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Joseph Draper Sayers (September 23, 1841 – May 15, 1929) was the 22nd governor of Texas from 1899 to 1903. During Sayers's term, the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 demolished that city. He was the last Confederate soldier to be governor.
Joseph Draper Sayers | |
|---|---|
.jpg) Sayers in 1899 | |
| 22nd Governor of Texas | |
| In office January 17, 1899 – January 20, 1903 | |
| Lieutenant | James Browning |
| Preceded by | Charles A. Culberson |
| Succeeded by | S. W. T. Lanham |
| Member of the U.S. House of Representatives from Texas | |
| In office March 4, 1885 – January 16, 1899 | |
| Preceded by | John Hancock |
| Succeeded by | Albert S. Burleson |
| Constituency | 10th district (1885–93) 9th district (1893–99) |
| 12th Lieutenant Governor of Texas | |
| In office January 21, 1879 – January 18, 1881 | |
| Governor | Oran M. Roberts |
| Preceded by | Richard B. Hubbard |
| Succeeded by | Leonidas Jefferson Storey |
| Member of the Texas Senate from the 26th district | |
| In office January 14, 1873 – January 13, 1874 | |
| Preceded by | Reinhard Hillebrand |
| Succeeded by | Hamilton Ledbetter |
| Personal details | |
| Born | September 23, 1841 Grenada, Mississippi, U.S. |
| Died | May 15, 1929 (aged 87) Austin, Texas, U.S. |
| Nationality | American |
| Political party | Democratic |
| Profession | Politician, lawyer |
| Military service | |
| Allegiance | Confederate States |
| Branch/service | Confederate States Army |
| Years of service | 1861–1865 |
| Rank | Major |
| Unit | 5th Texas Cavalry Regiment |
| Battles/wars | |
Early years
editJoseph Sayers was born September 23, 1841, in Grenada, Mississippi, to David Sayers and his wife Mary Thomas (née Peete). His mother died in Charleston, Mississippi, in 1847,[1] and soon after he moved to Texas with his father and younger brother, William.[2] The family settled in Bastrop, where Sayers and his brother attended the Bastrop Military Institute.[3]
Civil War
editWhen the Civil War broke out, Sayers joined the Confederate States Army's 5th Texas Regiment, a cavalry unit led by General Tom Green. He participated in the Battle of Valverde in New Mexico in February 1862, and was recommended for promotion for his bravery in capturing an artillery battery. Later that year he returned to Texas with his regiment before being sent to Louisiana, where he was wounded in the Battle of Fort Bisland in April 1863. His actions during that conflict led to his promotion to major, and he became Green's chief–of–staff. Sayers was wounded again in April 1864 at the Battle of Mansfield. After Green died at the Battle of Blair's Landing, Sayers became the assistant adjutant to General Richard Taylor.[3]
Lawyer
editAfter the war ended, Sayers returned to Texas. He opened a school and simultaneously studied law. He was admitted to the bar and then formed a partnership with G. "Wash" Jones.[3]
Personal life
edit
He married Orline Walton, an amateur painter. The walls of their apartments at the Riggs were adorned with beautiful specimens of her work. She painted portraits of herself and her husband, and has also made copies of several of the celebrated pictures at the Corcoran Art Gallery, while her china painting was exquisite.[clarification needed] Orline Walton was a native of Aberdeen, Mississippi.[citation needed]
During her childhood, her father moved with his family to Bastrop, Texas. She was married to Joseph D. Sayers when he was Lieutenant-Governor of the State, and the first years of her married life were spent at Austin. She was a member of the Methodist church and interested in its benevolent and educational work.[citation needed]
Public service
editSayers entered political service in 1873, when he became a state senator in the 13th Texas Legislature. In his term, he helped reverse most of the legislation that had been passed under the Radical Republicans.[3] After his term ended in 1875, Sayers spent three years as chairman of the Texas State Democratic Executive Committee. He presided over the state Democratic convention in both 1876 and 1878.[3] At the 1878 convention he was nominated to be lieutenant governor under Oran M. Roberts and later won the election. Sayers and Roberts differed on one key point; Sayers believed that public lands should be saved for homesteaders and schools, not sold cheaply to speculators, as Roberts advocated.[3]
Congress
editSayers was first elected to the 49th Congress as a representative of Texas's 10th congressional district in 1884. In his first election, he received 9,270 votes over his competitor, John B. Rector, who ran as an Independent. He was re-elected in 1886, 1888, 1890, 1892, 1894, and 1896. In 1888, in the election to the 51st Congress, Sayers won against the Republican nominee for the district, the popular civic leader Augustus Belknap of San Antonio.[4] He served in Congress until 1898, when he ran for governor.
Campaign for governor
editLafayette L. Foster was the Chairman of the Sayers Central Campaign Committee. In the summer of 1898, Foster was appointed as the President of the Agricultural and Mechanical College of Texas by the Board of Directors of the college. He was succeeded as chairman by Edward M. House.[5] Sayers was supported by House in his campaign against Martin McNulty Crane in the Democratic party primary.[6] Sayers won the gubernatorial election against Barnett Gibbs, the Populist party candidate, and took office in early 1899.
Governor
editDuring his term in office, labor unions were exempted from antitrust laws, and blacklists were outlawed. His term saw increased spending on education, prisons, and social service institutions and outlawed railroad rebates.[3] He also spearheaded legislation that authorized the creation of school districts.[7]
Sayers's term was notable for the number of disasters that the state faced. The Brazos River flooded in 1899, and the following year the Galveston Hurricane of 1900 caused great devastation. Other parts of the state suffered from a severe drought, and boll weevils caused widespread cotton destruction. Millions of dollars in assistance came to the state, and Sayers administered the distribution of the funds "honestly and fairly."[7] He was the last Confederate soldier to hold the office.[8]
Later years
editAfter leaving office in 1903, Sayers focused mainly on his law practice. He also took the time, however, to serve on the Board of Regents for the University of Texas System as well as on the Industrial Accident Board, the State Board of Legal Advisors, and the pardon board.[7]
Death and burial
editSayers died in Austin on May 15, 1929, and is buried in Bastrop.[7][9]
Notes
edit- ^ McArthur & Wickes 1901, p. 19.
- ^ Hendrickson (1995), p. 137.
- ^ a b c d e f g Hendrickson (1995), p. 138.
- ^ Daniell, Lewis E. (1889). Personnel of the Texas State Government, with sketches of Distinguished Texans embracing the Executive and Staff, Heads of the Departments, United States Senators and Representatives, Members of the Twenty-First Legislature (PDF). Austin: Smith, Hicks and Jones, State Printers. p. 124 – via Texas Legislative Library.
Mr. Sayers was Lieutenant Governor of Texas from 1879 to 1880, and was elected to the Forty-ninth Congress as a Democrat, receiving twenty-one thousand five hundred and twenty-three votes against twelve thousand two hundred and fifty-three for his competitor, John B. Rector, perhaps the most popular Republican in the district, although he ran as an Independent. He was re-elected to the Fiftieth and also the Fifty-first Congresses, defeating, in the last race, a very popular gentleman, a Republican. General Belknap, of San Antonio.
- ^ Raines, Caldwell Walton (1902). Year Book for Texas, 1901 (PDF). Austin: Gammel Book Company. pp. 156, 157. Retrieved August 1, 2023 – via Legislative Reference Library of Texas.
- ^ "8. Joseph D. Sayers". The Texas Politics Project. University of Texas at Austin. 2003. Retrieved May 12, 2024.
- ^ a b c d Hendrickson (1995), p. 140.
- ^ "Joseph Draper Sayers". Texas Legislators: Past & Present. Legislative Reference Library of Texas.
- ^ Campbell, Randolph B. "Mike". "Sayers, Joseph Draper (1841–1929)". Handbook of Texas. Texas State Historical Association. Retrieved August 7, 2023.
References
edit- McArthur, Niel John; Wickes, Hiram G. (1901). The Twenty-Seventh Legislature and State Administration of Texas. Ben C. Jones & Co. Printers. p. 19. LCCN 01024104.
- Hendrickson, Kenneth E. Jr. (1995), The Chief of Executives of Texas: From Stephen F. Austin to John B. Connally, Jr., College Station: Texas A&M University Press, ISBN 0-89096-641-9, OCLC 31243061
External links
edit- Works by or about Joseph D. Sayers at the Internet Archive
- Joseph Draper Sayers from the Handbook of Texas Online