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January 1941

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The following events occurred in January 1941:

January 1, 1941 (Wednesday)

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January 2, 1941 (Thursday)

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January 3, 1941 (Friday)

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  • The Battle of Bardia began as part of Operation Compass. The Australian 6th Division assaulted the strongly held Italian fortress of Bardia, Libya.
  • The longest raid of the Bristol Blitz began, lasting 12 hours.
  • Éamon de Valera held an urgent session with his cabinet and sent a note of protest to Germany over the bombing of Dublin.[7]
  • The 77th United States Congress began.
  • Martin Bormann promulgated a Nazi decree banning gothic typefaces in all printing and proclaiming roman type as the new standard. The order sought to make Nazi communications more understandable in occupied France, the Netherlands, Belgium, Denmark and Norway, where roman type was used.[8]
  • The results of a Gallup poll were published asking Americans, "Do you think our country's future safety depends on England winning this war?" 68% said yes, 26% said no and 6% expressed no opinion.[9]

January 4, 1941 (Saturday)

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January 5, 1941 (Sunday)

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January 6, 1941 (Monday)

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January 7, 1941 (Tuesday)

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  • Japanese Admiral Isoroku Yamamoto presented Minister of the Navy Koshirō Oikawa with his ideas for a war against the United States in a memorandum titled Gumbi ni kansuru shiken (Views on Preparations for War). Yamamato proposed a crippling first strike on American forces in the first few hours of the war, something that could best be accomplished by an air attack on the U.S. fleet at Pearl Harbor.[12]
  • The New Fourth Army incident occurred in China when 80,000 forces of the Kuomintang attacked the Communist New Fourth Army in Maolin, Anhui Province, ending the co-operation of the two factions to fight the Japanese instead of each other.
  • A special committee of the Canadian government recommended that Japanese Canadians not be allowed to volunteer for the armed forces on the grounds of strong public opinion against them.[12]
  • Born: Iona Brown, violinist and conductor, in Salisbury, England (d. 2004); John E. Walker, chemist and Nobel laureate, in Halifax, West Yorkshire, England

January 8, 1941 (Wednesday)

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January 9, 1941 (Thursday)

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  • Hitler held a conference with his generals to discuss plans to attack the Soviet Union. Hitler said that German success in Russia would encourage Japan to attack the United States, thus keeping the Americans too occupied to get involved in the war in Europe.[15]
  • The Avro Lancaster had its first flight.
  • Born: Joan Baez, folk musician and activist, on Staten Island, New York

January 10, 1941 (Friday)

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  • The British began Operation Excess, a series of supply convoys to Malta, Alexandria and Greece.
  • The British aircraft carrier Illustrious was severely damaged by Stukas as it escorted a convoy to Malta.[16]
  • President Roosevelt submitted H.R. 1776, better known as the Lend-Lease bill, to Congress.[17]
  • The German civil administration in the Netherlands ordered the registration of all Jews in the country.[18]
  • The results of a Gallup poll were published asking Americans, "Which of these two things do you think it is more important for the United States to try to do — to keep out of the war ourselves, or to help England win, even at the risk of getting into the war?" 60% said help England, 40% said keep out. A separate question asked, "If you were asked to vote on the question of the United States entering the war against Germany and Italy, how would you vote — to go into the war, or to stay out of the war?" 88% said stay out, 12% said go in.[9]
  • Died: Frank Bridge, 61, English composer, violinist and conductor; John Lavery, 84, Irish painter; Joe Penner, 36, American comedian (heart failure)

January 11, 1941 (Saturday)

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January 12, 1941 (Sunday)

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January 13, 1941 (Monday)

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January 14, 1941 (Tuesday)

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  • Romanian Conducător Ion Antonescu met with Hitler at Obersalzberg, where it was agreed that Antonescu would liquidate the Iron Guard.[25]
  • British Commander-in-Chief Middle East Archibald Wavell met Greek Prime Minister Ioannis Metaxas and General Alexander Papagos in Athens. Papagos requested nine British divisions plus air support, but Wavell replied that he could only offer two or three. Papagos declined the offer.[6]
  • The British government announced new price controls to thwart food profiteering. Price freezes were announced for more than 20 food items including coffee, rice, biscuits and jelly.[10]
  • Former Belgian Justice Minister Victor de Laveleye suggested in a BBC radio broadcast that Belgians use a V sign as a symbol of resistance, since the French and Flemish words for "victory" both started with the letter V. Within weeks the "V for victory" sign began appearing on walls in Belgium, northern France and Holland.[26]
  • German auxiliary cruiser Pinguin captured 14 ships of a Norwegian whaling fleet in a single operation.
  • In New York City, brothers Anthony and William Esposito held up a man in a Fifth Avenue office building, shot him dead and then led police in a daytime chase through Manhattan. Both men were eventually apprehended, but not before a police officer was slain and a cab driver wounded in the throat. The trial would become one of the most famous insanity defense cases in history.[27]
  • Born: Faye Dunaway, actress, in Bascom, Florida; Milan Kučan, 1st President of Slovenia, in Križevci, Gornji Petrovci, Kingdom of Yugoslavia

January 15, 1941 (Wednesday)

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January 16, 1941 (Thursday)

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January 17, 1941 (Friday)

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  • The Battle of Ko Chang was fought in the Gulf of Thailand, resulting in Vichy French victory.[citation needed]
  • The British troopship Almeda Star was sunk north of Rockall by U-96.
  • Soviet Foreign Minister Vyacheslav Molotov warned Germany against deploying troops in Bulgaria by stating that the Soviet Union considered Bulgaria a security zone.[31]
  • 23,190 people packed Madison Square Garden to watch Fritzie Zivic successfully defend the world welterweight boxing title against Henry Armstrong. The attendance is an all-time record for any of the different versions of the Garden.
  • Subhash Chandra Bose's arrest and subsequent release set the scene for his escape to Germany, via Afghanistan and the Soviet Union. A few days before his escape, he sought solitude and, on this pretext, avoided meeting British guards and grew a beard. Late night 16 January 1941, the night of his escape, he dressed as a Pathan (brown long coat, a black fez-type coat and broad pyjamas) to avoid being identified. Subhash Chandra Bose escaped from under British surveillance from his Elgin Road house in Calcutta on the night of 17 January 1941, accompanied by his nephew Sisir Kumar Bose, later reaching Gomoh Railway Station (now Netaji Subhas Chandra Bose Gomoh Station) in the then state of Bihar (now Jharkhand), India.
  • Born: Manfred Schellscheidt, footballer and coach, in Söllingen, Germany

January 18, 1941 (Saturday)

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January 19, 1941 (Sunday)

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January 20, 1941 (Monday)

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January 21, 1941 (Tuesday)

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January 22, 1941 (Wednesday)

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January 23, 1941 (Thursday)

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  • The Legionnaires' rebellion was put down in Romania.[43]
  • Charles Lindbergh came before the U.S. House Foreign Affairs Committee to oppose the Roosevelt Administration's Lend-Lease bill. Lindbergh testified that he would prefer to see "neither side win" in the war and hoped to see a "negotiated peace," and also expressed his belief that American entry into the war on Britain's side would still not be enough to defeat Germany without some kind of internal collapse.[44]
 
January 23, 1941: Groundbreaking for the NACA’s Aircraft Engine Research Laboratory

January 24, 1941 (Friday)

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January 25, 1941 (Saturday)

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  • Panjiayu tragedy: The Imperial Japanese Army conducted a massacre of the Chinese village of Panjiayu, Hebei, in accordance with the orders from General Yasuji Okamura that all Chinese villages suspected of harboring communist guerilla fighters were to be wiped out.[6]
  • William C. Bullitt told the House Foreign Affairs Committee that invasion of the Western Hemisphere by the Axis powers would be almost certain if the British Navy was eliminated and the Panama Canal blockaded before the United States was prepared. Bullitt said that "for our own self-preservation" the United States should ensure that Britain was not defeated.[51]
  • German submarine U-201 was commissioned.[citation needed]

January 26, 1941 (Sunday)

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January 27, 1941 (Monday)

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  • A report circulated claiming that the converted troopship RMS Empress of Australia had been torpedoed and was sinking 200 miles off Dakar.[53]
  • Allied shipping docked in the harbor of Tobruk for the first time.[6]
  • A conference on economic co-operation between the countries of South America opened in Montevideo. The conference lasted until February 6.[54]
  • Constitutional Act No. 7 was passed in Vichy France, requiring state secretaries, high dignitaries and high officials to swear allegiance to the Chief of State. Article 3 stated that if any of them should prove "unfaithful to his obligations", the Chief of State was empowered to impose penalties that included loss of political rights and detention in a fortress.[55]
  • Born: Beatrice Tinsley, English-born New Zealand astronomer and cosmologist, in Chester (d. 1981)[56]

January 28, 1941 (Tuesday)

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  • British naval authorities made a terse announcement maintaining that the Empress of Australia was "safe in port".[57]
  • The British steamer Urla was sunk by the Italian submarine Luigi Torelli 250 miles west of Ireland; all 42 crew survived.[6]

January 29, 1941 (Wednesday)

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January 30, 1941 (Thursday)

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January 31, 1941 (Friday)

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References

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  1. ^ "Events occurring on Wednesday, January 1, 1941". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  2. ^ a b Davidson, Edward; Manning, Dale (1999). Chronology of World War Two. London: Cassell & Co. p. 56. ISBN 0-304-35309-4.
  3. ^ "Rose Bowl officials named for big game". Spokesman-Review. (Spokane, Washington). Associated Press. December 17, 1940. p. 14.
  4. ^ "Player Slugs Spectator at Hockey Game". Chicago Daily Tribune. Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune. January 2, 1941. p. 1.
  5. ^ Aideen Carroll (2010). Seán Moylan: Rebel Leader. Mercier Press Ltd. p. 243. ISBN 978-1-85635-669-5.
  6. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m n "1941". World War II Database. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  7. ^ "Irish Protest to Germans on Bomb Attacks". Chicago Daily Tribune. Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune. January 4, 1941. p. 1.
  8. ^ Burke, Christopher (1998). Paul Renner: The Art of Typography. London: Hyphen Press. p. 165. ISBN 978-1-56898-158-1.
  9. ^ a b "1941 Gallup poll results". ibiblio. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  10. ^ a b Mercer, Derrik, ed. (1989). Chronicle of the 20th Century. London: Chronicle Communications Ltd. pp. 544–545. ISBN 978-0-582-03919-3.
  11. ^ Forczyk, Robert (2010). Fw 200 Condor Vs Atlantic Convoy, 1941–43. Osprey Publishing. p. 29. ISBN 978-1-84603-917-1.
  12. ^ a b "Events occurring on Tuesday, January 7, 1941". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  13. ^ a b c "1941". MusicAndHistory. Archived from the original on August 28, 2012. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  14. ^ Brown, David (2013). The Royal Navy and the Mediterranean: Vol.II: November 1940-December 1941. Routledge. p. 47. ISBN 978-1-136-34120-5.
  15. ^ Buell, Thomas B. (2002). The Second World War: Europe and the Mediterranean. Square One Publishers. p. 105. ISBN 978-0-7570-0160-4.
  16. ^ "HMS Illustrious Bombed by the Luftwaffe". World War II Today. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  17. ^ "Aid Bill Opens U. S. Yards to Refit the British Fleet". Brooklyn Eagle. Brooklyn. January 10, 1941. p. 1.
  18. ^ Matthäus, Jürgen (2013). Jewish Responses to Persecution: Volume III, 1941–1942. Lanham, Maryland: AltaMira Press. p. 522. ISBN 978-0-7591-2259-8.
  19. ^ "Significant Earthquake: Yemen: Razih". National Geophysical Data Center. 1941-01-11. Retrieved 2016-06-11.
  20. ^ "Events occurring on Sunday, January 12, 1941". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  21. ^ "Big U.S. Liner Goes Aground; 750 on Board". Chicago Daily Tribune. Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune. January 13, 1941. p. 1.
  22. ^ "Was war am 12. Januar 1941". chroniknet. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  23. ^ Broucek, Peter (1983). Ein General im Zwielicht. Böhlau. p. 638. ISBN 978-3-205-08743-4.
  24. ^ "Was war am 13. Januar 1941". chroniknet. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  25. ^ "Final Report of the International Commission on the Holocaust in Romania" (PDF). United States Holocaust Memorial Museum. November 11, 2004. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  26. ^ "The V-Campaign". Virtual Radiomuseum. Archived from the original on March 12, 2005. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  27. ^ McCabe, Scott (January 14, 2014). "Crime History, Jan. 14, 1941: 'Mad Dog' brothers kill two in Manhattan gun battle". D.C. Crime Stories. Archived from the original on October 18, 2015. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  28. ^ Frank Northen Magill (1993). Great Events from History II.: 1937-1954. Salem Press. p. 1206. ISBN 978-0-89356-810-8.
  29. ^ Mike Barnes (8 November 2011). Captain Beefheart: The Biography. Omnibus Press. p. 5. ISBN 978-0-85712-728-0.
  30. ^ "16 January 1941: Illustrious Blitz". Malta: War Diary. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  31. ^ "Was war am 17. Januar 1941". chroniknet. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  32. ^ "Events occurring on Saturday, January 18, 1941". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  33. ^ Brock Helander (1999). The Rockin' '60s: The People who Made the Music. Schirmer Books. p. 363. ISBN 978-0-02-864873-6.
  34. ^ "Events occurring on Sunday, January 19, 1941". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  35. ^ a b "Chronology 1941". indiana.edu. 2002. Archived from the original on October 27, 2014. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  36. ^ "Events occurring on Tuesday, January 21, 1941". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  37. ^ Chapman, James. "Daily Worker". Censorship: A World Encyclopedia. Ed. Derek Jones. London: Routledge, 2015. p. 643–644. ISBN 978-1-136-79864-1.
  38. ^ "Was war am 21. Januar 1941". chroniknet. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  39. ^ "Feller to Get $30,000; Record for Pitcher". Chicago Daily Tribune. Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune. January 22, 1941. p. 21.
  40. ^ Plácido Domingo; Helena Matheopoulos (2000). My Operatic Roles. Baskerville Publishers, Inc. p. 10. ISBN 978-1-880909-61-4.
  41. ^ Yust, Walter, ed. (1942). 1942 Britannica Book of the Year. Chicago: Encyclopædia Britannica, Inc. p. 1.
  42. ^ Scott DeVeaux (29 March 1999). The Birth of Bebop: A Social and Musical History. University of California Press. pp. 536–=. ISBN 978-0-520-21665-5.
  43. ^ Olaru, Stejărel; Herbstritt, Georg (2004). Vademekum Contemporary History Romania: A Guide Through Archives, Research Institutions, Libraries, Societies, Museums, and Memorial Places. Romanian Institute for Recent History. p. 19 – via Google Books.
  44. ^ "U.S. and Britain Can't Beat Hitler, Lindbergh Asserts". Brooklyn Eagle. Brooklyn. January 23, 1941. p. 1.
  45. ^ Sands, Kelly, ed. (1 March 2021). "NASA Glenn's Historical Timeline". NASA History. NASA. Retrieved 28 January 2023.
  46. ^ Inverne, James (2009). The Faber Pocket Guide to Musicals. Faber & Faber. p. 128. ISBN 978-0-571-23751-7 – via Google Books.
  47. ^ "Events occurring on Friday, January 24, 1941". WW2 Timelines. 2011. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  48. ^ Morgenstern, George (1947). Pearl Harbor. New York: Devin-Adair Company. p. 223.
  49. ^ Editors of Chase's (24 September 2019). Chase's Calendar of Events 2020: The Ultimate Go-to Guide for Special Days, Weeks and Months. Rowman & Littlefield. p. 98. ISBN 978-1-64143-316-7.
  50. ^ Balazs Hargittai; Istvan Hargittai (2005). Candid Science V: Conversations with Famous Scientists. Imperial College Press. p. 77. ISBN 978-1-86094-505-2.
  51. ^ "U. S. Next if Nazis Win, Says Bullitt". Brooklyn Eagle. Brooklyn. January 25, 1941. p. 1.
  52. ^ Chronology and Index of the Second World War, 1938–1945. Research Publications. 1990. p. 45. ISBN 978-0-88736-568-3.
  53. ^ "Empress of Australia Torpedoed, Sinking". The Stanford Daily: 1. January 28, 1941.
  54. ^ "Was war am 27. Januar 1941". chroniknet. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  55. ^ Beigbeder, Yves (2006). Judging War Crimes And Torture: French Justice And International Criminal Tribunals and Commissions (1940–2005). Leiden: Martinus Nijhoff Publishers. pp. 140–141. ISBN 978-90-04-15329-5.
  56. ^ Marilyn Bailey Ogilvie; Joy Dorothy Harvey (2000). The Biographical Dictionary of Women in Science: L-Z. Taylor & Francis. p. 1292. ISBN 978-0-415-92040-7.
  57. ^ "British See Nazi Ruse in Story of Attack on Liner". Chicago Daily Tribune. Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune. January 29, 1941. p. 3.
  58. ^ DK (5 September 2019). World War II Map by Map. Dorling Kindersley Limited. p. 77. ISBN 978-0-241-44591-4.
  59. ^ David T. Zabecki (1999). World War Two in Europe. Taylor & Francis. p. 1520. ISBN 978-0-8240-7029-8.
  60. ^ "Was war am 29. Januar 1941". chroniknet. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  61. ^ Frederick Martin; Sir John Scott Keltie; Isaac Parker Anderson Renwick (1949). The Statesman's Year-book. St. Martin's Press. p. 1032.
  62. ^ Schultz, Sigrid (January 31, 1941). "We'll Torpedo Aid to England, Hitler Asserts". Chicago Daily Tribune. Chicago: Chicago Daily Tribune. p. 4.
  63. ^ "Was war am 30. Januar 1941". chroniknet. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  64. ^ Mooney (March 1991). Newsmakers 91. Cengage Gale. p. 73. ISBN 978-0-8103-7344-0.
  65. ^ "Joe Louis - Career Record". BoxRec. Retrieved December 31, 2015.
  66. ^ Hendrik Jacobus Kotzé; Anneke Greyling (1991). Political organisations in South Africa: A-Z. Tafelberg. p. 236. ISBN 9780624030423.
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