Khizr and Ghazala Khan

(Redirected from Khizr Muazzam Khan)

Khizr Muazzam Khan (born 1950) and Ghazala Khan (born 1951) are the Pakistani American parents of United States Army Captain Humayun Khan, who was killed in 2004 during the Iraq War. The couple received international attention following a speech at the 2016 Democratic National Convention that criticized Republican presidential candidate Donald Trump.

Ghazala and Khizr Khan speak with VOA's Urdu service in Washington, D.C., August 1, 2016
Khizr Khan
Born
Khizr Muazzam Khan

1950 (age 73–74)
CitizenshipPakistani
American
EducationPunjab University Law College (LLB)
University of Missouri (LLM)
Harvard University (LLM)
Awards Presidential Medal of Freedom (2022)
Ghazala Khan
Born1951 (age 72–73)
CitizenshipPakistani
American
EducationUniversity of the Punjab (BA)

Biography

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Khizr Khan was born in 1950, the eldest of ten children, to poultry farming parents in Gujranwala, a city in Pakistan's Punjab Province.[1][2] Ghazala is also from Punjab, born in 1951 in Faisalabad.[1][3] The couple met while attending the University of the Punjab, where Ghazala studied Persian and Khizr pursued an LL.B from Punjab University Law College. Khizr passed the Punjab bar in 1974. Once married, the couple moved to Dubai in the United Arab Emirates to earn money to move to the United States. Two of their sons, Shaharyar and Humayun, were born in Dubai.[1]

Immigration to the United States

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The Khans moved from the UAE to the United States in 1980. Their first home in the US was in Houston, Texas, where the family stayed while Khizr earned LL.M. degrees from the University of Missouri Law School in 1982 and Harvard Law School in 1986.[4][5] In 1986 they also became American citizens.[1] Khizr, Ghazala, and their two sons then moved to Silver Spring, Maryland, where their third son, Omer, was born.[1][6][7]

Khizr went on to work at the Washington, D.C., office of the law firm of Hogan & Hartson, one of the largest law firms in the United States, where he was employed as the firm's manager of litigation technology from 2000 to 2007.[8]

Death of Humayun Khan

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The Khan's middle child, Humayun, attended the University of Virginia, where he became a cadet in its Army ROTC program. Upon graduating in 2000, he was commissioned in the Army as a way to earn money for law school and because, according to Khizr, Humayun "felt that ROTC had completed him as a person, and he wanted to give back."[9][10] He rose to the rank of captain and served in Iraq during the Iraq War. In 2004, at the age of 27, Humayun was killed in Baqubah, Iraq, in an explosion. He was inspecting a guard post when he saw a suspicious vehicle approaching. Ordering his subordinates to stay back, he stepped forward to engage. The car was later determined to have been carrying more than 200 pounds of explosives, and when it detonated he was killed along with the two suicide attackers.[6][7][9] He was posthumously awarded the Bronze Star Medal and Purple Heart and is interred at Arlington National Cemetery.[1][6]

Move to Virginia

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Following Humayun's death, the Khans moved to Charlottesville, Virginia, to be closer to their other sons.[1] Ghazala began working at a fabric store and Khizr continued his legal consulting, working in commercial law and specializing in electronic discovery.[1] They became heavily involved with the University of Virginia ROTC program, where Humayun had been a cadet, and became known as the "mom and pop of the department".[1]

In 2008, the Khans participated in an HBO documentary, Section 60: Arlington National Cemetery, featuring visitors to the section of Arlington National Cemetery where their son, and many other United States military personnel who died in the Iraq and Afghanistan conflicts, are buried.[11][12]

Politics

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Before 2015, the Khans had not been publicly political. In the 1980s, Khizr was a strong supporter of Ronald Reagan, but in 2015 he had a strong negative reaction to then-candidate Donald Trump's speech in favor of temporarily banning citizens of certain primarily Muslim nations from entering the country. He gave an interview on the subject to a reporter for Vocativ, published in December 2015.[5][13] Many of Khizr's speeches and writings focus on United States founding documents, and in particular the Constitution. He was introduced to them as a law student in Pakistan, and found them both profound and thought-provoking.[14] Starting in 2005, Khizr began carrying pocket constitutions with him, which he would read from and give to University of Virginia ROTC cadets.[5]

2016 DNC speech

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Khizr Khan speaks at the 2016 Democratic National Convention

Prior to the 2016 Democratic National Convention, Hillary Clinton's campaign reached out to the Khans about speaking at the event. The couple deliberated and eventually agreed, believing it to be what Humayun would have done, despite protests from their other sons that it would make them targets for criticism.[5] In planning for the speech, Ghazala opted not to speak on stage, worried that she would not be able to maintain her composure if a picture of her son were with them.[5]

On July 28, the final day of the convention, Khizr, accompanied by Ghazala, gave a speech about Humayun, during which he harshly criticized Republican nominee for president, Donald Trump.[15][16][17][18] Khan took issue with several of Trump's policies, including his proposed ban on migration from a list of majority-Muslim countries.[19] Many news outlets focused on two passages from the speech in particular:

Donald Trump, you're asking Americans to trust you with their future. Let me ask you, have you even read the United States Constitution? I will gladly lend you my copy. In this document, look for the words "liberty" and "equal protection of law."[17][19][20][21][22] Have you ever been to Arlington Cemetery? Go look at the graves of brave patriots who died defending the United States of America. You will see all faiths, genders, and ethnicities. You have sacrificed nothing—and no one.[17][19][21][23]

When Khizr offered to lend Trump his copy of the Constitution, he pulled a small version of the document from his pocket, holding it up and gesturing with it, in what the Washington Post called the most memorable image from the convention.[24][25] Khan said afterwards that the gesture was unplanned, and that he ad-libbed the sentence about lending Trump his copy upon realizing he had it in his pocket.[22][26][27] According to the New York Times, Khan has long kept a supply of pocket Constitutions in his home, carrying one around and distributing copies to visitors "the way other hosts might distribute a party favor."[1] Following the speech, sales of pocket Constitutions soared, with one 2005 edition rising to the second position on Amazon.com's bestsellers list.[22][25] The ACLU offered free copies through their website until Election Day (November 8, 2016), but public demand (reportedly over 100,000) exhausted their supply within days.[28][29] The ACLU also offered an "I'll gladly lend you mine" graphic tee shirt.[30] A year later, The Guardian' Simon Hattenstone called it "a defining image" of the election, which "remains the most eloquent response to Trump's bigotry."[5]

New York magazine's Andrew Sullivan declared the speech "the fulcrum of this election," and one minute after it had ended, a spike in searches for "register to vote" was seen on Google.[31][32][33][34][35]

Trump's response

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In an interview with ABC News, George Stephanopoulos asked Trump about the content of the speech, asking him to respond to the charge that he had not made sacrifices. Trump began by suggesting that Hillary Clinton's campaign staff had written the speech (according to Khizr, they wrote it themselves),[26] and said, "I think I've made a lot of sacrifices ... I've created thousands and thousands of jobs, tens of thousands of jobs, built great structures. I've had tremendous success. I think I've done a lot."[23][36] He went on to describe financial help he has provided for veterans' causes.[37] Trump also remarked on Ghazala's presence on stage, implying a connection between her silence and gender roles in Islam: "If you look at his wife, she was standing there. She had nothing to say. She probably—maybe she wasn't allowed to have anything to say. You tell me ."[23][38][39][40]

Directly responding to Trump's comments, Ghazala wrote an op-ed in The Washington Post, saying that Trump is ignorant with regard to Islam and its relationship to terrorism, and explaining that while she was asked if she wanted to speak, she felt she would be too upset to do so.[41][42][43] In an interview on Morning Joe the day after the op-ed was published, she added, "All Muslim women have very strong opinions if they have to talk to their husbands they can say anything they like to. We are not from that type of culture that we will just have to follow the husband. Islam teaches us to be equal, but we have different responsibility. At home wife is in charge, outside men, whatever, he his making, whatever, he is bringing home and we both got together as husband and wife to raise the family."[44][45]

Political and public reaction

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Trump's comments sparked widespread outrage and condemnation from both Democrats and Republicans, and were widely reported in the press.[19][21] Prominently, Republican Senator John McCain of Arizona, who Khizr says was a hero to Humayun,[46] issued a statement about what he called his "most severe disagreement" with Trump, saying "While our party has bestowed upon him the nomination, it is not accompanied by unfettered license to defame those who are the best among us."[47][48][49] In a Washington Post op-ed, Republican Senator Susan Collins of Maine cited Trump's treatment of the Khans as one of the major reasons why she "will not be voting for Donald Trump for president."[50][51]

Muslim American women took to social media with the hashtag "#CanYouHearUsNow" to protest Trump's comments.[52] The organization Veterans of Foreign Wars issued a statement saying, "Election year or not, the VFW will not tolerate anyone berating a Gold Star family member for exercising his or her right of speech or expression."[53][54] Paul Rieckhoff of the Iraq and Afghanistan Veterans of America said that Trump's comparison of his own sacrifice to families who lost family members in war was "insulting, foolish and ignorant."[21] The Jewish War Veterans of the United States said that Trump was worthy of "contempt" and said that his remarks on Ghazala Khan were "vile beyond words."[55] An open letter by 23 Gold Star families called upon Trump to apologize to the Khans.[56][57][58]

On August 4, a group of protesters at a Trump rally in Portland, Maine, were ejected after standing among the seated attendees and silently holding up pocket Constitutions.[59]

On August 5, Khizr told Anderson Cooper that he and his wife were withdrawing from further TV appearances because it was emotionally draining, but said they would not be silent.[1] On September 3, the Khans were special guests at the Islamic Society of North America convention in Rosemont, Illinois, where they both spoke. They did not address the election, other than Ghazala joking, "I have to speak today."[60]

Khizr made one other high-profile appearance before the election on October 21, 2016, when the Hillary Clinton campaign released a 60-second television ad featuring Khizr Khan at home, showing the viewer pictures and mementos while telling the story of Humayun's sacrifice, and his voice wells up as he concludes, "I want to ask Mr. Trump: Would my son have a place in your America?"[61] In the final weeks of the election, Khizr joined Hillary Clinton on the campaign trail in Virginia.[62]

Post-election activities

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Khizr Khan speaking at the "No Muslim Ban Ever" rally outside the Supreme Court, April 2018

After Trump's victory in the presidential election, in response to his announced nominations for cabinet positions before the inauguration, Khizr Khan urged the Senate Judiciary Committee to reject Senator Jeff Sessions as Attorney General, pointing out the Senate's rejection of Sessions in 1986 for a federal judgeship over racism concerns, and adding that Sessions "does not understand patriotic dissent."[63] Khizr also voiced opposition against Trump's travel ban on seven Muslim-majority countries, threatening an anti-Trump boycott if the ban was not repealed.[64]

On March 5, 2017, Khan canceled a planned speaking engagement in Toronto and said he had been told that his travel privileges were being reviewed. His Facebook announcement said, "This turn of events is not just of deep concern to me but to all my fellow Americans who cherish our freedom to travel abroad. I have not been given any reason as to why."[65][66] Camielle Edwards, spokeswoman for Canada's Immigration Minister Ahmed Hussen, said, "We are unaware of any restrictions regarding this traveler."[67] Khan later said that he "did not want to go through the hassle of uncertain rules and capricious implementation" at the border.[68]

On August 18, 2020, Khan appeared on video as a delegate at the Democratic National Convention to announce the votes of Virginia for Joe Biden.[69]

 
Khizr Khan awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom by President Joe Biden in July 2022

On July 30, 2021, President Biden announced plans to appoint Khan to the United States Commission on International Religious Freedom;[70][71] presidential appointments to the commission do not require congressional approval.[72] On July 1, 2022, the White House announced that Khizr Khan would be awarded the Presidential Medal of Freedom.[73]

Khizr is also the founder of the Constitution Literacy and National Unity Project.[74]

Memoir

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Khizr published a memoir in October 2017 entitled An American Family: A Memoir of Hope and Sacrifice, published by Random House.[75] Simon Hattenstone wrote in The Guardian that while "it tells the story of the Khan family ... it is also a universal story of migration—struggle, hope and achievement".[5] In the New York Times Book Review, Linda Chavez said it "can teach all of us what real American patriotism looks like" and called it "a wonderful refutation of Trump's nativism and bigotry" without becoming a "partisan polemic".[76] Alyssa Rosenberg wrote in The Washington Post that the memoir is "a small but lovely immigrant's journey" which successfully avoids "Trump outbursts".[14] She went on to say that "Khizr Khan is probably a better American than I am. But it's a strength of his book that I felt inspired, rather than condemned, by that conclusion."[14]

Khizr also wrote a book with Anne Quirk in 2019 entitled This is Our Constitution, published by Yearling. The book is intended for the younger audience, especially dedicated to the middle school students and teachers. In the book Khizr informs the readers about the U.S. Constitution and also shares his personal reflection.[77] The "proceeds from the books are allocated to a need based scholarship titled 'CPT Humayun Khan Memorial Scholarship' at the University of Virginia".[78]

See also

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References

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  1. ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Kleinfield, N.R; Oppel, Richard A. Jr.; Eddy, Melissa (August 5, 2016). "Moment in Convention Glare Shakes Up Khans' American Life". The New York Times. Retrieved August 6, 2016.
  2. ^ "U.S. Public Records Index, 1950–1993, Volume 1 – Khizr Khan". Ancestry.com. Retrieved August 5, 2016.
  3. ^ "U.S. Public Records Index, 1950–1993, Volume 1 – Ghazala Khan". Ancestry.com. Retrieved August 5, 2016.
  4. ^ Khan, Khizr Muazzam (1983). "Juristic Classification of Islamic Law". Houston Journal of International Law (6): 23. Khizr Muazzam Khan**
    ** LL.B., 1974 Punjab University Law College, LL.M, 1982 University of Missouri Law School; Specializing in International Trade Law in Saudi Arabia, the U.S., and Pakistan.
  5. ^ a b c d e f g Hattenstone, Simon (October 21, 2017). "Khizr Khan: the patriotic American Muslim who called out Donald Trump". The Guardian.
  6. ^ a b c Oppel, Richard A. Jr. (July 29, 2016). "In Tribute to Son, Khizr Khan Offered Citizenship Lesson at Convention". The New York Times. ISSN 0362-4331. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  7. ^ a b Aleaziz, Hamed (July 27, 2016). "How Khizr Khan prepared for anti-Trump DNC speech". San Francisco Chronicle. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  8. ^ Polantz, Katelyn (July 29, 2016). "DNC Speaker Khizr Khan a Man of Character, Say Former Big-Law Colleagues". Khan spent seven years, from 2000 to 2007, in the Washington, D.C., office of then-Hogan & Hartson. He served as the firm's manager of litigation technology.
  9. ^ a b McCrummen, Stephanie (March 22, 2005). "Looking for Logic Amid the Pain: Grieving Father Struggles to Understand". The Washington Post. Archived from the original on August 11, 2016. (reposted July 28, 2016 as "Khizr Khan's loss: A grieving father of a soldier struggles to understand" (archived July 31, 2016))
  10. ^ Kelly, Matt (September 24, 2004). "U.Va.'s ROTC Divisions Pay Tribute to Fallen Comrade". virginia.edu/topnews. Archived from the original on September 17, 2006.
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  12. ^ "Section 60 Arlington National Cemetery: Home". HBO. Retrieved August 3, 2016.
  13. ^ King, James (December 9, 2015). "The Father Of A Muslim War Hero Has This To Say To Donald Trump". Vocativ. HuffPost.
  14. ^ a b c Rosenberg, Alyssa (October 25, 2017). "Khizr Khan's memoir, 'An American Family,' made me want to be a better American". The Washington Post.
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  22. ^ a b c Sunstein, Cass (August 3, 2016). "Commentary: That pocket Constitution packs a few surprises". Chicago Tribune. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
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  35. ^ Steele, Chandra (August 1, 2016). "How to Register to Vote Online". PCMag.
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  37. ^ Yuhas, Alan (July 31, 2016). "Trump attacks Muslim father's Democratic convention speech". The Guardian. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
  38. ^ Merod, Anna (July 30, 2016). "Donald Trump Questions Army Father's DNC Speech, Wife's Silence". NBC News.
  39. ^ Mandell, Hinda (August 1, 2016). "Ghazala Khan And The Power Of Silence". WBUR-FM.
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  43. ^ Markey, Taylor. "Westernized Women?: The Construction of Muslim Women's Dissent in U.S. Asylum Law" (PDF). UCLA Law Review. Archived from the original (PDF) on July 28, 2018. Retrieved July 28, 2018.
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  45. ^ Smith, Allan (August 1, 2016). "Khan family: The response to our DNC speech 'really affirms' our love for America". Business Insider.
  46. ^ Moody, Chris (August 3, 2016). "Khizr Khan: John McCain was my son's 'hero'". CNN. Retrieved August 6, 2016.
  47. ^ Peterson, Kristina; Hook, Janet (August 1, 2016). "John McCain Denounces Donald Trump's Comments on Khizr Khan, Ghazala Khan". The Wall Street Journal. Retrieved August 2, 2016.
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  49. ^ Everett, Burgess (August 29, 2016). "Why McCain refuses to go maverick on Trump". Politico. Retrieved September 1, 2016.
  50. ^ Collins, Susan (August 8, 2016). "GOP senator Susan Collins: Why I cannot support Trump". The Washington Post. Retrieved August 9, 2016.
  51. ^ Burns, Alexander (August 8, 2016). "Susan Collins of Maine Says She Will Not Vote for Donald Trump". The New York Times. Retrieved August 9, 2016.
  52. ^ Foran, Clare (August 24, 2016). "How American Muslim Women Are Taking on Trump". The Atlantic. Retrieved August 25, 2016.
  53. ^ Ornitz, Jill (August 1, 2016). "Veterans group chastises Trump for attacks on fallen soldier's parents". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  54. ^ Engel, Pamela (August 1, 2016). "Veterans group slams Trump: 'There are certain sacrosanct subjects that no amount of wordsmithing can repair'". Business Insider. Retrieved August 1, 2016.
  55. ^ "Jewish veterans group slams Trump over attacks on Muslim war hero's family". Jewish Telegraphic Agency. August 2, 2016. Retrieved August 3, 2016.
  56. ^ "VoteVets releases Gold Star Family Members letter to Trump, demand apology for all Gold Star Families". VoteVets.Org. August 1, 2016. Archived from the original on August 18, 2016. Family members of twenty-three fallen service-members are writing to Donald J. Trump today
  57. ^ Wright, David (August 1, 2016). "VFW slams Trump, Gold Star families demand apology". CNN. Retrieved August 3, 2016.
  58. ^ Jackson, Lucas; Goldberg, Barbara (August 3, 2016). "Muslim families of fallen U.S. soldiers driven to oppose Trump". Reuters. Retrieved August 3, 2016.
  59. ^ Diamond, Jeremy (August 4, 2016). "Protesters with pocket Constitutions removed from Trump rally". CNN. Retrieved August 4, 2016.
  60. ^ Johnsen, Greta (September 3, 2016). "Muslim Convention, Attended By Khans, Brings Measured Criticism of Trump". WBEZ. Retrieved September 24, 2016.
  61. ^ Merica, Dan (October 21, 2016). "In emotional new ad, Khizr Khan asks if his fallen son would have a place in Trump's America". CNN. Retrieved October 21, 2016.
  62. ^ Megerian, Chris (October 25, 2016). "Gold Star father Khizr Khan will stump for Hillary Clinton in Virginia". Los Angeles Times. Retrieved January 31, 2017.
  63. ^ Nelson, Louis (January 9, 2017). "Khizr Khan urges Senate panel to oppose Sessions' confirmation". Politico. Retrieved February 1, 2017.
  64. ^ Siddiqui, Sabrina (February 1, 2017). "Khizr Khan, Gold Star father, warns of anti-Trump boycott after travel ban". The Guardian. Retrieved February 3, 2017.
  65. ^ "American citizen Khizr Khan reportedly cancels trip to Canada". March 5, 2017. Retrieved March 5, 2017.
  66. ^ Cherelus, Gina (March 6, 2017). "Father of slain soldier who criticized Trump says travel rights reviewed". Reuters. Retrieved March 6, 2017.
  67. ^ Bearak, Max (March 7, 2017). "Khizr Khan's claim that the U.S. is restricting his travel may be unraveling". The Washington Post. Retrieved March 12, 2017.
  68. ^ Spencer, Hawes (March 17, 2017). "Khan Breaks Silence on Canada Travel Cancellation". Community Idea Stations. Archived from the original on March 17, 2017. Retrieved March 17, 2017.
  69. ^ "Khizr Khan to Donald Trump: The offer to read my pocket Constitution still stands, 4 years later". WVEC. August 18, 2020. Retrieved August 19, 2020.
  70. ^ Niedzwiadek, Nick (July 30, 2021). "Biden nominates Trump critic Khizr Khan to religious freedom commission". POLITICO. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  71. ^ "President Biden Announces Intent to Nominate and Appoint Leaders to Serve in Key Religious Affairs Roles" (Press release). Washington, D.C.: White House. July 30, 2021. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  72. ^ "Frequently Asked Questions". uscirf.gov. United States Commission on International Religious Freedom. Retrieved July 30, 2021.
  73. ^ "President Biden Announces Recipients of the Presidential Medal of Freedom". whitehouse.gov. White House. July 1, 2022. Retrieved July 1, 2022.
  74. ^ Magid, Jacob (August 1, 2021). "Holocaust Historian Deborah Lipstadt Nominated as US Anti-Semitism Envoy". The Atlanta Jewish Times. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  75. ^ Khan, Khizr (October 24, 2017). An American Family: A Memoir of Hope And Sacrifice. Random House. ISBN 978-0-399-59249-2.
  76. ^ Chavez, Linda (October 20, 2017). "What Trump Can Learn From a Gold Star Family". The New York Times. Retrieved October 20, 2017.
  77. ^ "This Is Our Constitution by Khizr Khan: 9781524770945 | PenguinRandomHouse.com: Books". PenguinRandomhouse.com. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
  78. ^ "Khizr Khan". SAFA. Retrieved July 30, 2022.
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