson)—COB Speicher, Tikrit[31]
    • Headquarters and Headquarters Company (HHC), 10th Aviation Brigade
    • 277th Aviation Support Battalion (277th ASB)
    • 6th Squadron, 6th Cavalry Regiment
    • 1st Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment
    • 3rd Battalion, 10th Aviation Regiment
    • 1st Attack Reconnaissance Battalion (1st ARB)

Multi-National Force West

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The seal of Multi-National Force West.

II Marine Expeditionary Force (Forward) (Major General Richard T. Tryon) — Al Asad Airbase[32]

This formation headquarters was provided by the II Marine Expeditionary Force (Forward). It covered western Iraq, including Al Anbar Governorate and the cities of Ramadi and Fallujah, the area where Iraq's Sunni insurgency was at its strongest. Headquartered first at Camp Fallujah and then at Al Asad Airbase.

  • Regimental Combat Team 6 (RCT 6) (Colonel Matthew A. Lopez) — Camp Ramadi
  • Regimental Combat Team 8 (RCT 8) (Colonel John K. Love) — Al Asad Air Base
  • II MEF Headquarters Group (Forward) (Colonel Scott D. Aiken)
  • Combat Logistics Regiment 27 (CLR 27) (Forward) (Colonel Vincent A. Coglianese)—Camp Al Taqaddum with detachments in Ramadi, Baharia, Al Asad and Sahl Sinjar
    • Combat Logistics Battalion 4 (CLB 4)
    • Combat Logistics Battalion 46 (CLB 46)
    • 2nd Supply Battalion
    • Naval Mobile Construction Battalion 24 (NMCB 24)
  • 2nd Marine Aircraft Wing (2nd MAW) (Forward) (Brigadier General Robert S. Walsh)—Al Asad with detachments at Korean Village, Al Taqaddum, Al Qaim and other locations throughout the Al Anbar Province
    • Marine Wing Headquarters Squadron 2 (MWHS 2)
    • Marine Air Control Group 28 (MACG 28)
    • Marine Unmanned Aerial Vehicle Squadron 2 (VMU-2)
    • Marine Wing Support Squadron 271 (MWSS 271)
    • Marine Tactical Air Command Squadron 28 (MTACS 28)
    • Marine Air Support Squadron 1 (MASS 1)
    • Marine Air Control Squadron 2 (MACS 2)
    • Marine Air Control Squadron 24 (MACS 24)
    • Marine Wing Communications Squadron 28 (MWCS 28)
  • Marine Aircraft Group 26 (MAG 26)
    • Marine Light Attack Helicopter Squadron 269 (HMLA-269)
    • Marine Aviation Logistics Squadron 26 (MALS 26)
    • Marine Medium Helicopter Squadron 268 (HMM-268)
    • Marine Heavy Helicopter Squadron 462 (HMH-462)
    • Company C, 5th Battalion, 158th Aviation Regiment (OPCON from 12th Combat Aviation Brigade)
    • Company B, 1st Battalion, 214th Aviation Regiment (OPCON from 12th Combat Aviation Brigade)
    • Marine Aerial Refueler Transport Squadron 252 (VMGR-252)
    • Marine Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron 3 (VMAQ-3)
    • Marine Tactical Electronic Warfare Squadron 4 (VMAQ-4)
    • Marine Fighter Attack Squadron 314 (VMFA-314)

3rd Sustainment Command (Expeditionary)

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The 3rd Sustainment Command (Expeditionary) was the senior logistics command under Multi-National Corps-Iraq in support of Operation Iraqi Freedom 08-10.[33] Its headquarters was located at Joint Base Balad.

Located approximately 40 miles north of Baghdad, Joint Base Balad was home to the headquarters of the U.S. Air Force's 332nd Air Expeditionary Wing. It was formerly known as Logistics Support Area Anaconda, the largest army supply center in Iraq.

Training

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Multi-National Security Transition Command - Iraq also played an important role.

United States Naval Forces in Iraq

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The U.S. Navy Riverine Squadrons are elements of the Navy Expeditionary Combat Command (NECC) which took an active part in land operations in support of the Army and Marine units. According to the Navy: "The Navy's Riverine force focuses on conducting Maritime Security Operations and Theater Security Cooperation in a riverine area of operations or other suitable area. The force is capable of combating enemy riverine forces by applying fires directly, or by coordinating supporting fires. It will share battle space with the other Services in an effort to close the seams in Doctrine, Tactics, Techniques, and Procedures, and Command, Control, Communications, Computers, Intelligence, Surveillance and Reconnaissance."[34]

Three riverine squadrons were active in the U.S. Navy, all under the command of Riverine Group 1, located in Norfolk, Virginia. Riverine Squadron 1 (RIVRON 1) deployed to Iraq in April 2007 and was relieved by Riverine Squadron 2 (RIVRON 2) in October 2007.[35] Riverine Squadron 3 (RIVRON 3) was established in July 2007[36] and they relieved RIVRON 2 when their deployment was completed in April 2008. Also deployed to Iraq, but was in support of CJSOTF-AP and TF-77, was Combat Camera Group Pacific/Atlantic. This unit provided highly trained combat photographers who integrated with SEAL Teams and Special Forces Operational Detachment-Alpha (ODA) Teams in order to provide intelligence collection and combat documentation.

Deployments in Autumn 2009-2010

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  • 4th Brigade, 2nd Infantry Division [37]
    • 4th Battalion, 9th Infantry Regiment
    • 2nd Battalion, 23rd Infantry Regiment
    • 1st Battalion, 38th Infantry Regiment
    • 2nd Squadron, 1st Cavalry Regiment (RSTA)
    • 2nd Battalion, 12th Field Artillery Regiment (2-12th FAR)
    • 702nd Brigade Support Battalion (702nd BSB)
    • Brigade Special Troops Battalion (BSTB)
  • 3rd Infantry Division Headquarters [38]
  • 1st Infantry Division Headquarters[38]
  • 1st Armored Division Headquarters [38]
  • 1st Brigade Combat Team, 1st Armored Division [38]
  • 1st and 2nd Brigade Combat Teams, 10th Mountain Division [38]
  • 1st, 2nd and 3rd Brigade Combat Teams, 3rd Infantry Division [38]
  • 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 4th Infantry Division [38]
  • 53rd Brigade Combat Team, Florida Army National Guard [38]
  • 747th Military Police Company, Massachusetts Army National Guard

Other countries contributing to MNF-I

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United Kingdom

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The British Armed Forces was the second-largest contributor of foreign troops to Iraq, behind the United States. The British Army commanded the former Multi-National Division (South-East) (Iraq), which included UK, Italian, Australian, Romanian, Danish, Portuguese, Czech, and Lithuanian troops. However, the UK turned over command to the United States on March 31, 2009, and were in the process of withdrawing the 4,100 UK personnel based in and around Basra, leaving behind just 400 by the end of July 2009.[39] 20th Armoured Brigade commanded the British forces in Iraq, which were then attached the U.S.-led Multi-National Division South.[40]

Australia

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The Australian Defence Force had about 100 personnel providing security for the Australian Embassy in Baghdad. Known as Joint Task Force 633, it consisted mainly of infantry, cavalry, military police and combat service support personnel from the Darwin-based 5th Battalion, the Royal Australian Regiment and 2nd Cavalry Regiment. The ADF also had 45 personnel embedded in various coalition headquarters and contributes two officers to the United Nations Assistance Mission for Iraq (UNAMI).[41]

Romania

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The Romanian Armed Forces had one battalion deployed to Iraq. The 26th Infantry Battalion "Neagoe Basarab", also known as the Red Scorpions, based at Contingency Operating Base Adder, part of Tallil Air Base, near Nasiriyah, was attached to the 4th BCT, 1st Cavalry Division and performed convoy and infrastructure guard missions. The battalion was withdrawn from early June 2009.[42]

NATO Training Mission – Iraq

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The NATO Training Mission – Iraq was not a combat mission but was focused on training and mentoring the Iraqi Armed Forces and the Iraqi Police.[43] It was supported and funded by all 28 NATO nations, and 14 nations had staff in theater as of January 2009, including Bulgaria, Denmark, Estonia, Hungary, Italy, Lithuania, Netherlands, Poland, Romania, Slovenia, Turkey, the United Kingdom, and the United States. Ukraine participated alongside these nations, though it is not a member of NATO.[44]

See also

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References

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Notes
  1. ^ Army Times, SF presence may grow in combat areas, February 2008
  2. ^ Sean Naylor, Closing in on Zarqawi, Army Times, May 8, 2006
  3. ^ Thomas Harding, SAS trooper shot dead in al-Qa'eda raid, The Telegraph, March 27, 2008
  4. ^ SF presence may grow in combat areas, 2008
  5. ^ I Corps Soldiers relieve Fort Bragg troops, Multi-National Corps – Iraq Public Affairs Office, April 4, 2009
  6. ^ "mnf-iraq.com". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  7. ^ Lt. Col. Tim Donovan, Halfway point in Iraq: Around the 32nd Brigade Archived 2009-09-10 at the Wayback Machine, 32nd Infantry Brigade Combat Team PAO, September 7, 2009
  8. ^ "DVIDS - News - 1-102 Cavalry takes over FOB Bucca headquarters mission". DVIDS. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  9. ^ "4th Sustainment Brigade Conducts Battle Handoff" (Press release). U.S. Department of Defense. 2008-12-13. Retrieved 2009-04-26.
  10. ^ a b Gregg K. Kakesako, High-tech training benefits isle Guard[permanent dead link‍], Honolulu Star-Bulletin, October 21, 2008
  11. ^ "Texas Arrowhead Soldiers Bid 'adios' As 41st Infantry Brigade Combat Team Takes Reins" (Press release). Story Multi-National Corps – Baghdad PAO. 2009-08-01. Retrieved 2009-08-31.
  12. ^ "'Independence Brigade' Assumes Mission North of Baghdad" (Press release). Multi-National Corps – Baghdad PAO. 2006-02-24. Retrieved 2009-04-16.
  13. ^ "DVIDS - News - Dagger Brigade replaces Strike Brigade during Transfer of Authority ceremony". DVIDS. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  14. ^ Sgt. Daniel Nichols, Relief in Place Begins Between Iron Brigade and Old Hickory, 2nd BCT, 1AD PAO, May 9, 2009
  15. ^ "mnf-iraq.com". Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  16. ^ 2nd Lt. Scott Lewis, Black Knights Assume Mission in Adhamiyah, Multi-National Division - Baghdad Public Affairs Office, February 13, 2009
  17. ^ Sgt. Alun Thomas, 1st Air Cavalry Brigade Takes to the Skies Over Baghdad, 1st Air Cavalry Brigade, 1st Cavalry Division Public Affairs, June 3, 2009
  18. ^ By Teri Weaver, 34th ID takes over civil mission in Basra, Stars and Stripes, May 22, 2009
  19. ^ British withdrawal from Basra begins Archived 2011-06-08 at the Wayback Machine, United Kingdom Ministry of Defense, April 1, 2009
  20. ^ "Romanian 'Red Scorpions' assume authority from 'White Sharks'" (Press release). Story 4th Brigade Combat Team, 1st Cavalry Division PAO. March 10, 2009. Retrieved 2009-04-16.
  21. ^ "Vanguard Bde transfers authority to 172nd Infantry Bde" (Press release). Story Multi-National Corps – Iraq PAO. 2008-12-26. Retrieved 2009-04-16.
  22. ^ a b 2nd Brigade Combat Team Public Affairs Office, Warhorse brigade moves to Basra, Warhorse Rider, May 2009
  23. ^ 1st Lt. Christopher Dunphy, 17th Fires Brigade Assumes Command in Basra, DVIDS, August 27, 2009
  24. ^ Sgt. Matthew Jones, Pennsylvania National Guard's 28th Combat Aviation Brigade Assumes Authority of Multi-National Division - South Aviation Operations, 28th CAB Public Affairs Office, May 12, 2009
  25. ^ Sgt. Matthew Jones, Task Force Keystone Departs for Kuwait, 28th CAB Public Affairs Office, April 11, 2009
  26. ^ 12th Combat Aviation Brigade History (www.12cab.army.mil/About-Us/Our-History/) 1st Battalion, 130th Aviation Regiment, Attack Reconnaissance Battalion
  27. ^ "1st Armored Division begins mission in Iraq" (Press release). Story Multi-National Corps – Iraq PAO. 2006-09-15. Retrieved 2008-01-11.[permanent dead link‍]
  28. ^ "Fort Hood units transfer authority during at FOB Marez" (Press release). Story Multi-National Corps – Iraq PAO. 2009-01-19. Archived from the original on 2009-02-11. Retrieved 2009-04-16.
  29. ^ 1st Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 25th Infantry Division hands over Diyala Province to 3rd Stryker Brigade Combat Team, 2nd Infantry Division, Multi-National Division – North PAO, September 14, 2009
  30. ^ "Broncos Replace Screaming Eagles in Iraq" (Press release). Story 3rd Brigade Combat Team, 25th Infantry Division PAO. 2008-11-24. Retrieved 2009-04-16.
  31. ^ Sarah M. Rivette, Aviation brigade heading to Iraq Archived 2011-07-24 at the Wayback Machine, Watertown Daily Times, October 5, 2008
  32. ^ "MULTI NATIONAL FORCE – WEST FACT SHEET - OIF 09-01 (Accurate as of 30 June 2009)" (PDF). Archived from the original (PDF) on 6 August 2009. Retrieved 9 August 2009.
  33. ^ "3rd Sustainment Command (Expeditionary) transfers authority to 13th Sustainment Command (Expeditionary)".
  34. ^ "U.S. Navy Expeditionary Combat Command: "Riverine: About Us"". Archived from the original on 2008-03-24. Retrieved 2008-06-15.
  35. ^ This story was written Mass Communication Specialist Seaman John Suits, Fleet Public Affairs Center Atlantic. "RIVRON 1 Sailors Return Home". Archived from the original on 22 May 2011. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  36. ^ Matthew D. Leistikow. "NECC Establishes Riverine Squadron 3". Archived from the original on 12 September 2007. Retrieved 26 December 2014.
  37. ^ "DoD Announces Units for Next Operation Iraqi Freedom Rotation" (Press release). U.S. Department of Defense. 2009-03-02. Retrieved 2009-04-19.
  38. ^ a b c d e f g h "DoD Announces Upcoming Operation Iraqi Freedom Rotation" (Press release). U.S. Department of Defense. 2009-07-14. Retrieved 2009-07-14.
  39. ^ Change in coalition command structure in southern Iraq Archived 2009-04-17 at the Wayback Machine, UK Ministry of Defence, March 31, 2009
  40. ^ Operations in Iraq: British Forces in Iraq Archived 2009-04-17 at the Wayback Machine, UK Ministry of Defence, December 1, 2008
  41. ^ Global Operations Archived 2009-04-10 at the Wayback Machine, Australian Department of Defence, April 20, 2009.
  42. ^ "Defense.gov News Article: Romanian Forces End Mission in Iraq". archive.defense.gov. Retrieved 2019-06-09.[permanent dead link‍]
  43. ^ NATO’s assistance to Iraq, NATO Web site, January 2009
  44. ^ NATO Training Mission - Iraq participating nations Archived 2011-09-27 at the Wayback Machine, NATO Web site, January 2009
Bibliography
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