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Italian cruiser Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta

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For the pre-dreadnought battleship, see Italian battleship Emanuele Filiberto. For other uses, see Emmanuel Philibert of Savoy (disambiguation).

Emanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta was an Italian light cruiser of the fourth group of the Condottieri-class, that served in the Regia Marina during World War II. She survived the war, but was ceded as war reparation to the Soviet Navy in 1949. She was finally renamed Kerch and served in the Black Sea Fleet until the 1960s.

History
Italy
NameEmanuele Filiberto Duca d'Aosta
NamesakePrince Emanuele Filiberto, Duke of Aosta
BuilderO.T.O., Livorno
Laid down29 October 1932
Launched22 April 1934
Commissioned13 July 1935
FateCeded to the Soviet Union as war reparation, March 1949
Soviet Union
NameKerch
Acquired2 March 1949
Commissioned30 March 1949[1]
Stricken20 February 1959
FateScrapped
General characteristics
Class and typeCondottieri-class cruiser
Displacement
  • 8,450 t (8,317 long tons) standard
  • 10,539 t (10,373 long tons) full load
Length186.9 m (613 ft 2 in)
Beam17.5 m (57 ft 5 in)
Draught6.1 m (20 ft 0 in)
Propulsion
  • 2 shaft Belluzzo/Parsons geared turbines
  • 6 Yarrow boilers
  • 110,000 hp (82,027 kW)
Speed36.5 knots (67.6 km/h; 42.0 mph)
Range3,900 nmi (7,200 km) at 14 knots (26 km/h; 16 mph)
Complement578
Armament
Armour
Aircraft carried2 or 3 Ro.43 floatplanes
Aviation facilities1 catapult

Design

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Duca d'Aosta was the namesake of the fourth subclass of Condottieri light cruisers. The design of the Duca d'Aostas derived from the preceding Montecuccoli class, with a slight increase in size and a significant increase in armour. The machinery was also re-arranged.

Duca d'Aosta was built by OTO, Livorno and was named after Emanuele Filiberto, 2nd Duke of Aosta, an Italian Field Marshal of World War I.

Career

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The ship joined the 7th Cruiser Division. Duca d'Aosta took part actively of the Italian intervention in the Spanish Civil War, when the cruiser shelled the port of Valencia on 15 February 1937.[2] In 1938 departed on a circumnavigation with her sister-ship, Eugenio Di Savoia. The deteriorating world political situation caused this to be cut short after visits to the Caribbean and South America, and the ships returned La Spezia in March 1939.

World War II

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At the Italian entry into the war, Duca d'Aosta was part of the 2nd Cruiser Squadron and participated in the Battle of Punta Stilo between 6–10 July. In addition, she protected North Africa convoys, took part in a fleet sortie against British cruisers and bombarded Corfu on 18 December.

During 1941, Duca d'Aosta served mostly with the 8th Cruiser Division, laying minefields off North Africa and protecting convoys. One of the convoy duties, in December, led to the First Battle of Sirte, in which Duca d'Aosta took part.

Her duties in 1942 were much as before, but with aggressive actions against Allied convoys, including the Operations Harpoon and Vigorous, in June, to resupply the British controlled island of Malta. She sailed in August to intercept the critical Pedestal convoy, but this sortie was abandoned due to poor air cover. On 13 June 1942, Duca d'Aosta survived a torpedo attack by the British submarine HMS Unison, while south of Sardinia with the Raimondo Montecuccoli.[3]

In 1943, Duca d'Aosta was inactive due to fuel shortages for most of the remainder of the year, but in August, she attempted, unsuccessfully, a bombardment of Allied positions around Palermo.

Duca d'Aosta was a "lucky ship" in that she never was damaged in any of the naval actions in which she participated nor was she ever damaged by air attack or submarine attack.

Allied service

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After the Italian Armistice, Duca d'Aosta had a minor refit at Taranto and in October 1943, with the cruisers Luigi di Savoia Duca degli Abruzzi and Giuseppe Garibaldi, she sailed to the South Atlantic, to serve with the Allies on shipping blockade duties, based at Freetown. There were seven patrols between November 1943 and February 1944; she returned to Italy in April and, thereafter, was used only for transport.

Postwar

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Duca d'Aosta was transferred to the Soviet Union on 2 March 1949 and served as Kerch in the Black Sea Fleet. The cruiser became a training ship in February 1956. Kerch was stricken on 20 February 1959 and scrapped.[1]

Citations

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  1. ^ a b Rohwer, Jürgen; Monakov, Mikhail S. (2001). Stalin's Ocean-going Fleet: Soviet Naval Strategy and Shipbuilding. Routledge. p. 268. ISBN 9780714648958.
  2. ^ Mattesini, Francesco (2020-08-24). La guerra civile spagnola e la Regia Marina italiana (in Italian). Soldiershop Publishing. ISBN 978-88-9327-614-6.
  3. ^ Chalcraft, Geoff (2000–2008). "Unison". British Submarines of World War II. Archived from the original on 2008-09-19. Retrieved 2008-06-25.

References

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  • Brescia, Maurizio (2012). Mussolini's Navy: A Reference Guide to the Regina Marina 1930–45. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 978-1-59114-544-8.
  • Chesneau, Roger, ed. (1980). Conway's All The World's Fighting Ships 1922–1946. London: Conway Maritime Press. ISBN 0-85177-146-7.
  • Dodson, Aidan & Cant, Serena (2020). Spoils of War: The Fate of Enemy Fleets after Two World Wars. Barnsley, UK: Seaforth Publishing. ISBN 978-1-5267-4198-1.
  • Fraccaroli, Aldo (1968). Italian Warships of World War II. Shepperton, UK: Ian Allan. ISBN 0-7110-0002-6.
  • Whitley, M. J. (1995). Cruisers of World War Two: An International Encyclopedia. Annapolis, Maryland: Naval Institute Press. ISBN 1-55750-141-6.
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