Koroshi (Koroshi: کوروشی, Balochi: کوروٚشی) is a Balochi dialect.[2] The speakers of Koroshi live in scattered pockets in Southern Iranian Fars province. The number of speakers was estimated to be 1000 in 2006.[1] According to Ethnologue the dialect has 180 speakers within 40 to 50 families.[3]
| Koroshi | |
|---|---|
| کوروشی | |
| Native to | Iran |
Native speakers | 1000 (2006)[1] |
| Persian alphabet | |
| Official status | |
| Regulated by | Academy of Persian Language and Literature |
| Language codes | |
| ISO 639-3 | ktl |
| Glottolog | koro1296 |
| ELP | Koroshi |
Entirely isolated from the main body of the Baloch habitat, Koroshi distinguishes itself in grammar and lexicon among Balochi varieties.[4]
Phonology
editThe transcription used here is only an approximation:
Vowels
edit- short: â, a, e, i, o, u
- long: â:, ā, ē, ī, ō, ū
Consonants
edit- voiced dental fricative: ð, like in 'sað' (hundred).
- voiced velar fricative: ɣ, like in 'maɣz' (copula).
- alveolar trill: like in 'arra' (saw, the hand tool).
- palatal: 'g' and 'k', like in 'heykal' (body) and 'merzeng' (eyelash).
Grammar
editVerbs
edit- Infinitive markers: -ag ('g' is palatal here).
Nouns
edit- The suffixes "-yok" and "-â" make nouns definite. Examples:
golâbi (pear) → golâbi-yok (the pear)
bâmard (man) → bâmard-â (the man)
- The indefinite marker is "i". Example:
čok (child) → čokk-i (a child)
- The plural is marked by the suffixes "-gal" and "obâr" . Examples:
mardin (man) → mardin-gal (men)
sib (apple) → sib-obâr (apples)
- Adjectives are placed before nouns. Examples:
siyâhayn angur (black grape)
qašanguveyn pirâhâm (beautiful shirt)
Vocabulary
edit
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Example sentences
edit| English | Koroshi | Balochi | Persian |
|---|---|---|---|
| What is this? | i či-yen? | اے چیئے؟ | این چیست؟ / en či-ye? |
| Where is Ali? | ali ko-yen? | ئَلی کۏ اِنت؟/ئلی کجا اِنت؟ | علی کجاست؟ - ali ku? |
| This horse is white. | i asp esbiyeð-en. | ای سُپݔتݔن/اِسپݔتݔن اسپ اِنتٚ | .این اسب سفید است - en/in asb sefid-e |
| They say he works ten hours a day. | maya šey-ant rōč-i dah sâat kâr makan-a. | آ گُش اَنت رۏچے دہ ساھَت کارءَ کَنت | .میگویند روزی ده ساعت کار میکند - ânhâ migan, ke ū(n) dah soat dar rūz kar mikonê. |
| I have two small brothers and sisters. | do tâ kâkâ(berâd) vo gâhâr-e kassân assen-om. | منا دو كسانݔن برات ءُ گوٚھار ھہ۔ | .دو برادر و خواهر کوچک دارم - do tâ doxtar va baradâr daram |
| If you will go just once to their village, you won't forget the hospitality of its people. | aga faqat ya dafâ ba âšâni dâhâ rafayado âšâni mehmândâriyâ hič vaxt yâdo anaraft. | اگہ تؤ یک برے آ مردمانء جاھا بہ روئ ھچبر آیانء مھمانداریئا نہ شمۏش اݔت؟ | .اگر تنها یکبار به ده آنها رفته باشی، مهماننوازی مردم آنجا را هرگز از یاد نخواهی برد - agar faqat ye(k) bar be deh e ishân beri, tu mehmânnvaziye mardom o yâdet nemirê. |
| Who called me? | kayad manâ ganki jad? | کئئا منا گوانک جَت؟ | چه کسی مرا صدا زد؟ - ki manô sedâ kard? |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ a b Salami, A., 1385 AP / 2006 AD. Ganjineye guyeššenâsiye Fârs (The treasury of the dialectology of Fars). Third Volume, The academy of Persian language and literature. [1] Archived 2010-09-26 at the Wayback Machine ISBN 964-7531-54-0 (in Persian)
- ^ Ethnologue report for Southwestern Iranian languages
- ^ Ethnologue Languages of the world, Koroshi
- ^ Borjian, H. (2014). "The Balochi Dialect of the Korosh". Acta Orientalia Academiae Scientiarum Hung. 67 (4): 453–465. doi:10.1556/AOrient.67.2014.4.4..
Further reading
edit- Nourzaei, M., Jahani, C., Anonby, E., and Ahangar, A. A. (2015). Koroshi. A Corpus-based Grammatical Description. Uppsala: Acta Universitatis Upsaliensis. Studia Iranica Upsaliensia 13. ISBN 978-91-554-9267-0.