Symphony No. 34 in C major, K. 338, was written by Wolfgang Amadeus Mozart in 1780, and completed on 29 August that year.[1][2]
| Symphony in C major | |
|---|---|
| No. 34 | |
| by W. A. Mozart | |
.jpg) First page of the autograph manuscript | |
| Key | C major |
| Catalogue | K. 338 |
| Composed | 1780 |
| Published | 1797 (André) |
| Movements | Three (Allegro vivace, Andante di molto (più tosto Allegretto), Allegro vivace) |
Structure
editThe work is scored for 2 oboes, 2 bassoons, 2 horns, 2 trumpets, timpani and strings.
Although most symphonies have four movements,[citation needed] this symphony has only three, which was still common in the early classical period:[citation needed]
The symphony features the fanfares and flourishes typical of the "festive symphony" or "trumpet symphony", which is characteristic of Austrian symphonic writing in C major. This is the first of Mozart's C major symphonies to exhibit this character, but the style would be revisited in his subsequent two works in this key, the 36th and 41st symphonies.[1]
First movement
edit
The first movement is written in sonata form but also contains many styles and formal aspects of an Italian overture. There is no expositional repeat. The expositional coda contains an overture-like crescendo which is not included in the recapitulation. The development is based entirely on new material. The recapitulation on the exposition's first theme is abbreviated and interrupted by a brief development of that theme. Finally, the movement's coda contains nearly all of this first theme creating the appearance of a reverse-recapitulation common in Italian overtures.[1]
Second movement
editThe second movement in F major is scored for strings with divided violas, and a single bassoon doubling the cellos and bass. All the parts are marked sotto voce.[1]
Alfred Einstein suggested in the third edition of the Köchel catalogue that the Minuet K. 409 was written at a later date (1782) by the composer for this work. However, there is no proof in the sources to support his thesis.[2] Also, K. 409 calls for two flutes in its orchestration which does not match the rest of the symphony.[1]
Third movement
editThe finale is in sonata form and features energetic tarantella or saltarello rhythms.[1]
Score
editThe autograph score is today preserved in two halves: the first half (ff.1-18) is in the Bibliothèque nationale de France, and the second half (ff.19-28) is in the Biblioteka Jagiellońska, in Kraków.[3]
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f Brown, A. Peter, The Symphonic Repertoire (Volume 2). Indiana University Press (ISBN 025333487X), pp. 393–397 (2002).
- ^ a b Mozart, Wolfgang Amadeus (2005). Die Sinfonien IV. Translated by Robinson, J. Branford. Kassel: Bärenreiter-Verlag. p. XV. ISMN M-006-20466-3
- ^ Neue Mozart-Ausgabe (NMA), "Critical Report", p. 26.
External links
edit- Symphony in C, K. 338: Score and critical report (in German) in the Neue Mozart-Ausgabe
- Symphony No. 34: Scores at the International Music Score Library Project
- Dennnis Pajot, K338 The Symphony in C and Menuet K409, Mozartforum.com
- "Symphony No. 34 in C, K. 338", Classical Archives
