LOVE Park, officially known as John F. Kennedy Plaza, is a public park located in Center City, Philadelphia, Pennsylvania, United States. The park is across from the Philadelphia City Hall and serves as a visual terminus for the Benjamin Franklin Parkway. The park is nicknamed LOVE Park for its reproduction of Robert Indiana's 1970 LOVE sculpture which overlooks the plaza, one of three located in Philadelphia.
| John F. Kennedy Plaza | |
|---|---|
 May 2023 view of the LOVE sculpture. | |
 | |
| Type | Urban park |
| Location | Philadelphia, Pennsylvania |
| Coordinates | 39°57′15″N 75°09′57″W / 39.9542°N 75.1657°W |
| Area | 0.5 acres (0.20 ha) |
| Created | 1965 |
| Operated by | Philadelphia Parks & Recreation |
| Status | Open |
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Despite municipal bans and renovations designed to limit the activity, LOVE Park became one of the most famous and recognizable skateboarding spots in the world in the 1990s and 2000s.[1][2][3]
History
editFormer Philadelphia city planner Edmund Bacon and architect Vincent G. Kling planned and designed the original LOVE Park. The park was first proposed as part of Bacon’s Cornell architecture thesis in 1932 as a feature of a new city plan for Philadelphia. Once Bacon became Executive Director of the City Planning Commission, the architectural design of the park itself was completed by Kling.[4]
The park was built in 1965 and covered an underground parking garage. The main feature of the plaza became a centrally-located single spout fountain added in 1969. The city's visitor center (built in 1960, before LOVE Park) was closed for five years, but re-opened in 2006 as The Fairmount Park Welcome Center.[5] The park was dedicated in 1967 as John F. Kennedy Plaza after President John F. Kennedy.
A "LOVE" sculpture, designed by Robert Indiana, was first placed in the plaza in 1976 as part of the United States Bicentennial celebration. The sculpture was removed in 1978 after the celebration ended. However, the chairman of Philadelphia Art Commission, Fitz Eugene Dixon Jr., was able to purchase the sculpture and to have it permanently placed it in the plaza during that year.
From 2016 to 2018, a major reconstruction project converted the largely hardscaped plaza into a greener space that contains large and small lawns for casual uses, two gardens and 2 green stormwater basins with tropical and native plantings, an open viewshed of City Hall and the Benjamin Franklin Parkway, new cafe seating, and daily recreational games.[6][7] A redesigned fountain features a large central jet and a "bird's nest" of smaller jets with programmable up-lighting within a large oval paved area.[8][9][10]
Skateboarding
editSkateboarders began skating LOVE Park in the 1980s.[1][4] The first ban on skateboarding in the park was passed in 1984. In the early 1990s, during the administration of Mayor Ed Rendell, enforcement was ramped up and prioritized, with police giving $300 fines to skateboarders.[11][12]
Despite the ban, throughout the 1990s skate videos and photographs featuring the park propelled it to becoming one of the most recognizable East Coast skateboarding locations.[3] “Neither Vincent or I had the slightest premonition that our work would become world famous” Bacon said in 2004 regarding the fame skateboarding had brought the park. [4]
In 2000, LOVE Park was featured as a level in the video game Tony Hawk’s Pro Skater 2. [13][1]
In 2001, Mayor John F. Street’s administration announced plans to increase the level of policing and enforcement of the ban on skateboarding while simultaneously hosting the X-Games in 2001 and 2002,[14] leading to criticism, protests, and discussion as to whether the city was wrongly wasting an asset by discouraging skateboarding in the park.[15][3]
In early 2002, the city announced renovations that would intentionally destroy the skateable elements of the park.[2] In October 2002, Bacon skateboarded across the park at age 92 in protest of both the renovations and the bans on skateboarding in an act of civil disobedience.[16][17][18]
In 2004, DC Shoes offered to pay the city for the park’s upkeep if skateboarding would be allowed at the park,[19] but the bans and renovations continued.
In February 2016, Mayor Jim Kenney temporarily lifted the ban on skateboarding for five days before the park was completely demolished and rebuilt, removing the iconic Fountain Gap and remaining skateable elements.[20] [21]
In 2024, the city of Malmo, Sweden announced they had acquired the original granite used in the park and were rebuilding a portion of the original design intentionally to attract skateboarders. The park will be open in June of 2024.[22]
See also
edit
References
edit- ^ a b c Copelin, Nathan (March 10, 2017). "Josh Kalis Recalls the Glory Days of Love Park". Vice. Retrieved February 19, 2024.
- ^ a b Goldberg, Debbie (April 25, 2002). "Philadelphia Puts an End to a Skateboarder's Paradise". The Washington Post. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ a b c Neely-Cohen, Maxwell. "How Philadelphia Destroyed The Greatest Skate Spot Ever Made". Buzzfeed News. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ a b c Dianda, Kirk (director) (January 27, 2004). LOVE STORY: The Saga of a Landmark (motion picture) (Documentary motion picture). US.
- ^ "Fairmount Park Welcome Center". Philadelphia: Independence Visitor Center Corporation. Archived from the original on October 27, 2018.
- ^ Zalot, Morgan (February 10, 2016). "Phila. breaks ground on $16.5M LOVE Park renovation". Philadelphia Business Journal. Retrieved January 7, 2020.
- ^ Zalot, Morgan (February 10, 2016). "Philadelphia Breaks Ground on $16.5 Million LOVE Park Renovation". NBC10 Philadelphia. Archived from the original on January 7, 2020. Retrieved January 7, 2020.
- ^ Merriman, Anna (May 30, 2018). "After two years, LOVE Park reopens with new look". Curbed Philadelphia. Vox Media. Archived from the original on January 7, 2020. Retrieved January 7, 2020.
- ^ Madej, Patricia (May 30, 2018). "LOVE Park reopens after renovations". The Philadelphia Inquirer. Archived from the original on January 7, 2020. Retrieved January 7, 2019.
- ^ "The New LOVE Park". Philadelphia: Fairmount Park Conservancy. 2020. Archived from the original on January 7, 2020. Retrieved January 7, 2020.
- ^ Rubin, Daniel (March 3, 1995). "No 'Love' for Skateboarders". Philadelphia Enquirer. ProQuest 1844053117. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ Rosenberg, Amy S. (April 11, 1992). "Skateboards Can Stay at JFK Plaza". Philadelphia Inquirer. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ Neversoft (September 19, 2000). Tony Hawk's Pro Skater 2 (PlayStation). Activision. Level/area: Philadelphia.
- ^ Egan, Nicole Weisensee (August 6, 2001). "No Love for Skaters: Police to Increase Watch Over Park and Other Sites". Philadelphia Daily News. ProQuest 1887113980. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ DiFilippo, Dana (December 27, 2001). "Is City's Skateboard Ban Short-Sighted?: Eye on Safety, Damage may Overlook Tourist Dollars". Philadelphia Daily News. ProQuest 1889696694. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ McQuade, Dan (February 14, 2016). "WATCH: That Time Ed Bacon Skateboarded Across LOVE Park". Philadelphia Magazine. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ "Old Man Makes LOVE: LOVE Park's creators protest city's abuse of skaters". Transworld Skateboarding. February 12, 2003. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ Pogrebin, Robin (October 18, 2005). "Edmund Bacon, 95, Urban Planner of Philadelphia, Dies". The New York Times. Retrieved April 8, 2024.
- ^ Rubinkam, Michael (June 2, 2004). "Skateboarding in LOVE Park Gets Bost". The Morning Call. Associated Press. ProQuest 2342276539. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ Crimmins, Peter (February 15, 2016). "Philadelphia Mayor Lifts Ban On Love Park Skateboarding Before Renovation". National Public Radio. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ Cuchulainn, Cameron (January 13, 2018). "Photos from the Last Days of Philadelphia's Legendary Skate Spot LOVE Park". Vice Magazine. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
- ^ "LOVE PARK IS BEING RESURRECTED IN… SWEDEN?". Jenkem Magazine. March 4, 2024. Retrieved April 7, 2024.
External links
edit
- "Free LOVE Park". ushistory.org. Philadelphia: Independence Hall Association. May 22, 2003. Archived from the original on February 16, 2012.
- Love Park videos and photos from SkateSpotter