Kirkkonummi (Finnish pronunciation: [ˈkirkːoˌnumːi]; Swedish: Kyrkslätt, Finland Swedish: [ˈtɕyrːkslet] , Sweden Swedish: [ˈɕʏ̂rːkslɛt]) is a municipality in Finland, located in the southern coast of the country. Kirkkonummi is situated in the western part of the Uusimaa region. The population of Kirkkonummi is approximately 42,000. It is the 28th most populous municipality in Finland. Kirkkonummi is part of the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, which has approximately 1.6 million inhabitants.
Kirkkonummi
Kirkkonummi – Kyrkslätt | |
|---|---|
Municipality | |
| Kirkkonummen kunta Kyrkslätts kommun | |
 | |
 Coat of arms | |
 Location of Kirkkonummi in Finland | |
| Coordinates: 60°07′N 024°26′E / 60.117°N 24.433°E | |
| Country |  Finland |
| Region | Uusimaa |
| Sub-region | Helsinki sub-region |
| Metropolitan area | Helsinki metropolitan area |
| Charter | 1330 |
| Municipal manager | Tarmo Aarnio |
| Seat | Kirkkonummen keskusta |
| Villages | Masala, Veikkola |
| Area (2018-01-01)[1] | |
• Total | 1,017.01 km2 (392.67 sq mi) |
| • Land | 366.6 km2 (141.5 sq mi) |
| • Water | 649.91 km2 (250.93 sq mi) |
| • Rank | 209th largest in Finland |
| Population (2024-10-31)[2] | |
• Total | 41,610 |
| • Rank | 28th largest in Finland |
| • Density | 113.5/km2 (294/sq mi) |
| Population by native language | |
| • Finnish | 73.2% (official) |
| • Swedish | 14.8% (official) |
| • Others | 11.9% |
| Population by age | |
| • 0 to 14 | 19% |
| • 15 to 64 | 64.1% |
| • 65 or older | 16.9% |
| Time zone | UTC+02:00 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+03:00 (EEST) |
| Website | www |
Kirkkonummi is situated on the northern shore of the Gulf of Finland and borders Espoo, Vihti, Siuntio and Ingå. The literal meaning of the words "Kirkkonummi" and "Kyrkslätt" in English is "church heath".
Kirkkonummi is a bilingual municipality with Finnish and Swedish as its official languages. The population consists of 73% Finnish speakers, 15% Swedish speakers, and 12% speakers of other languages.
Geography
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The municipality is located just outside the Helsinki Metropolitan Area, bordering the city of Espoo in the east. Other neighbouring municipalities are Vihti and Siuntio. The distance from the municipal centre to central Helsinki is some 30 kilometres (20 mi). Kirkkonummi also has excellent train and bus connections to other parts of the Greater Helsinki area, and many of its inhabitants commute daily to Helsinki.
The municipality covers an area of 1,017.01 square kilometres (392.67 sq mi) of which 649.91 km2 (250.93 sq mi) is water.[1] The population density is 113.5 inhabitants per square kilometre (294/sq mi). In recent years, Kirkkonummi has faced the highest population growth rate in the country, at over 3% per annum.
Major population centres in Kirkkonummi include the municipal centre, Masala, Veikkola, Kantvik and the Upinniemi naval garrison area. In addition to these, there are dozens of smaller villages. Geographically, Kirkkonummi has two famous peninsulas, namely Porkkala and Upinniemi, the latter one of which houses a major Finnish naval base. Porkkala is also on one of the main bird migration routes in the Baltic Sea region. Additionally, Kirkkonummi has a large central plains area, through which a railway goes from Helsinki to Turku as well as extensive lake areas, much of which is relatively untouched wilderness.
Climate
editKirkkonummi has a four-season humid continental climate (Köppen: Dfb) with long, cold, snowy winters, and warm summers; spring and fall are somewhat cool and brief seasons. Similar to that of Nova Scotia or Hokkaidō. The monthly daily average temperatures range from -3.9 °C (25.0 °F) in January to 20 °C (68 °F) in July. Precipitation is well-spread throughout the year, though late spring to early summer is the driest season while late fall to winter tends to be the wettest. Its location in the very southern tip of Finland gives it a milder climate than that of northern Finland, being influenced by the North Atlantic Current and the Baltic Sea. Record temperatures range from -31.4 °C (-24.5 °F) in February, up to 34.8 °C (94.6 °F) in July. The plant life hardiness zones are between 6a and 7a, representing an annual extreme minimum temperature between −23.3 and −17.8 °C (−9.9 and 0.0 °F).[6]
| Climate data for Kirkkonummi 2010-present normals, records 2010-present | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Record high °C (°F) | 8.3 (46.9) |
8.7 (47.7) |
14.5 (58.1) |
21.7 (71.1) |
29.9 (85.8) |
32.5 (90.5) |
34.8 (94.6) |
32.6 (90.7) |
25.4 (77.7) |
18.6 (65.5) |
14.2 (57.6) |
11.4 (52.5) |
34.8 (94.6) |
| Mean maximum °C (°F) | 7.1 (44.8) |
6.7 (44.1) |
10.3 (50.5) |
17.4 (63.3) |
27.1 (80.8) |
31.0 (87.8) |
31.8 (89.2) |
29.4 (84.9) |
23.5 (74.3) |
14.9 (58.8) |
10.4 (50.7) |
7.2 (45.0) |
17.8 (64.0) |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | −1.0 (30.2) |
−2.2 (28.0) |
4.6 (40.3) |
9.4 (48.9) |
15.7 (60.3) |
20.5 (68.9) |
22.6 (72.7) |
21.1 (70.0) |
15.7 (60.3) |
8.5 (47.3) |
3.5 (38.3) |
0.0 (32.0) |
9.1 (48.4) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | −2.4 (27.7) |
−4.8 (23.4) |
1.1 (34.0) |
5.6 (42.1) |
12.0 (53.6) |
18.1 (64.6) |
20.0 (68.0) |
18.6 (65.5) |
14.6 (58.3) |
7.6 (45.7) |
2.7 (36.9) |
−1.3 (29.7) |
7.4 (45.3) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | −4.0 (24.8) |
−5.7 (21.7) |
−1.1 (30.0) |
3.0 (37.4) |
8.3 (46.9) |
13.9 (57.0) |
16.2 (61.2) |
14.1 (57.4) |
9.5 (49.1) |
6.8 (44.2) |
1.0 (33.8) |
−2.6 (27.3) |
5.8 (42.4) |
| Mean minimum °C (°F) | −23.9 (−11.0) |
−26.1 (−15.0) |
−17.3 (0.9) |
−7.2 (19.0) |
−2.4 (27.7) |
5.8 (42.4) |
7.3 (45.1) |
6.5 (43.7) |
1.4 (34.5) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−16.9 (1.6) |
−8.6 (16.5) |
| Record low °C (°F) | −30.2 (−22.4) |
−31.4 (−24.5) |
−24.3 (−11.7) |
−11.8 (10.8) |
−5.1 (22.8) |
2.8 (37.0) |
5.9 (42.6) |
3.2 (37.8) |
−3.7 (25.3) |
−8.3 (17.1) |
−21.7 (−7.1) |
−25.6 (−14.1) |
−31.4 (−24.5) |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 89 | 86 | 77 | 69 | 64 | 66 | 70 | 77 | 83 | 85 | 89 | 89 | 79 |
| Source 1: Past Weather in Kirkkonummi, Finland 2010–2020[7] | |||||||||||||
| Source 2: record highs and lows[8] | |||||||||||||
History
editKirkkonummi has been populated from the Stone Age to the present day as evidenced by the first Stone Age rock paintings found in Finland that are located by lake Vitträsk in the central lake region of Kirkkonummi. Incidentally, these paintings were found by the famous Finnish composer Jean Sibelius. The southern half of the municipality was leased to the Soviet Union between 1945 and 1956 for use as a naval base as part of the peace settlement that ended the hostilities between the Soviet Union and Finland during World War II. Signs of this time include concrete bunkers, other fortifications and the remains of an airbase.
Politics
editResults of the 2011 Finnish parliamentary election in Kirkkonummi:
- National Coalition Party 30.7%
- Social Democratic Party 16.8%
- True Finns 16.3%
- Swedish People's Party 14.3%
- Green League 10.1%
- Centre Party 4.4%
- Left Alliance 3.6%
- Christian Democrats 2.3%
Attractions
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Places of interest located in Kirkkonummi include the medieval stone church in the municipal centre, the wooden church in the village of Haapajärvi, as well as the Hvitträsk manor designed by Finnish architects Eliel Saarinen, Herman Gesellius and Armas Lindgren.
Notable people
edit- Herman Gesellius (1874–1916), architect
- Jani Hakanpää (born 1992), professional ice hockey player
- Laura Närhi (born 1978), pop singer
- Riikka Purra (born 1977), politician
- Eero Saarinen (1910–1961), architect
International relations
editTwin towns — Sister cities
edit
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b "Area of Finnish Municipalities 1.1.2018" (PDF). National Land Survey of Finland. Retrieved 30 January 2018.
- ^ "Finland's preliminary population figure was 5,635,560 at the end of October 2024". Population structure. Statistics Finland. 2024-11-19. ISSN 1797-5395. Retrieved 2024-11-22.
- ^ "Population growth biggest in nearly 70 years". Population structure. Statistics Finland. 2024-04-26. ISSN 1797-5395. Retrieved 2024-04-29.
- ^ "Population according to age (1-year) and sex by area and the regional division of each statistical reference year, 2003–2020". StatFin. Statistics Finland. Retrieved 2 May 2021.
- ^ a b "Luettelo kuntien ja seurakuntien tuloveroprosenteista vuonna 2023". Tax Administration of Finland. 14 November 2022. Retrieved 7 May 2023.
- ^ "Finland Plant Hardiness Zone Map"
- ^ "Past weather for Kirkkonummi 2010-present".
- ^ "FMI data". FMI. Retrieved 25 September 2020.
- ^ "Ystävyyskunnat" (in Finnish). Municipality of Kirkkonummi. Retrieved 23 August 2019.
External links
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Media related to Kirkkonummi at Wikimedia Commons
Kirkkonummi travel guide from Wikivoyage
- Municipality of Kirkkonummi – official website (in Finnish and Swedish)