Jola (French: Diola; Jola: Joola), also called Jola-Fonyi (French: Diola-Fogny) and Kujamataak, is a language spoken by 475,000 people in the Casamance region of Senegal, and neighboring countries.[1] Jola-Fonyi is one of several closely related Jola languages spoken in the area.
| Jola-Fonyi | |
|---|---|
| kujóolay | |
| Native to | Gambia, Senegal |
| Region | Casamance |
Native speakers | 480,000 (2019)[1] |
| Dialects |
|
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | dyo |
| Glottolog | jola1263 |
| ELP | Jola-Fonyi |
Phonology
editConsonants
edit| Labial | Alveolar | Palatal | Velar | Glottal | ||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Stop/ Affricate |
voiceless | p | t | t͡ʃ | k | |
| voiced | b | d | d͡ʒ | ɡ | ||
| Nasal | m | n | ɲ | ŋ | ||
| Fricative | f | s | h | |||
| Trill | r | |||||
| Lateral | l | |||||
| Approximant | w | j | ||||
Vowels
edit| Front | Central | Back | |
|---|---|---|---|
| Close | i | u | |
| Near-close | ɪ | ʊ | |
| Close-mid | e | ə | o |
| Open-mid | ɛ | ɔ | |
| Open | a |
Vowel length is also phonemic.[2]
Writing System
editIn Senegal
editIn Senegal, the decree No. 2005-981 created the official orthography of Jola.
| Jola Alphabet (Senegal) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Uppercase | A | B | C | D | E | F | G | H | I | J | K | L | M | N | Ñ | Ŋ | O | P | R | S | T | U | W | Y |
| Lowercase | a | b | c | d | e | f | g | h | i | j | k | l | m | n | ñ | ŋ | o | p | r | s | t | u | w | y |
Long vowels are indicated by doubling the letter: <aa ee ii oo uu>. The acute accent over a vowel <á é í ó ú> indicates that the advanced and retracted tongue root for that vowel and the other vowels of the words by vowel harmony.
References
edit- ^ a b Jola-Fonyi at Ethnologue (26th ed., 2023)
- ^ Sapir, David J. (1965). A Grammar of Diola-Fogny: A Language Spoken in the Basse-Casamance Region of Senegal. Cambridge: Cambridge University Press.
Bibliography
edit- Hopkins, Bradley L. 1995. Contribution à une etude de la syntaxe Diola-Fogny. Cahiers de Recherche Linguistique, 4. Dakar: Société Internationale de Linguistique.
- Hopkins, Bradley and Elizabeth Hopkins. 1992. Apprentissage de la langue Diola-Fogny: Un cours pratique. Dakar: Société Internationale de Linguistique.
See also
editExternal links
edit- J. David Sapir, Linguistic and Folklore materials from the Kujamaat Jóola.
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