Joseph Judah Löb Sossnitz (Yiddish: יוסף יהודה ליב בן יחיאל מיכל זאָסניץ, romanized: Yosef Yehudah Leyb ben Yekhiel Mikhel Zosnitz; 17 September 1837 – 2 March 1910) was a Russian–American Talmudic scholar, philosopher, educator, and scientific writer.
Joseph Löb Sossnitz | |
|---|---|
| Born | Joseph Judah Löb Sossnitz 17 September 1837 Birzhi, Kovno Governorate, Russian Empire |
| Died | 2 March 1910 (aged 72) New York City, New York, United States |
| Language | Hebrew |
| Literary movement | Haskalah |
Biography
editSossnitz was born into a Hasidic family[1] in Birzhi, Kovno Governorate, in 1837. At the age of ten, he compiled a calendar for the year 5608 (1847–48). At nineteen, he moved to Riga to teach Hebrew. He was granted access to the library of the city's polytechnical school, where he studied German and secular sciences.[2]
In 1875, he received an invitation from Hayyim Selig Slonimski to join him as co-editor of Ha-Tzefirah in Berlin. However, due to his refusal to write against Slonimski's rival Gabriel Judah Lichtenfeld, he was dismissed from this position. In 1888, Sossnitz relocated to Warsaw, assuming the role of editor for the scientific and Kabbalistic sections of Ha-Eshkol.[3] He moved to New York in 1891, where, in 1893, he established a Talmud Torah on 104th street, serving as its principal until 1897. From 1899 onward, he lectured on Jewish ethics at the Educational Alliance. Among his students was Mordecai Kaplan, who credited Sossnitz as contributing to his "intellectual and spiritual development".[4]
Publications
edit- Akhen yesh Adonai [Indeed, There Is a God] (in Hebrew). Vilna: Y. L. Lipman Metz. 1875. hdl:2027/uc1.ax0000166025. A critique of modern materialism and Büchner's Kraft und Stoff.[5]
- Ha-shemesh [The Sun] (in Hebrew). Vilna: Y. L. Lipman Metz. 1877. A scientific essay on the composition of the sun, based on contemporary research and accompanied by astronomical tables.[6]
- Seḥoḳ ha-shakh [The Game of Chess] (in Hebrew). Vilna. 1879. hdl:2027/hvd.hwpsdv.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) A manual on chess based on Alphons von Breda's method.[6] - Der eviger kalender [The Perpetual Calendar] (in Yiddish). Riga. 1884.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - 'Iddan 'olamim (in Hebrew). Warsaw: Y. Briz Unterhendler. 1888. A perpetual calendar for Jews, Christians, and Muslims, with comparative tables.[6]
- Ha-ma'or [The Luminary] (in Hebrew). Warsaw: Y. Unterhendler. 1889. hdl:2027/hvd.hwmh7a. An essay on Jewish religious philosophy, supplemented with notes on Biblical and Talmudical exegesis.[6]
Sources
edit
This article incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Seligsohn, M. (1905). "Sossnitz, Joseph Judah Löb". In Singer, Isidore; et al. (eds.). The Jewish Encyclopedia. Vol. 11. New York: Funk & Wagnalls. p. 471.
References
edit- ^ Stern, Eliyahu (2018). Jewish Materialism: The Intellectual Revolution of the 1870s. Yale University Press. pp. 85–114. ISBN 978-0-300-22180-0.
- ^ Sokolow, Naḥum (1889). Sefer zikaron le-sofrei Israel ha-ḥayim itanu ka-yom [Memoir Book of Contemporary Jewish Writers] (in Hebrew). Warsaw. p. 41.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Tsahor, Dan (2023). The Book of the People: The Hebrew Encyclopedic Project and the National Self. De Gruyter. pp. 32–33. ISBN 978-3-11-106246-4.
- ^ Gurock, Jeffrey S.; Schacter, Jacob J. (1997). A Modern Heretic and a Traditional Community: Mordecai M. Kaplan, Orthodoxy, and American Judaism. Columbia University Press. p. 15, 175. ISBN 978-0-231-50449-2.
- ^ Stern, Eliyahu (2020). "Pragmatic Kabbalah: J. L. Sossnitz, Mordecai Kaplan and the Reconstruction of Mysticism and Peoplehood in Early Twentieth-Century America". In Ogren, Brian (ed.). Kabbalah in America: Ancient Lore in the New World. Brill. pp. 147–160. ISBN 978-90-04-42814-0.
- ^ a b c d Zeitlin, William (1890). "Sossnitz, Joseph Löw". Bibliotheca hebraica post-Mendelssohniana (in German). Leipzig: K. F. Koehler's Antiquarium. pp. 375–376.
Further reading
edit- Stern, Eliyahu (2018). "Scientific Materialism". Jewish Materialism: The Intellectual Revolution of the 1870s. Yale University Press. pp. 85–114. ISBN 978-0-300-22180-0.