John Philip De Haas

John Philip de Haas (c.1735 - June 3, 1786) was an American farmer, public official, and military leader who served in several conflicts, most notably as a Brigadier General in the Continental Army during the American Revolutionary War.

John Philip de Haas
Born	c.1735 Holland
Died	June 3, 1786 Philadelphia, United States of America
Buried	German Reformed Church Graveyard, Easton, Pennsylvania
Allegiance	British Empire United States of America
Service / branch	British Army (Provincial Troops) Continental Army
Rank	Major (Britain) Brigadier General Brevet Major General
Unit	Provincial Battalion of Pennsylvania
Commands	1st Pennsylvania Battalion 2nd Pennsylvania Regiment
Battles / wars	French and Indian War Pontiac's War American Revolutionary War
Spouse(s)	Eleanor Bingham
Children	Johann Ludwig de Haas, Charlotta Catharina de Haas, Henrietta de Haas, John Philip de Haas Jr, Jacob de Haas, Eleonora de Haas.
Relations	John Nicholas de Haas (Father) Maria Landt (Mother)

Early life and career

John Philip de Haas was born in 1735 in Holland to John Nicholas de Haas, whose lineage was of Prussian origin, and Maria Landt. In 1737, his family emigrated to the Province of Pennsylvania. By 1739, John Nicholas de Haas had taken out a warrant for "one hundred and fifty acres of land in Lebanon Township," which is now Lebanon County, Pennsylvania and started a farm there.

De Haas entered the army on December 18, 1757 and was commissioned ensign in the Provincial Battalion of Philadelphia. He was stationed at Fort Augusta which was along the Susquehanna River. He was promoted to adjutant of the first battalion on April 30, 1758 and saw action during the French and Indian War. In September 1758, he was a participant in the expedition to Fort Duquesne and fought in the Battle of Fort Duquesne under the command of John Forbes (British Army officer) and his lieutenant Henry Bouquet. The result of the battle was a British loss, but the French subsequently abandoned the fort when they realized they could not hold out against the large number of enemy forces stationed outside the fort.

He was subsequently promoted to captain on April 28, 1760 and was stationed at Fort Henry. In August 1763, he saw action in the Battle of Bushy Run during Pontiac's War under the command of Henry Bouquet. He was promoted again on August 22, 1764 to major of the Pennsylvania regiment.

In between the wars, de Haas acquired a lot of land through his military service including, "a tract of land containing eight hundred and nine acres on Bald Eagle Creek." He also obtained several nearby tracts along the Beech Creek from his fellow officers. His combined land holdings after his service totaled over 1,900 acres and in 1765 he settled in Lebanon, Pennsylvania. He was appointed a Justice of the peace and Justice of the Court of Common Pleas by Pennsylvania governor John Penn (governor) for the county of Lancaster and held the position until the start of the American Revolutionary War.

John Philip de Haas married Eleanor Bingham, the couple managed to have 6 kids: Johann Ludwig de Haas, Charlotta Catharina de Haas, Henrietta de Haas, John Philip de Haas Jr., Jacob de Haas, and Eleonora de Haas.

Revolutionary War

In the lead up to the American Revolution in 1774, siding with the colonists, Haas was chairman of a committee which collected any contribution they could for the suffering of the Port of Boston. In 1775, he raised a militia company and in the fall was elected to be colonel of the 1st Pennsylvania Battalion, part of the Pennsylvania Line, however he resigned on January 20, 1776. He subsequently rejoined the army on February 22, 1776 when he was again appointed colonel. George Washington's papers contain a report on the troop strength of the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment under the command of "Col. John P. De Haas" dated December 8, 1776.

During his second command of the 1st Pennsylvania Regiment, he marched to Quebec. Afterwards he served at Ticonderoga and Fort George. In February 1777, Haas was named Brigadier general and ordered to take charge of a brigade under General George Washington. However, he did not confirm his promotion or take over his new command, prompting Washington to inquire if he was still with the army. In June Washington was informed of Haas's resignation. Nonetheless in 1778 he briefly was back in the war, volunteering to lead militia in the protection of the Pennsylvania frontier in the aftermath of the Battle of Wyoming, eventually handing over command to regular Colonel Thomas Hartley. He returned to Philadelphia in 1779 and was brevetted major general in 1780.

Death

After de Haas retired, he ended up enjoying his last years in a home in Philadelphia until he died on June 3, 1786.

His remains were buried in the German Reformed Church of Easton, which subsequently became the First United Church of Easton. By the 1900's, the graveyard was going unused and so the land was sold. The Easton Area Public Library was built on the site. Bodies that were located were reported to heirs who had the opportunity to move and re-inter the bodies, and bodies that went unclaimed were reburied in a vault on the site. It is unclear if de Haas' remains are still at the site.

See also

• List of military leaders in the American Revolutionary War

References

• Hess, Abram (1916). The life and services of General John Philip de Haas, 1735-1786. Lebanon, Pa.: Lebanon County Historical Society. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
• Dacus, Jeff (April 1, 2015). "Brigadier General John de Haas: A Bad Example to Others". Journal of the American Revolution. Retrieved 23 July 2024.
• "John Philip de Haas". The Society of the Cincinnati in the State of New Jersey. Retrieved 2024-07-15.
• "De Haas, John Philip | Encyclopedia of the American Revolution". www.encyclopedia.com. Retrieved 2024-07-15.