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36°23′N 120°28′E / 36.383°N 120.467°E
Jimo
即墨区 Tsimo | |
|---|---|
 Lingshan | |
 Location of Jimo within Qingdao | |
 Qingdao in Shandong | |
| Country |  China |
| Province | Shandong |
| Sub-provincial city | Qingdao |
| Converted to district | 30 October 2017 |
| Area | |
• Total | 1,780 km2 (690 sq mi) |
| Population (2019)[1] | |
• Total | 1,183,141 |
| • Density | 660/km2 (1,700/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+8 (China Standard) |
| Postal code | 266200 |
| Area code | 0532 |
| Website | www |
Jimo District (Chinese: 即墨区[2]; pinyin: Jímò Qū), formerly Jimo City (即墨市),[3] is a District of Qingdao, Shandong.
Location
editJimo is located in the southwest of the Shandong Peninsula, bordered by the Yellow Sea on the east and Mount Lao on the south.
Climate
editJimo has a moderate monsoon climate. The yearly average temperature is about 12.9 °C (55.2 °F), and average annual precipitation is 693.7 millimetres (27.31 in).
| Climate data for Jimo (1991–2020 normals, extremes 1981–2010) | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 15.5 (59.9) |
22.5 (72.5) |
27.5 (81.5) |
33.3 (91.9) |
35.4 (95.7) |
37.5 (99.5) |
38.3 (100.9) |
36.5 (97.7) |
38.6 (101.5) |
30.4 (86.7) |
25.5 (77.9) |
18.3 (64.9) |
38.6 (101.5) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 3.8 (38.8) |
6.7 (44.1) |
12.3 (54.1) |
19.1 (66.4) |
24.8 (76.6) |
28.3 (82.9) |
30.4 (86.7) |
30.1 (86.2) |
26.8 (80.2) |
20.9 (69.6) |
12.9 (55.2) |
5.9 (42.6) |
18.5 (65.3) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −1.3 (29.7) |
1.3 (34.3) |
6.8 (44.2) |
13.4 (56.1) |
19.3 (66.7) |
23.2 (73.8) |
26.3 (79.3) |
26.0 (78.8) |
21.7 (71.1) |
15.3 (59.5) |
7.7 (45.9) |
0.9 (33.6) |
13.4 (56.1) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −5.3 (22.5) |
−3.1 (26.4) |
2.0 (35.6) |
8.2 (46.8) |
14.2 (57.6) |
18.8 (65.8) |
22.8 (73.0) |
22.4 (72.3) |
17.2 (63.0) |
10.4 (50.7) |
3.3 (37.9) |
−3.0 (26.6) |
9.0 (48.2) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −17.3 (0.9) |
−16.6 (2.1) |
−10.5 (13.1) |
−5.3 (22.5) |
0.0 (32.0) |
8.3 (46.9) |
15.2 (59.4) |
13.5 (56.3) |
5.2 (41.4) |
−3.3 (26.1) |
−8.2 (17.2) |
−14.8 (5.4) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
| Average precipitation mm (inches) | 10.7 (0.42) |
14.8 (0.58) |
15.7 (0.62) |
31.2 (1.23) |
53.1 (2.09) |
70.7 (2.78) |
153.1 (6.03) |
208.5 (8.21) |
66.1 (2.60) |
30.0 (1.18) |
27.0 (1.06) |
11.2 (0.44) |
692.1 (27.24) |
| Average precipitation days (≥ 0.1 mm) | 3.3 | 3.6 | 4.0 | 5.8 | 6.8 | 7.4 | 10.7 | 11.5 | 6.9 | 4.9 | 4.9 | 4.1 | 73.9 |
| Average snowy days | 3.6 | 2.7 | 1.1 | 0.1 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0 | 0.6 | 2.9 | 11 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 65 | 61 | 55 | 55 | 60 | 68 | 78 | 79 | 72 | 67 | 68 | 66 | 66 |
| Mean monthly sunshine hours | 167.7 | 170.2 | 218.7 | 234.0 | 252.5 | 218.4 | 187.8 | 192.0 | 203.7 | 203.1 | 170.4 | 165.0 | 2,383.5 |
| Percent possible sunshine | 54 | 55 | 59 | 59 | 58 | 50 | 43 | 46 | 55 | 59 | 56 | 55 | 54 |
| Source: China Meteorological Administration[4][5] | |||||||||||||
History
editJimo was established in the Eastern Zhou dynasty, at which time it was the second largest settlement in Shandong. The Siege of Jimo in 279 BC, otherwise unremarkable, is remembered for the ruse that ended it. Tian Dan was a general of the State of Qi who had just lost 70 cities to the Yan. When Jimo, their penultimate city, was under fire, he collected more than 1,000 oxen, tied sharp daggers to their ears, tied straw to their tails, and dressed them in colourful cloth to make them look like dragons. At dead of night the Qi set the tails alight and drove the oxen towards the enemy camp. The panicking enemy soldiers were wiped out, and the Qi regained all the lost cities.
German Colony and the Siege of Tsingtao
editOn the 6th of March, 1898, the city of Tsimo (Jimo) became part of the Kiautschou Bay Leased Territory. By the time of the First World War, the Germans had set up a small outpost in Tsimo, which on the 13th of September, 1914, was taken by advancing Japanese cavalry during the Siege of Tsingtao.[6] After its capture, Japanese cavalry and engineers alongside the 23rd Infantry Brigade would arrive at Tsimo on the 18th of September. During the siege, an airfield was built and by the 21st of September, Japanese Army Nieuport IV.Gs began operating from Tsimo in an unsuccessful attempt to bomb the German airfield and destroy the lone Rumpler Taube. [7] After the end of the war, the Kiautschou Bay Leased Territory (along with Tsimo) was ceded to Japan and returned to the Chinese in 1922.[6]
Chinese civil war
editDuring the Chinese civil war, 90,000 peasants from Jimo participated in the Civil War on the communist side.[8]: 8 Rural women in Jimo also contributed to the war effort through making and supplying People's Liberation Army soldiers with 5,000 pairs of shoes.[8]: 8
Administrative divisions
editAs of October 2021, Jimo District has 11 subdistricts and 4 towns: Huanxiu Subdistrict, Chaohai Subdistrict, Tongji Subdistrict, Bei'an Subdistrict, Longshan Subdistrict, Longquan Subdistrict, Aoshanwei Subdistrict, Wenquan Subdistrict, Lingshan Subdistrict, Lancun Subdistrict, Daxin Subdistrict, Tianheng Town, Jinkou Town, Duanbolan Town, Yifengdian Town, and Tongji New Economic Zone and Tianheng Island Provincial Tourist Resort.[citation needed]
Tourism
editAoshan Bay and Tianheng Island are its main tourism resources.
Transport
edit- Line 11 (Qingdao Metro)
- In Jimo District, there are 2 national class 2 open docks in Aoshan and Women's Island, 3 highways including Qingyin Expressway, Qingxin Expressway and Weiqing Expressway as well as national and provincial highways such as Qingyan, Qingwei and Qingsha, Jiaoji Railway, Lanyan Railway and Qingrong Railway running through the whole territory.[citation needed]
- In 2021, Jimo District has a variety of motor vehicles 455,000, an increase of 7.7%, including 435,000 passenger trucks, an increase of 7.7%. The total road mileage is 3456.5 kilometers, including 140 kilometers of high-speed roads, and the density of road network is 179.9 kilometers per 100 square kilometers. Road passenger traffic of 39.99 million people, passenger turnover of 61.187 million kilometers; 14.77 million tons of freight, freight turnover of 398.90 million tons of kilometers.
Social business
editEducation
editThe Jimo District is home to Qingdao University, Qingdao Agricultural University, Shandong University (Qingdao), and Texas Institute of Science and Technology.[citation needed]
In 2021, there are 637 schools in Jimo District with 210,500 students, including 441 kindergartens with 49,000 children; 147 elementary schools with 87,000 students; 32 junior high schools with 45,700 students; 12 high schools with 22,000 students; 3 vocational schools with 6,431 students; and 2 special education centers with 416 students. 416 students. The total number of teaching staff is 20,100, the enrollment rate of school-age children is 100%, and the completion rate of nine-year compulsory education is 100%.
Cultural business
editNational first-class library: Qingdao Jimo District Library. National Grade 1 Cultural Center: Jimo District Cultural Center of Qingdao City.
As of 2021, Jimo District has 17 science and technology and culture service centers, 1026 libraries of various types, 414,400 books in district libraries, 1 district cultural center, 1 district museum, 1 Liuqiang Theatre Company, 9 movie theaters, and 12 awards of various kinds above Qingdao City. It has two TV channels of news synthesis and life service, one radio frequency (FM101.7), district party committee organ newspaper "New Jimo", China Jimo website, Know Jimo client, Jimo TV public number, "New Jimo" official micro and Jimo cell phone newspaper, etc. It has built a full media platform of "one, one network, one newspaper, two micros, one end and N number". media platform. The coverage rate of radio population is 100%, and the coverage rate of TV population is 100%.
Health care
editAs of 2021, there are 1138 health institutions of various types in Jimo District, including 36 hospitals, 21 town health centers, 21 community health service centers and service stations, 384 clinics, infirmaries, health clinics and nursing stations, and 630 village health offices. A total of 5,466 beds, 7,747 health technicians, including: 3,339 licensed physicians and licensed assistant physicians, 3,267 registered nurses.
Social security
editIn 2021, the number of people participating in pension insurance in Jimo District is 849,300, including: 263,900 employees of urban workers' pension insurance, 25,600 people of institutions' pension insurance, and 559,800 people participating in urban and rural residents' social pension insurance. The number of people participating in unemployment insurance is 235,700, including: 213,500 urban workers and 22,200 institutions. The number of people participating in basic medical insurance is 114.26, including: 31.74 people participating in basic medical insurance for employees and 82.52 people participating in basic medical insurance for residents. The number of people participating in maternity insurance is 317,000.
In 2021, there will be 19 adoptive social welfare institutions of various types in Jimo District, with 2,588 beds in social welfare institutions and 995 people in the institutions. Urban and rural residents of the minimum living security object 16,600,000 people, residents of low security funds planned to spend 203 million yuan. The number of people supported by the five-guarantee households is 761, and the amount of subsidies for the five-guarantee households is 17.12 million yuan.
References
edit- ^ "China : Population - ceicdata.com". ceicdata. Retrieved 2021-01-05.
- ^ "即墨区". www.jimo.gov.cn. Archived from the original on September 28, 2021. Retrieved Dec 4, 2022.
- ^ 2016年统计用区划代码和城乡划分代码：青岛市 (in Chinese). National Bureau of Statistics of the People's Republic of China. 2016. Retrieved 1 February 2018.
370282000000 即墨市
- ^ 中国气象数据网 – WeatherBk Data (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
- ^ 中国气象数据网 (in Simplified Chinese). China Meteorological Administration. Retrieved 7 October 2023.
- ^ a b Denis, Colin (3 November 2000). "Tsingtao Campaign". The World War I Document Archive. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
- ^ "The Siege of Tsingtau 1914". thehistoryfiles.com. 30 June 2022. Retrieved 30 June 2022.
- ^ a b Han, Dongping (2008). The unknown cultural revolution : life and change in a Chinese village. New York. ISBN 978-1-58367-180-1. OCLC 227930948.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
Official website
edit
Media related to Jimo at Wikimedia Commons