John Young Sangster (29 May 1896 – 26 March 1977) was a British industrialist and philanthropist. He was an important figure in the British motorcycle industry, where he was involved with Ariel, BSA and Triumph.
Jack Sangster | |
|---|---|
 | |
| Born | 29 May 1896 |
| Died | 26 March 1977 (aged 80) |
| Education | Hurstpierpoint College |
| Occupation | Motorcycle manufacturer |
| Years active | 1918–1961 |
| Children | Heather Sangster |
Early life
editSangster was born in Kings Norton, Worcestershire,[1] England. He was the second of three sons of Charles Thomas Brock Sangster, an engineer and the owner of Cycle Components Ltd, which became known as the motorcycle brand Ariel in 1902.
After his education at Hurstpierpoint College, Sussex, Sangster started an engineering apprenticeship. It was interrupted by the First World War, in which Sangster served with the City of Birmingham battalion of the 14th Royal Warwickshire Regiment. His elder brother Fredrick Charles Sangster was killed in action in 1916.[2]
Career
edit
In 1918 Sangster joined the Cycle Components Manufacturing Company, where his father was managing director. He designed a small low-cost car that the company began manufacturing. The car's design was later sold to the Rover Company in Coventry, and Sangster joined Rover to manage the production of the car which became the Rover 8.
In 1923, Sangster returned to his father's company, and by 1930 was joint managing director with him. In 1932 Cycle Components went bankrupt. Sangster bought most of the company's assets and started a new company, Ariel Motors, which he developed with some of CC's former designers and engineers, including Val Page and Bert Hopwood, and later Edward Turner.
Sangster developed a motorcycle with a 4 hp White and Poppe engine which proved extremely successful.[citation needed] He added 586 cc and 992 cc machines to the company's line, setting the standard for competitions at the time.[citation needed]
In 1936, Sangster bought the financially struggling Triumph Cycles company renamed it Triumph Engineering Co., and brought in Edward Turner from Ariel to improve its product range. The Triumph Speed Twin, with a parallel-twin engine designed by Turner, was introduced in 1938, and was followed by a series of successful Triumph motorcycles until the early 1980s.[3]
In 1944, Sangster sold Ariel to the BSA company. In 1951 he sold Triumph to BSA for £2.5 million, a good return on his initial £50,000 investment in 1936.
Sangster joined the board of BSA following their acquisition of Triumph. He became chairman of BSA in 1956, after a series of boardroom battles which ousted the previous chairman, Sir Bernard Docker. He appointed Turner as Chief Executive of the Automotive Division (comprising BSA, Ariel, Triumph, Daimler, and Carbodies, makers of London taxicabs). Sangster retired as chairman of BSA in 1961.
He took in two London evacuees, Gordon and Jean Rookledge, in 1944.[4] He declined a peerage in 1962.[citation needed]
Sangster died in Belgravia, London, from cancer on 26 March 1977.[5]
References
edit- ^ a b Did not become part of Birmingham until 1911 - "Greater Birmingham Act"
- ^ "Lieutenant Fredrick Charles Sangster | War Casualty Details 21876". Cwgc.org. Retrieved 12 August 2023.
- ^ Motorcycle Mechanics, June 1973, p.80/83. Motorcycle Masterpieces: Triumph's Twin. "The climax came in 1936 when it looked as though the factory would have to close down. At the last moment it was bought out by J.Y.Sangster who owned Ariel, and Triumph Engineering Co was born ". Retrieved 2014-03-12
- ^ "Home". Rookledge.com. Archived from the original on 15 July 2011. Retrieved 3 February 2011.
- ^ England and Wales Death records, Genesreunited.co.uk, Retrieved 2014-03-12
External links
edit- Oxford Dictionary of National Biography: Sangster, John Young by Barbara M.D. Smith.