Kallokibotion is an extinct genus of stem-turtle from the Upper Cretaceous (Santonian-Maastrichtian, 86–66 million years ago), known from fossils found in Romania.[1] One species is known, Kallokibotion bajazidi, which was named by Franz Nopcsa after his lover Bajazid Doda.[2][3] It literally means 'beautiful box of Bajazid'; Nopcsa chose the name because, in the words of British palaeontologist Gareth Dyke, "the shape of the shell reminded him of Bajazid's arse".[3] A second undescribed species is known from the Santonian of Hungary.[4] Turtles similar to Kallokibotion were reported from the Paleocene of France[5] and the Lower Maastrichtian of Volgograd Oblast, Russia,[6] but these similarities were dismissed later.[5][7]
| Kallokibotion Temporal range: Upper Cretaceous,
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|---|---|
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| Fossil carapace, Deva Natural History Museum | |
Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Reptilia |
| Clade: | Pantestudines |
| Clade: | Testudinata |
| Clade: | Perichelydia |
| Family: | †Kallokibotiidae |
| Genus: | †Kallokibotion Nopsca, 1923 |
| Species: | †K. bajazidi
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| Binomial name | |
| †Kallokibotion bajazidi Nopsca, 1923
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| Synonyms | |
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Description
editKallokibotion reached 50 cm (1 ft 8 in) in carapace length. There are jagged ornaments on its shell.[1]
Taxonomy
editA fossil of this turtle was mistakenly described as a pterosaur of the genus Thalassodromeus in 2014.[8] In 1992, it was identified as a basal cryptodire, and as a meiolaniid in the early 2010's.[1] Later phylogenetic analysis based on characters described from new specimens places Kallokibotion as the sister taxon of the crown testudines.[9] A 2021 analysis placed Kallokibotion in Compsemydidae within Paracryptodira.[10]
References
edit- ^ a b c Hans-Dieter Sues (August 6, 2019). The Rise of Reptiles. 320 Million Years of Evolution. Johns Hopkins University Press. p. 54. ISBN 9781421428680.
- ^ Gaffney, Eugene S.; Meylan, Peter A. (1992). "The Transylvanian turtle, Kallokibotion, a primitive cryptodire of Cretaceous Age". American Museum Novitates (3040). hdl:2246/5005.
- ^ a b Pickrell, John (2017-03-28). Weird Dinosaurs: The Strange New Fossils Challenging Everything We Thought We Knew. Columbia University Press. ISBN 9780231543392.
- ^ Botfalvai, Gábor; Ősi, Attila; Mindszenty, Andrea (2015). "Taphonomic and paleoecologic investigations of the Late Cretaceous (Santonian) Iharkút vertebrate assemblage (Bakony Mts, Northwestern Hungary)" (PDF). Palaeogeography, Palaeoclimatology, Palaeoecology. 417: 379–405. Bibcode:2015PPP...417..379B. doi:10.1016/j.palaeo.2014.09.032. ISSN 0031-0182.
- ^ a b Márton Rabi, Vremir Matyas, Haiyan Tong (2013). "Preliminary Overview of Late Cretaceous Turtle Diversity in Eastern Central Europe (Austria, Hungary, and Romania)". Morphology and Evolution of Turtles. Vertebrate Paleobiology and Paleoanthropology. p. 307-336. doi:10.1007/978-94-007-4309-0_19. ISBN 978-94-007-4308-3.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ A. O. Averianov, A. A. Yarkov (2004). "Carnivorous dinosaurs (Saurischia, Theropoda) from the Maastrichtian of the Volga-Don Interfluve, Russia" (PDF). Paleontological Journal. 38 (1): 78-82. Archived (PDF) from the original on 2024-03-05.
- ^ Zoltán Csiki-Sava, Eric Buffetaut, Attila Ősi, Xabier Pereda-Suberbiola, Stephen L. Brusatte (2015). "Island life in the Cretaceous - Faunal composition, biogeography, evolution, and extinction of landliving vertebrates on the Late Cretaceous European archipelago". ZooKeys (469): 1–161. Bibcode:2015ZooK..469....1C. doi:10.3897/zookeys.469.8439. PMC 4296572. PMID 25610343.
{{cite journal}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link) - ^ Dyke, G. J.; Vremir, M.; Brusatte, S.; Bever, G.; Buffetaut, E.; Chapman, S.; Csiki-Sava, Z.; Kellner, A. W. A.; Martin, E.; Naish, D.; Norell, M; Ősi, A.; Pinheiro, F. L.; Prondvai, E.; Rabi, M.; Rodrigues, T.; Steel, L.; Tong, H.; Vila Nova, B. C.; Witton, M. (2014). "Thalassodromeus sebesensis—a new name for an old turtle. Comment on 'Thalassodromeus sebesensis, an out of place and out of time Gondwanan tapejarid pterosaur', Grellet-Tinner and Codrea" (PDF). Gondwana Research. 27 (4): 1680–1682. doi:10.1016/j.gr.2014.08.004.
- ^ Adán Pérez-García; Vlad Codrea (2018). "New insights on the anatomy and systematics of Kallokibotion Nopcsa, 1923, the enigmatic uppermost Cretaceous basal turtle (stem Testudines) from Transylvania". Zoological Journal of the Linnean Society. 182 (2): 419–443. doi:10.1093/zoolinnean/zlx037.
- ^ Rollot, Yann; Evers, Serjoscha W.; Joyce, Walter G. (December 2021). "A redescription of the Late Jurassic (Tithonian) turtle Uluops uluops and a new phylogenetic hypothesis of Paracryptodira". Swiss Journal of Palaeontology. 140 (1): 23. Bibcode:2021SwJP..140...23R. doi:10.1186/s13358-021-00234-y. ISSN 1664-2376. PMC 8550081. PMID 34721284.