Kamrup Rural district, or simply Kamrup district (Pron: ˈkæmˌrəp or ˈkæmˌru:p), is an administrative district in the state of Assam in India formed by dividing the old Kamrup district into two in the year 2003; other being Kamrup Metropolitan district, named after the region it constitutes. This district, along with Nalbari, Barpeta, Kamrup Metropolitan, Bajali and Baksa districts has been created from the Undivided Kamrup district. Rangiya is the Sub-District of Kamrup.
Kamrup district | |
|---|---|
.svg) Location in Assam | |
 Kamrup district | |
| Coordinates (Rangiya): 26°28′N 91°38′E / 26.47°N 91.63°E | |
| Country | India |
| State | Assam |
| Division | Lower Assam |
| Sub-districts | Rangiya |
| Headquarters | Rangiya |
| Government | |
| • Lok Sabha constituencies | Gauhati, Darrang Udalguri |
| • Vidhan Sabha constituencies | Boko, Chaygaon, Palasbari, Hajo, Kamalpur, Rangiya |
| Area | |
• Total | 3,105 km2 (1,199 sq mi) |
| Population (2011) | |
• Total | 1,517,542 |
| • Density | 490/km2 (1,300/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 142,394 |
| Demographics | |
| • Literacy | 70.95% |
| • Sex ratio | 914 |
| Time zone | UTC+05:30 (IST) |
| Major highways | National Highway 31, National Highway 37, National Highway 127D, National Highway 15 |
| Average annual precipitation | 1,400 mm |
| Website | kamrup |
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History
edit
Kamrup Rural district was created by bifurcating Undivided Kamrup district in 2003.
The Government of Assam, during the Chief-ministership of Late Tarun Gogoi, had proposed to bifurcate it further and create a new district, named South Kamrup. In 2016, the process of creation of the district was started.[1] However, later that year, the process of creation was stopped midway due to lack of infrastructure.[2]
Geography and environment
editOverview
editKamrup district occupies an area of 4,345 square kilometres (1,678 sq mi).[3] Kamrup district has some territorial disputes with neighbouring West Khasi Hills district, Meghalaya, including that over the village of Langpih.[4]
Hydrography
editIn the immediate neighborhood of the Brahmaputra, the land is low and exposed to annual inundation. In this marshy tract reeds and canes flourish luxuriantly, and the only cultivation is that of rice. At a comparatively short distance from the river banks the ground begins to rise in undulating knolls towards the mountains of Bhutan on the north, and towards the Khasi hills on the south. The hills south of the Brahmaputra in some parts reach the height of 800 feet (240 m). The Brahmaputra, which divides the district into two nearly equal portions, is navigable by river steamers throughout the year, and receives several tributaries navigable by large native boats in the rainy season. The chief of these are the Manas, Chaul Khoya and Barnadi on the north, and the Kulsi and Dibru on the south bank.[5]
Flora and fauna
editIn 1989 Kamrup district became home to the Dipor Bil Wildlife Sanctuary, which has an area of 4.1 km2 (1.6 sq mi).[6] There is also a plantation where seedlings of teak, sal, sissu, sum, and nahor are reared, and experiments are being made with the caoutchouc tree.[5]
Kamrup is home to one of the few large colonies of greater adjutant storks still in existence. The villagers previously regarded the birds as pests, but outreach efforts including cultural and religious programming, especially aimed at local women, have rallied Kamrup residents to be proud of and protect the storks.[7]
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% p.a. |
|---|---|---|
| 1901 | 273,945 | — |
| 1911 | 304,339 | +1.06% |
| 1921 | 325,816 | +0.68% |
| 1931 | 356,369 | +0.90% |
| 1941 | 424,814 | +1.77% |
| 1951 | 497,763 | +1.60% |
| 1961 | 598,357 | +1.86% |
| 1971 | 804,775 | +3.01% |
| 1991 | 1,091,651 | +1.54% |
| 2001 | 1,311,698 | +1.85% |
| 2011 | 1,517,542 | +1.47% |
| source:[8] | ||
According to the 2011 census Kamrup district has a population of 1,517,542,[9] roughly equal to the West African country of Gabon[10] or the US state of Hawaii.[11] This gives it a ranking of 327th in India (out of a total of 640).[9] The district has a population density of 436 inhabitants per square kilometre (1,130/sq mi) .[9] Its population growth rate over the decade 2001-2011 was 15.67%.[9] Kamrup has a sex ratio of 946 females for every 1000 males,[9] and a literacy rate of 72.81%. Scheduled Castes and Scheduled Tribes made up 7.11% and 12.00% of the population respectively.[9]
Religion
edit| Circle | Hindus | Muslims | Christians | Others |
|---|---|---|---|---|
| Rangia (Pt) | 63.06% | 36.30% | 0.12% | 0.52% |
| Koya | 59.21% | 40.60% | 0.07% | 0.12% |
| Kamalpur | 74.01% | 25.51% | 0.17% | 0.31% |
| Hajo | 55.92% | 43.68% | 0.06% | 0.34% |
| Chhaygaon | 77.54% | 13.73% | 8.27% | 0.46% |
| Goroimari | 6.46% | 93.31% | 0.05% | 0.18% |
| Chamaria | 15.61% | 84.28% | 0.07% | 0.04% |
| Nagarbera | 25.59% | 74.28% | 0.07% | 0.06% |
| Boko | 77.59% | 7.07% | 15.17% | 0.17% |
| Palasbari | 83.93% | 13.90% | 1.57% | 0.60% |
| North Guwahati (Pt) | 67.93% | 28.41% | 3.40% | 0.26% |
| Goreswar (Pt) | 66.57% | 33.26% | 0.04% | 0.13% |
The religious composition of the district includes Hinduism (877,495) 57.82% majority, second most popular is Islam numbering (601,784) constituting 39.66% of the region and rest 2.52% include others religions like Sikhism, Christianity, Buddhism, Jainism and indigenous tribal religions according to census 2011 report.[12] The district has people belonging to various indigenous Assamese communities like Keots/Kaibarta, Bodo, Rabha, Tiwa/Lalung, Amri Karbi, Dom/Nadiyal, Koch-Rajbongshi etc.
Religious important places
editThe district has followers of Hinduism, Islam, Christianity, Buddhism and Animism. The ancient temples of Kamakhya and Hajo attracts many pilgrims from all quarters.[5] The people of Kamrup also donated a sacred Arya Avalokiteśvara statue to Stakna Monastery in Ladakh.[13]
Language
editAccording to the 2011 census, 74.43% of the population spoke Assamese, 19.90% Bengali, 1.86% Garo, 1.41% Boro and 1.17% Hindi as their first language.[14]
Economy
edit
The staple crop of the district is rice, of which there are three crops[citation needed]. The indigenous manufactures are confined to the weaving of silk and cotton cloths for home use, and to the making of brass cups and plates. The chief exports are rice, oilseeds, timber, and cotton; the imports are fine rice, salt, piece goods, sugar, betel nuts, coconuts, and hardware. A section of the Assam-Bengal railway starts from Guwahati and a branch of the Eastern Bengal railway has recently been opened to the opposite bank of the river. A metalled road runs due south from Guwahati to Shillong.[citation needed]
Villages
editSee also
editReferences
edit- ^ "Assam issues notification to form new administrative districts". Business Standard India. Press Trust of India. 27 January 2016. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
- ^ Desk, Sentinel Digital (27 October 2016). "Revocation of East Kamrup, South Kamrup districts begins - Sentinelassam". The Sentinel Assam. Retrieved 10 May 2021.
{{cite web}}:|last=has generic name (help) - ^ Srivastava, Dayawanti et al. (ed.) (2010). "States and Union Territories: Assam: Government". India 2010: A Reference Annual (54th ed.). New Delhi, India: Additional Director General, Publications Division, Ministry of Information and Broadcasting (India), Government of India. p. 1116. ISBN 978-81-230-1617-7.
{{cite book}}:|last1=has generic name (help) - ^ "Meghalaya flexes muscle on Assam boundary", Zee News, 22 November 2008, archived from the original on 24 February 2014, retrieved 11 August 2012
- ^ a b c One or more of the preceding sentences incorporates text from a publication now in the public domain: Chisholm, Hugh, ed. (1911). "Kamrup". Encyclopædia Britannica. Vol. 12 (11th ed.). Cambridge University Press. p. 647.
- ^ Indian Ministry of Forests and Environment. "Protected areas: Assam". Archived from the original on 23 August 2011. Retrieved 25 September 2011.
- ^ Toomey, Diane (6 December 2016). "From loathed to loved: Villagers rally to save Greater Adjutant storks". Mongabay. Retrieved 27 June 2017.
- ^ Decadal Variation In Population Since 1901
- ^ a b c d e f "District Census Handbook: Kamrup" (PDF). censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ US Directorate of Intelligence. "Country Comparison:Population". Archived from the original on 13 June 2007. Retrieved 1 October 2011.
Gabon 1,576,665
- ^ "2010 Resident Population Data". U. S. Census Bureau. Archived from the original on 27 December 2010. Retrieved 30 September 2011.
Hawaii 1,360,301
- ^ a b "Table C-01 Population By Religion: Assam". census.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
- ^ "Stakna Gompa". Buddhist-temples.com. Retrieved 19 October 2009.
- ^ a b "Table C-16 Population By Mother Tongue: Assam". censusindia.gov.in. Registrar General and Census Commissioner of India. 2011.
Bibliography
edit- Bannerje, A C (1992). "Chapter 1: The New Regime, 1826-31". In Barpujari, H K (ed.). The Comprehensive History of Assam: Modern Period. Vol. IV. Guwahati: Publication Board, Assam. pp. 1–43.
- Hunter, William Wislon (1879). A Statistical Account of Assam. Vol. 1. Trübner & co. Retrieved 13 December 2012.