Lake İznik

Lake İznik
Lake İznik
	View from space
	Lake İznik
Location	Bursa Province
Coordinates	40°26′N 29°31′E / 40.43°N 29.52°E
Basin countries	Turkey
Max. length	32 km (20 miles)
Max. width	10 km (6.2 miles)
Surface area	298 km2 (115 sq mi)
Max. depth	80 m (260 ft)
Surface elevation	85 m (279 ft)

Lake İznik (Turkish: İznik Gölü) is a freshwater lake in the Province of Bursa, Turkey. It is around 32 km in length and 10 km in width with a maximum depth of about 80 m. The town of Iznik (historically known as Nicaea) lies at its eastern end. The lake's Ancient Greek name was Askania (Ἀσκανία); the Latin name was Ascania.

History

In Greek mythology, during the Trojan War the region by Lake İznik was held by the Phrygians, who sent troops to the aid of King Priam, led by the brothers Phorcys and Ascanius, sons of Aretaon as related in the Iliad.

Ascanius, son of Aretaon, should not be confused with Ascanius (son of Aeneas) or Ascanius (son of Priam), who also feature in legends of the Trojan War.

In the 1920s, the region was known for rice production.^[1]

In 2014, during aerial photography to survey the local monuments, the remains of an underwater Byzantine basilica -possibly erected in the 4th century- were identified, a discovery which was named one of the top 10 discoveries by the Archaeological Institute of America. The basilica was dedicated to St. Neophytos of Nicaea and it was built sometime after 390 AD and destroyed in a big earthquake in 1065.^[2] Plans are on the way to establish an underwater museum.^[3]

Salinity

Lake Iznik has a salinity of 0.05 to 0.10 %, not enough to be tasted by humans. It cannot therefore be classified as a saltwater lake, but may be described as freshwater, brackish or subsaline.^[4]

Important Bird Area

The lake, which is in unprotected status, was declared by BirdLife International as an Important Bird Area in 1989 for its waterfowl species, which are threatened through pollution and development of İznik as a recreational center.^[5]