Koryak Okrug (Russian: Коря́кский о́круг, romanized: Koryakskiy okrug; Koryak: Чав’чываокруг, Cav’cәvaokrug), or Koryakia (Russian: Корякия, romanized: Koryakiya), was an administrative division of Kamchatka Krai, Russia.[2] It was a federal subject of Russia (an autonomous okrug of Kamchatka Oblast) from 1931[3] until July 1, 2007, when it merged with Kamchatka Oblast. Prior to the merger, it was called Koryak Autonomous Okrug (Коря́кский автоно́мный о́круг). Its administrative center is the urban locality (an urban-type settlement) of Palana. Population: 18,759 (2010 Census);[1] 25,157 (2002 Census);[4] 39,363 (1989 Soviet census).[5]
| Koryak Okrug Коря́кский о́круг | |||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Former Okrug of Russia | |||||||||
| 1931–2007 | |||||||||
.svg) Coat of arms
| |||||||||
.png) Location of Koryakia district within Modern Russia. | |||||||||
| Capital | Palana | ||||||||
| Population | |||||||||
• | 18,759 (2,010 Census);[1] | ||||||||
| History | |||||||||
• Established | 1931 | ||||||||
• Disestablished | 1 July 2007 | ||||||||
| |||||||||
| Today part of |  Russia Kamchatka Krai | ||||||||
Demographics
editAs of the 2002 census, Koryaks constituted about a quarter of the population. At the time, it had the smallest population of all the federal subjects, despite being ranked seventeenth in size, at 301,500 square kilometers (116,400 sq mi), encompassing part of the northern half of Kamchatka Peninsula.
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Vital statistics
edit| Average population (x 1000) | Live births | Deaths | Natural change | Crude birth rate (per 1000) | Crude death rate (per 1000) | Natural change (per 1000) | |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| 1970 | 31 | 683 | 356 | 327 | 22.0 | 11.5 | 10.5 |
| 1975 | 33 | 706 | 374 | 332 | 21.4 | 11.3 | 10.1 |
| 1980 | 35 | 701 | 351 | 350 | 20.0 | 10.0 | 10.0 |
| 1985 | 37 | 793 | 289 | 504 | 21.4 | 7.8 | 13.6 |
| 1990 | 38 | 635 | 342 | 293 | 16.9 | 9.1 | 7.8 |
| 1991 | 38 | 623 | 350 | 273 | 16.6 | 9.3 | 7.3 |
| 1992 | 37 | 611 | 369 | 242 | 16.7 | 10.1 | 6.6 |
| 1993 | 34 | 459 | 433 | 26 | 13.3 | 12.6 | 0.8 |
| 1994 | 32 | 433 | 460 | - 27 | 13.5 | 14.3 | -0.8 |
| 1995 | 31 | 382 | 481 | - 99 | 12.5 | 15.8 | -3.2 |
| 1996 | 29 | 374 | 436 | - 62 | 12.7 | 14.8 | -2.1 |
| 1997 | 29 | 373 | 400 | - 27 | 13.0 | 13.9 | -0.9 |
| 1998 | 28 | 396 | 355 | 41 | 14.2 | 12.7 | 1.5 |
| 1999 | 27 | 319 | 397 | - 78 | 11.8 | 14.7 | -2.9 |
| 2000 | 26 | 289 | 391 | - 102 | 11.0 | 14.9 | -3.9 |
| 2001 | 26 | 298 | 390 | - 92 | 11.6 | 15.1 | -3.6 |
| 2002 | 25 | 310 | 376 | - 66 | 12.3 | 14.9 | -2.6 |
| 2003 | 24 | 268 | 462 | - 194 | 11.0 | 19.0 | -8.0 |
| 2004 | 24 | 339 | 463 | - 124 | 14.4 | 19.7 | -5.3 |
| 2005 | 23 | 294 | 466 | - 172 | 12.9 | 20.5 | -7.6 |
| 2006 | 22 | 270 | 366 | - 96 | 12.3 | 16.7 | -4.4 |
| 2007 | 21 | 280 | 351 | - 71 | 13.2 | 16.5 | -3.3 |
| 2008 | 20 | 267 | 368 | - 101 | 13.0 | 18.0 | -4.9 |
| 2009 | 20 | 268 | 365 | - 97 | 13.6 | 18.5 | -4.9 |
| 2010 | 19 | 233 | 397 | - 164 | 12.3 | 20.9 | -8.7 |
Ethnic groups
editAbout 50.5% of the total population is indigenous, the Koryaks being the largest such group. They are, however, outnumbered by the ethnic Russians.
| Ethnic group |
1939 Census | 1959 Census | 1970 Census | 1979 Census | 1989 Census | 2002 Census | 2010 Census | 2021 Census | ||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | Number | % | |
| Koryaks | 6,855 | 27.2% | 5,010 | 18.2% | 5,893 | 19.1% | 5,660 | 16.2% | 6,572 | 16.5% | 6,710 | 26.7% | 5,676 | 30.3% | 5,215 | 33.4% |
| Chukchis | 1,267 | 5.0% | 1,062 | 3.9% | 1,164 | 3.8% | 1,222 | 3.5% | 1,460 | 3.7% | 1,412 | 5.6% | 1,327 | 7.1% | 1,022 | 6.6% |
| Itelmens | 801 | 3.2% | 900 | 3.3% | 970 | 3.1% | 1,002 | 2.9% | 1,179 | 3.0% | 1,181 | 4.7% | 948 | 5.1% | 878 | 5.6% |
| Evens | 714 | 2.8% | 520 | 1.9% | 613 | 2.0% | 476 | 1.4% | 713 | 1.8% | 751 | 3.0% | 743 | 4.0% | 573 | 3.7% |
| Russians | 13,794 | 54.8% | 16,674 | 60.6% | 19,522 | 63.1% | 22,493 | 64.5% | 24,773 | 62.0% | 12,719 | 50.6% | 8,669 | 46.2% | 6,728 | 43.1% |
| Ukrainians | 847 | 3.4% | 1,310 | 4.8% | 1,186 | 3.8% | 1,999 | 5.7% | 2,896 | 7.3% | 1,029 | 4.1% | 474 | 2.5% | 209 | 1.3% |
| Others | 882 | 3.5% | 2,049 | 7.4% | 1,569 | 5.1% | 1,999 | 5.7% | 2,347 | 5.9% | 1,355 | 5.4% | 976 | 6.3% | ||
| Total | 25,160 | 27,525 | 30,917 | 34,850 | 39,940 | 25,157 | 18,759 | 15,601 | ||||||||
2006 earthquake
edit
On April 20, 2006, Kamchatka Peninsula was struck by a major earthquake. The 7.7-magnitude tremor had its epicenter near the village of Tilichiki. The Koryakia branch of the Ministry of Emergency Situations said some area residents were injured but there were no fatalities.
The quake occurred at about noon local time Friday, so residents were awake and not caught in their beds.
The United States Geological Survey reported a series of at least fifty smaller aftershocks in the area and immediately offshore. They ranged from 4.1 to 6.5 magnitudes on the Richter scale.
Bruce Presgrave, a geophysicist with the U.S.G.S. in Colorado, said the quake was relatively shallow. He estimated that about 2,000 people live close enough to the epicenter to have felt its full force.
See also
editReferences
editNotes
edit- ^ a b Russian Federal State Statistics Service (2011). Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года. Том 1 [2010 All-Russian Population Census, vol. 1]. Всероссийская перепись населения 2010 года [2010 All-Russia Population Census] (in Russian). Federal State Statistics Service.
- ^ Федеральный конституционный закон №2-ФКЗ от 12 июля 2006 года "Об образовании в составе Российской Федерации нового субъекта Российской Федерации в результате объединения Камчатской области и Корякского автономного округа". Статья 5. (Federal Constitutional Law #2-FKZ of July 12, 2006 On Creation of a New Federal Subject Within the Russian Federation as a Result of the Merger of Kamchatka Oblast and Koryak Autonomous Okrug. Article 5) (in Russian)
- ^ Chaussonnet, p. 29
- ^ Federal State Statistics Service (May 21, 2004). Численность населения России, субъектов Российской Федерации в составе федеральных округов, районов, городских поселений, сельских населённых пунктов – районных центров и сельских населённых пунктов с населением 3 тысячи и более человек [Population of Russia, Its Federal Districts, Federal Subjects, Districts, Urban Localities, Rural Localities—Administrative Centers, and Rural Localities with Population of Over 3,000] (XLS). Всероссийская перепись населения 2002 года [All-Russia Population Census of 2002] (in Russian).
- ^ Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 г. Численность наличного населения союзных и автономных республик, автономных областей и округов, краёв, областей, районов, городских поселений и сёл-райцентров [All Union Population Census of 1989: Present Population of Union and Autonomous Republics, Autonomous Oblasts and Okrugs, Krais, Oblasts, Districts, Urban Settlements, and Villages Serving as District Administrative Centers]. Всесоюзная перепись населения 1989 года [All-Union Population Census of 1989] (in Russian). Институт демографии Национального исследовательского университета: Высшая школа экономики [Institute of Demography at the National Research University: Higher School of Economics]. 1989 – via Demoscope Weekly.
Sources
edit- Chaussonnet, Valerie (1995) Native Cultures of Alaska and Siberia. Arctic Studies Center. Washington, D.C. 112p. ISBN 1-56098-661-1