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Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque

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The Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque (Malay: Masjid Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah) is a mosque in Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei.[3] It is named after Hassanal Bolkiah, the 29th Sultan of Brunei. It is one of the two state mosques (masjid negara), the other Omar Ali Saifuddien Mosque,[4] and the largest of all.[5] It is situated on the northern border of the Kampong Kiarong suburb, 3 kilometres (1.9 mi) northwest of Pusat Bandar.[6]

Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque
Masjid Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah
The mosque in 2014
Religion
AffiliationIslam
Branch/traditionSunni
OwnershipGovernment of Brunei
Governing bodyDepartment of Mosque Affairs[a]
Location
LocationKiarong, Bandar Seri Begawan, Brunei
Geographic coordinates4°53′52.6″N 114°55′18.4″E / 4.897944°N 114.921778°E / 4.897944; 114.921778
Architecture
Typemosque
StyleIslamic architecture
FounderSultan Hassanal Bolkiah
Groundbreaking1988
Completed14 July 1994 (1994-07-14)
Construction costUS$350 million[2]
Specifications
Capacity5,000
Dome(s)29
Minaret(s)4
Minaret height58 metres (190 ft)
Site area20 acres (8.1 ha)

History

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Sultan Hassanal Bolkiah summoned John Lawson to the country's capital, in the early 1990s after being inspired by the Englishman's work. Lawson was asked to design the glass dome for a new mosque that would be constructed to honour the Silver Jubilee of Hassanal Bolkiah. Although it was first officially called the Kiarong Mosque, it would go on to be renamed as Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque.[7][8] The largest mosque in the nation, spanning 20 acres (8.1 ha),[9] was given as a gift by the Sultan. The mosque was formally opened on 14 July 1994, which happened to be the Sultan's 48th birthday, after construction started in 1988. The Maghrib and Isyak prayers were performed at the inaugural ceremony.[9][3][b]

On 15 July 1994, which was also the Sultan's 48th birthday, he himself gave a Friday sermon. This was one of the major events that mosque observed. Prominent people include Benazir Bhutto and Goh Chok Tong in 1996, Queen Elizabeth II in 1998, and King Abdullah II in 2000, have all paid the mosque a visit.[11] The mosque has gained popularity as a tourist destination, with an average of fifty people every day, excepting Thursdays and the hours before Friday prayers. In addition, the mosque also provides pre-marital education, and offers Al-Quran reading sessions given by nearby religious instructors.[12]

Design and features

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The mosque features 29 golden domes and four minarets, each standing 58 metres (190 ft).[13] The domes commemorate the 29 Bruneian Sultans, while the marble stairs, with 29 steps, honour the current 29th Sultan of Brunei, Hassanal Bolkiah. Five water fountains symbolise both the five daily prayers and the five pillars of Islam. The Mihrab is decorated with 24-carat gold-plated tiles and black marble stones, with the largest dome situated above the male prayer hall.[14] The mosque's air-conditioned interiors,[15] which can accommodate up to 5,000 worshipers at once,[9] are designed with imported materials from across the world, including Persian carpets, Italian marble, Philippine hardwood, and gold.[15]

The air muleh pattern of greenery, which is recognised as a national emblem and symbolises the Malay identity and spirit of the Bruneians, was a prominent architectural adornment on this tower. The mosque's interior design incorporates air muleh patterns in the minaret walls, entablatures, and chandelier glasswork. The octagonal tessera in the minarets creates a "pixelated" effect reminiscent of traditional Bruneian woven textiles, while the main hall's chandelier subtly showcases wing pairs, a component of the royal and national insignia.[16]

Among the features are the separate prayer sections for men and women, an administration block, a multipurpose hall, a VIP conference room, a library, a royal suite, and a VIP lounge and eating area.[12] The 60,000 square feet (5,600 m2) male prayer hall of the mosque can hold up to 3,500 attendees. Beneath its ornate dome is a gold-plated chandelier crafted from Austrian strass crystal glass. The hall's construction is made up of marble from Italy and a dome made in Malaysia, as well as 48 window arches decorated with Quranic calligraphy. Similarly, the female prayer hall (first floor) can hold up to 1,000 worshipers and has a chandelier at the middle of its dome.[17]

The mosque have spaces dedicated to male and female ablution. The automatic areas are run by US-based sensors, while the manual areas are fully automated. Named for the late State Mufti Ismail Omar Abdul Aziz, the mosque's library houses two different kinds of collections: a General Collection that has over 22,000 copies of over 5,000 titles on various topics related to Islam, and a Reference Collection that includes theses, manuscripts, encyclopedias, and journals. During business hours, which are from 2:15 PM to 4:00 PM and 8:30 AM to 11:45 AM, the library is available to the public.[11]

Muslim cemetery

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The Tanah Perkuburan Islam Kampung Kiarong (Kampong Kiarong Islamic Cemetery),[18] sometimes referred to as Jame Asr Cemetery,[19] is situated near the mosque.[18] Notable burials are:

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  •  
    The mosque's main entrance
  •  
    Interior of the mosque; first floor
  •  
    Inside the mosque; close-up of the staircase and elevator
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    Royal emblem on the gate of the mosque
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    Walkway to the mosque; shoe racks on each side
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    Close-up on one of the minarets

Notes

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  1. ^ Every mosque in the country is governed by the Department of Mosque Affairs of the Ministry of Religious Affairs.[1]
  2. ^ Funds were to come from the Sultan's "private fortune."[10]

References

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  1. ^ Information Department 2009, p. 4.
  2. ^ Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei. Lonely Planet Publications. 2004. p. 521. ISBN 978-1-74059-357-1.
  3. ^ a b Haji Julaini 2009, p. 8.
  4. ^ Lopes & Mohd Hasnan 2021, p. 12.
  5. ^ Eliot, Joshua (1996). Malaysia & Singapore Handbook. Footprint Handbooks. p. 1996. ISBN 978-0-900751-79-0.
  6. ^ Guides, Rough (1 June 2023). The Rough Guide to Malaysia, Singapore & Brunei (Travel Guide eBook). Apa Publications (UK) Limited. ISBN 978-1-83905-928-5.
  7. ^ "JOHN LAWSON". www.lgchronicle.net. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
  8. ^ Horton, A. V. M. (1 January 2009). "Negara Brunei Darussalam: obituary 2009". Borneo Research Bulletin. 40: 48–67.
  9. ^ a b c "Jame' 'Asr Hassanil Bolkiah". Ministry of Religious Affairs (in Malay). Retrieved 28 August 2024.
  10. ^ Kershaw, Roger (4 January 2002). Monarchy in South East Asia: The Faces of Tradition in Transition. Routledge. p. 128. ISBN 978-1-134-66707-9.
  11. ^ a b Haji Julaini 2009, p. 10.
  12. ^ a b Haji Julaini 2009, p. 8–9.
  13. ^ "Jame' Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque - Royal Brunei Airlines". Retrieved 25 September 2017.
  14. ^ Haji Julaini 2009, p. 11.
  15. ^ a b "Jame 'Asr Hassanil Bolkiah Mosque". Southeast Asia Travel. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  16. ^ Lopes & Mohd Hasnan 2021, p. 8–9.
  17. ^ Haji Julaini 2009, p. 9.
  18. ^ a b Pasukan Polis Diraja Brunei. "PDB bersihkan Tanah Perkuburan Islam". Pelita Brunei (in Malay). Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  19. ^ "Royal Brunei Navy Honors Fallen Heroes with Cemetery Cleaning Campaign". Royal Brunei Navy. 22 August 2024. Retrieved 22 September 2024.
  20. ^ "Sultanate - News | Negara Brunei Darussalam | Sultan attends former deputy minister's funeral". www.sultanate.com. Retrieved 9 August 2023.
  21. ^ "CEMETERY CLEANING CAMPAIGN HELD IN CONJUNCTION WITH RBAF 62 ANNIVERSARY CONDUCTED BY RBAirF HEADQUARTERS AND NO. 6 WING". Royal Brunei Air Force. 14 September 2023. Retrieved 20 July 2024.
  22. ^ "His Majesty pays last respects to former statesman". borneo363.rssing.com. Retrieved 18 August 2023.
  23. ^ "Negara Brunei Darussalam: obituary 2007. - Free Online Library". www.thefreelibrary.com. Retrieved 22 October 2023.
 
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