Iris tuberosa (formerly Hermodactylus tuberosus) is a species of tuberous flowering plant of the genus Iris, with the common names snake's-head,[4] snake's-head iris,[5] widow iris, black iris, or velvet flower-de-luce.
| Iris tuberosa | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Kingdom: | Plantae |
| Clade: | Tracheophytes |
| Clade: | Angiosperms |
| Clade: | Monocots |
| Order: | Asparagales |
| Family: | Iridaceae |
| Genus: | Iris |
| Subgenus: | Iris subg. Hermodactyloides |
| Section: | Iris sect. Reticulatae |
| Species: | I. tuberosa
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| Binomial name | |
| Iris tuberosa | |
| Synonyms[1][2][3] | |
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Synonyms of Iris tuberosa
Synonyms of Iris tuberosa var. tuberosa
Synonyms of Iris tuberosa var. longifolia (Sweet) ined.
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Distribution
editA native of the Mediterranean region, it is found in the northern Mediterranean littoral and western Europe.[6]
Cultivation
editIt is grown from tubers planted in the autumn. It grows best in full sun to partial shade, and requires well-drained soil. It can naturalise in grassy areas but grows well in rock gardens or containers.[8] It is a common ornamental garden plant, flowering in early spring. It is rather tender in the UK.[9]
Taxonomic history
editAfter being split off from the genus Iris in the nineteenth century into a separate genus,[10] Hermodactylus, it has most recently been returned to the genus Iris,[11][12] following molecular studies at Kew.[13] According to the proposed molecular classification of irises of Tillie, Chase and Hall,[13] this species is now best seen as a member of the subgenus Hermodactyloides, the reticulate-bulbed bulbous irises.
References
edit- ^ GBIF: Hermodactylus tuberosus
- ^ "Iris tuberosa var. longifolia (Sweet) ined". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
- ^ "Iris tuberosa var. tuberosa". Plants of the World Online. Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew. Retrieved 12 May 2022.
- ^ Thomas Ignatius M. Forster (1828)Circle of the seasons, and perpetual key to the calendar and almanack, p. 162, at Google Books
- ^ BSBI List 2007 (xls). Botanical Society of Britain and Ireland. Archived from the original (xls) on 2015-06-26. Retrieved 2014-10-17.
- ^ "Plants Profile - Hermodactylus tuberosus (L.) Salisb. (Iridaceae) - Bellavedova - Widow Iris". luirig.altervista.org. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
- ^ "Iris tuberosa L. | Plants of the World Online | Kew Science". Plants of the World Online. Retrieved 2021-09-24.
- ^ Paghat's Garden Paghat's Garden: Snake's-head or Widow Iris
- ^ Caledonian Horticultural Society, Edinburgh Memoirs, Volume 3 (1823), p. 251, at Google Books
- ^ David Joyce: The Genus Iris
- ^ Pacific Bulb Society
- ^ "Is It Clear, My Friend?". Royal Botanic Gardens, Kew: World Checklist of Selected Plant Families. Retrieved 3 Sep 2011.
- ^ a b Tillie N, Chase MW, Hall T. 2002 Molecular studies in the genus Iris L.: a preliminary study. Ann. Bot. n.s. (Italy) 1. (2): 105–112 (2001)
Bibliography
edit
- Telegraph: How to grow Hermodactylus
- Manning, John; Goldblatt, Peter (2008). The Iris Family: Natural History & Classification. Portland, Oregon: Timber Press. pp. 204–207. ISBN 978-0-88192-897-6.
- Goldblatt, P., (1990) Phylogeny and classification of Iridaceae. Ann. Missouri Bot. Gard. 77:607-627.
- Reeves, G., Chase, M.W., Goldblatt, P., Rudall, P., Fay, M.F., Cox, A.V., LeJeune, B., & Souza-Chies, T., (2001). Molecular systematics of Iridaceae: Evidence from four plastid DNA regions. Am. J. Bot. 88:2074-2087.
- Iridaceae: in L. Watson and M.J. Dallwitz (1992 onwards). The families of flowering plants: descriptions, illustrations, identification, information retrieval Archived 2007-10-12 at the Wayback Machine