Kozelets (Ukrainian: Козелець, IPA: [koˈzelɛtsʲ]) is a rural settlement in Chernihiv Raion, Chernihiv Oblast, northern Ukraine. It hosts the administration of Kozelets settlement hromada, one of the hromadas of Ukraine.[1] Kozelets is located on the Oster River, a tributary of the Dnieper. Population: 7,496 (2022 estimate).[2]
Kozelets
Козелець | |
|---|---|
| Kozelets | |
 The town's main street, with the belltower in the background. | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
  Kozelets Location of Kozelets in Ukraine .svg) Kozelets Kozelets (Ukraine) | |
| Coordinates: 50°54′0″N 31°07′0″E / 50.90000°N 31.11667°E | |
| Country |  Ukraine |
| Oblast | Chernihiv Oblast |
| Raion | Chernihiv Raion |
| Hromada | Kozelets settlement hromada |
| First mentioned | 1098 |
| Magdeburg rights | 1656 |
| Town status | 1924 |
| Government | |
| • Head | Petro Fedchenko |
| Area | |
| • Total | 8.44 km2 (3.26 sq mi) |
| Population (2022) | |
| • Total | 7,496 |
| • Density | 1,037.67/km2 (2,687.6/sq mi) |
| Time zone | UTC+2 (EET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+3 (EEST) |
| Postal code | 17003 |
| Area code | +380 4646 |
| Website | http://rada.gov.ua/ |
The town was first mentioned in written documents in 1098, but its status as an urban-type settlement (a step below that of a city) was granted in 1924.[3]
Notable attractions in the city includes the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin designed in the Ukrainian Baroque style by architects Ivan Hryhorovych-Barskyi and Andrei Kvasov. Kozelets also houses several local food industries, and a veterinary technicum.[4]
History
editKozelets was first mentioned in 1098 as a fortified town in the East Slavic state of Kievan Rus'.[4] During times of the Polish–Lithuanian Commonwealth, Kozelets was known by the name Kozlohrad (Ukrainian: Козлоград).
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In the beginning of the seventeenth century, Kozelets was an important regional trade center.[5] The town was also a sotnia town in the Pereiaslav and Kiev Regiment of the Cossack Hetmanate during the seventeenth-eighteenth centuries.[6]
In 1656, Kozelets was granted the Magdeburg rights. The Kozelets Cossack Rada elected Yakym Somko as the Hetman of the Cossacks in 1662.[7][8] After the Tatar invasion of 1679, Kozelets was partially destroyed.
In 1744 Empress Elizabeth of Russia stayed in Kozelets while making a pilgrimage to Kiev.[9]
The city also served as a regional center of the Kyiv Governorate, Malorossiya, and Chernigov Governorates of the Russian Empire during the eighteenth-nineteenth centuries.[4] At the end of the nineteenth century, Kozelets's population was 5,420.[10]
After the breakup of the Russian Empire leading to the Russian Civil War, Kozelets became a part of the Soviet Union. In 1924, its status as a city was removed and given that of an urban-type settlement. During World War II, the Nazi Einsatzgruppen executed 125 of the town's Jews, a population that numbered 2,000 before the war.[11][12]
Until 18 July 2020, Kozelets was the administrative center of Kozelets Raion. The raion was abolished in July 2020 as part of the administrative reform of Ukraine, which reduced the number of raions of Chernihiv Oblast to five. The area of Kozelets Raion was merged into Chernihiv Raion.[13][14]
Until 26 January 2024, Kozelets was designated urban-type settlement. On this day, a new law entered into force which abolished this status, and Kozelets became a rural settlement.[15]
Attractions
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Being a regimental Cossack town, Kozelets has some important architectural monuments. This includes the Regimental Chancellery Building (the current town hall), the Darahan Mansion complex, the Saint Michael's Church (built in 1784) and the Ascension Church (1864–66).[4]
The town's main cathedral and architectural attraction is the Cathedral of the Nativity of the Blessed Virgin. The cathedral was built in the mid-eighteenth century in the late Ukrainian Baroque style by architects Ivan Hryhorovych-Barskyi and Andrei Kvasov.[16][17] Funds for the construction of the cathedral were provided by Alexey and Kyrylo Rozumovsky (the latter was appointed Hetman in 1750).[17]
Notable people
editList of famous people from Kozelets:
- Bella Abzug (1920–1998), American congresswoman and activist whose mother emigrated from Ukraine
- Yevstafiy Bogomolets (between 1750 and 1755–1811) - the mayor of Kozelets in 1789, direct ancestor of academician Alexander A. Bogomolets (1881–1946) and Olga Bogomolets (1966), M.D., the founder of Radomysl Castle[18]
- Yuriy Levitansky (1922–1996), Russian poet
- Boris Mankevsky (1883–1962), Ukrainian neurologist[19]
- Vladimir Negovsky (1909–2003), Russian pathophysiologist[19]
- Maria Vasillievna Pavlova (née Gortynskaia) (1854-1939) paleontologist and academician
References
edit- ^ "Козелецкая громада" (in Russian). Портал об'єднаних громад України.
- ^ Чисельність наявного населення України на 1 січня 2022 [Number of Present Population of Ukraine, as of January 1, 2022] (PDF) (in Ukrainian and English). Kyiv: State Statistics Service of Ukraine. Archived (PDF) from the original on 4 July 2022.
- ^ "Urban-type settlement Kozelets, Chernihiv Oblast, Kozeletskyi Raion". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 2011-05-21. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- ^ a b c d "Kozelets". Encyclopedia of Ukraine. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- ^ Козелец (пос. гор. типа в Черниговской обл.) (in Russian). Moscow: Great Soviet Encyclopedia. 1969–1978. Retrieved 21 June 2020.
- ^ "Kozeletskyi Raion. General information about the raion". Division of Culture and Tourism (in Ukrainian). Chernihiv Oblast Government Administration. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- ^ Syundyukov, Ihor (September 18, 2004). "Ukrainian rebellion". The Day (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- ^ Yakovenko, Nataliya (1997). Нариси Історії України: З найдавніших часів до кінця XVIII ст. Kyiv.
{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link) - ^ Massie, Robert (2012), Catherine the Great: Portrait of a Woman, New York: Random House, p. 67, ISBN 978-0345408778
- ^ Kozelets. Vol. V. 27. Saint Petersburg: Brockhaus and Efron Encyclopedic Dictionary. 1895. Retrieved 2008-06-08.
- ^ "YAHAD - IN UNUM". yahadmap.org. Retrieved 2017-07-15.
- ^ ""The Einsatzgruppen Case" Military Tribunal II". UWE Bristol. Archived from the original on 2008-01-19. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- ^ "Про утворення та ліквідацію районів. Постанова Верховної Ради України № 807-ІХ". Голос України (in Ukrainian). 2020-07-18. Retrieved 2020-10-03.
- ^ "Нові райони: карти + склад" (in Ukrainian). Міністерство розвитку громад та територій України.
- ^ "Что изменится в Украине с 1 января". glavnoe.in.ua (in Russian). 1 January 2024.
- ^ Malenkov, Roman. "Oster, Kozelets and others". Ukraine Incognita (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 2008-06-16. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- ^ a b "Kozelets. Cathedral of the Nativity". castles.com.ua (in Ukrainian). Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- ^ Богомолець. О. "Замок-музей Радомисль на Шляху Королів Via Regia". — Київ, 2013
- ^ a b "Kozelets". Gorod.cn.ua (in Russian). Retrieved 2008-06-17.
External links
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- "Urban-type settlement Kozelets, Chernihiv Oblast, Kozeletskyi Raion". Verkhovna Rada of Ukraine (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 2011-05-21. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- "Kozelets - Danivka - Lemeshi". Progylka.com.ua (in Ukrainian). Archived from the original on 2008-04-07. Retrieved 2008-06-17.
- Zharikov, N. L., ed. (1983–1986). "Kozelets, urban-type settlement". Monuments of urban development and architecture in the Ukrainian SSR. 1-4 (in Russian). Kyiv: Budivel'nyk. p. 300. LCCN 84179019. Retrieved 2007-12-13.
- The Official Site of Radomysl Castle Archived 2020-08-14 at the Wayback Machine
- The murder of the Jews of Kozelets during World War II, at Yad Vashem website.