Labin (Italian/Istriot: Albona) is a town in Istria, west Croatia, with a town population of 5,806 (2021) and 10,424 in the greater municipality (which also includes the small towns of Rabac-Porto Albona and Vinež-Vines, as well as a number of smaller villages).[2]
Labin
Albona | |
|---|---|
| Grad Labin Comune di Albona Town of Labin | |
    Labin | |
 Flag  Coat of arms | |
 Location of Labin municipality in Istria | |
| Country |  Croatia |
| County |  Istria County |
| First mention (Artemidorus of Ephesus) | 2nd century BC |
| Government | |
| • Type | Mayor-Council |
| • Mayor | Valter Glavičić (IDS) |
| • City Council | 15 members |
| Area | |
| • Town | 72.3 km2 (27.9 sq mi) |
| • Urban | 7.3 km2 (2.8 sq mi) |
| Elevation | 210−320 m (689−1,050 ft) |
| Population (2021)[2] | |
| • Town | 10,424 |
| • Density | 140/km2 (370/sq mi) |
| • Urban | 5,806 |
| • Urban density | 800/km2 (2,100/sq mi) |
| Demonym(s) | Labinjonka (female) Labinjon (male) |
| Time zone | UTC+1 (CET) |
| • Summer (DST) | UTC+2 (CEST) |
| Postal code | 52220 |
| Area code | 052 |
| Vehicle registration | PU |
| Patron saints | St. Justus |
| Town day | August 19 |
| Website | labin |
History
edit
Labin developed from the site of the Roman settlement of Albona. Its name predates classical antiquity and is derived from Proto-Indo-European *alb- ("eminence", "hill").[3] Before and under the Roman occupation, Albona was an important commune. On a marble tablet the Roman inscription we read that under the Emperor Marco Iulio Severo Filippo noble Caesar noble Prince made Albona a Republic. To be a republic it had to have two joined Magistrates called Duumviri and Public officers called Aediles which took care of Public buildings and other official duties.[4]
From 1295 it was under the rule of the dukes of Pazin, and from 1381 it found itself under the jurisdiction of the Patriarchate of Aquileia. From 1420 until 1797 it was ruled from the Republic of Venice and after that belonged to Austrian Empire until 1918, when it was annexed to the Kingdom of Italy. Labin, as a Croatian-speaking town, was for a long time the centre of Croatia's largest coal mining district, with four mines operating at the height of its production. In March and April 1921, the town was the scene of a miners' strike which quickly grew into an anti-fascist rebellion, considered to be the first of its kind, and the declaration of the short-lived Labin Republic.[5] The mine in downtown Labin closed in 1989. The large, coal-fired power plant in nearby Plomin now has its coal imported from outside sources once the mines were closed. After the Treaty of Peace with Italy, 1947, Labin, like the whole of Istria, was annexed to Yugoslavia.
The famous Lutheran reformer Matthias Flacius Illyricus (3 March 1520 – 11 March 1575), was born in Labin and a small exhibition in what was once his house, commemorates this. Unfortunately, due to the counter-reformation, he was forced to live most of his life in exile in Germany where he became the undisputed leader of the conservative wing of the Lutheran movement after the death of Luther. His chief literary legacy was in the area of biblical exegesis.
Population
editSettlements
editThe town's administrative area consists of 17 settlements:
- Bartići
- Breg
- Duga Luka
- Gondolići
- Gora Glušići
- Kapelica
- Kranjci
- Labin
- Marceljani
- Presika
- Rabac
- Ripenda Kosi
- Ripenda Kras
- Ripenda Verbanci
- Rogočana
- Salakovci
- Vinež
Demographics
edit| Year | Pop. | ±% |
|---|---|---|
| 1857 | 2,283 | — |
| 1869 | 2,698 | +18.2% |
| 1880 | 3,722 | +38.0% |
| 1890 | 4,231 | +13.7% |
| 1900 | 4,369 | +3.3% |
| 1910 | 4,564 | +4.5% |
| 1921 | 4,495 | −1.5% |
| 1931 | 3,531 | −21.4% |
| 1945[6] | 6,493 | +83.9% |
| 1948 | 7,958 | +22.6% |
| 1953 | 9,851 | +23.8% |
| 1961 | 10,253 | +4.1% |
| 1971 | 10,778 | +5.1% |
| 1981 | 12,014 | +11.5% |
| 1991 | 13,144 | +9.4% |
| 2001 | 12,426 | −5.5% |
| 2011 | 11,642 | −6.3% |
| 2021 | 10,424 | −10.5% |
| Source: Naselja i stanovništvo Republike Hrvatske 1857–2001, DZS, Zagreb, 2005 Source for year 1945: Cadastre National de l'Istrie, Jadranski institut Sušak, 1946. | ||
| population | 2283 | 2698 | 3722 | 4231 | 4369 | 4564 | 4495 | 3531 | 7958 | 9851 | 10253 | 10778 | 12014 | 13144 | 12426 | 11642 | 10424 |
| 1857 | 1869 | 1880 | 1890 | 1900 | 1910 | 1921 | 1931 | 1948 | 1953 | 1961 | 1971 | 1981 | 1991 | 2001 | 2011 | 2021 |
Climate
edit| Climate data for Labin | |||||||||||||
|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Month | Jan | Feb | Mar | Apr | May | Jun | Jul | Aug | Sep | Oct | Nov | Dec | Year |
| Mean daily maximum °C (°F) | 8 (46) |
8 (46) |
12 (54) |
16 (61) |
20 (68) |
24 (75) |
27 (81) |
27 (81) |
22 (72) |
17 (63) |
13 (55) |
9 (48) |
17 (63) |
| Daily mean °C (°F) | 5 (41) |
6 (43) |
9 (48) |
13 (55) |
17 (63) |
21 (70) |
24 (75) |
24 (75) |
19 (66) |
15 (59) |
11 (52) |
7 (45) |
14 (58) |
| Mean daily minimum °C (°F) | 3 (37) |
3 (37) |
6 (43) |
10 (50) |
14 (57) |
18 (64) |
20 (68) |
20 (68) |
16 (61) |
13 (55) |
9 (48) |
5 (41) |
11 (52) |
| Average rainfall mm (inches) | 101 (4.0) |
104 (4.1) |
99 (3.9) |
96 (3.8) |
94 (3.7) |
68 (2.7) |
60 (2.4) |
76 (3.0) |
164 (6.5) |
187 (7.4) |
211 (8.3) |
135 (5.3) |
1,395 (55.1) |
| Average rainy days | 8 | 7 | 8 | 8 | 7 | 6 | 5 | 5 | 8 | 10 | 11 | 9 | 92 |
| Average relative humidity (%) | 75 | 72 | 71 | 70 | 71 | 67 | 64 | 65 | 70 | 75 | 77 | 75 | 71 |
| Source: [1] | |||||||||||||
Culture
editLanguage
Labinjonska Cakavica, one of the most interesting and oldest Istrian dialects spoken in and around the town of Labin. It belongs to Northern Chakavian dialect of the Chakavian variety of Croatian. It differs from the usual Chakavian (with typical pronoun "ča") because it lacks most palatals, with other parallel deviations called "tsakavism" (cakavizam). In 2019, by the decision of the Ministry of Culture, Labinjonska Cakavica became a protected intangible cultural asset of the Republic of Croatia.[9]
Sport
editThe city is the home of football club NK Rudar Labin, and handball clubs ŽRK Rudar Labin and RK Mladi Rudar Labin.
Notable people
editArtists
- Mate Balota (1898–1963), poet, novelist and economist, whose mother was from Labin[10]
- Franka Batelić-Ćorluka (born 1992), singer and songwriter
- Orlando Mohorović (born 1950), artist
- Renato Percan (1936–2013), painter
Handball players
- Tino Černjul (born 1973), left back, played for RK Zamet at intervals from 1995 to 2005
- Valner Franković (born 1968), international player for Croatia
- Evelina Galo, international player for Yugoslavia
- Suzana Golja-Zulijani, international player for Croatia
- Valter Marković (born 1959), played for RK Zamet from 1975 until 1987
- Fran Mileta (born 2000), right winger, international player for Croatia
- Mladen Prskalo (born 1968), pivot, international player for Croatia
- Luka Stepančić (born 1990), right back, international player for Croatia
HNK Rijeka footballers
- Mario Brnjac (1944–2007), football defender
- Vlado Golja, football forward
- Anđelo Milevoj (born 1941), football defender
- Josip Mohorović (born 1948), football midfielder
- Roberto Paliska (born 1963), football defender
- Andrej Prskalo (born 1987), football goalkeeper
- Davor Radmanović (born 1957), football midfielder
- Sergio Stemberga (born 1942), football defender
- Valentino Stepčić (born 1990), football midfielder
- Bruno Veselica (1936–2018), football forward
Science and humanities
- Matteo Bartoli (1873–1946), linguist
- Josip Belušić (1847–1905), inventor and professor, invented the speedometer
- Matthias Flacius (1520–1575), Lutheran reformer
- Baldo Lupetino (1502–1556), protestant preacher
- Giuseppina Martinuzzi (1844–1925), pedagogue, journalist, socialist, and feminist
Others
- Antonio Bollani, Venetian general, whose mother was from Labin, who distinguished himself in the war with the Ottoman Turks (1645–1669)[11]
- Ema Derossi-Bjelajac (1926–2020), politician, President of the Presidency of the Socialist Republic of Croatia, first woman to hold a title equivalent to a head of state in modern-day Croatia
- Anton Marti (1923–2004), television and theater director and one of the founders of Television Zagreb
Administration and politics
editMayor
editThe current mayor of Labin is Valter Glavičić (IDS), elected in the 2021 Labin local elections which were held on 16 May 2021. There is one deputy mayor elected from the same list, Federika Mohorović Čekada.[12]
Municipal Council
editThe Labin Council is composed of 15 representatives, elected in the 2021 Labin local elections.
The political groups represented in the Council (as of June 2021):
| Groups | No. of members per group |
|---|---|
| 2021 | |
| IDS, ISU | 9 / 15
|
| Democrats | 2 / 15
|
| SDP | 2 / 15
|
| Independents together | 1 / 15
|
| HDZ | 1 / 15
|
| Source:[13] | |
Councils of Local Committees
editIn 2020, elections were held for the councils of all seven local committees of the City of Labin.[14]
| Groups | No. of members per group |
|---|---|
| 2020 | |
| IDS | 31 / 39
|
| SDP | 7 / 39
|
| MOST | 1 / 39
|
| Source:[14] | |
International relations
editTwin towns – sister cities[15]
Idrija, Slovenia
Partnerships[15]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Register of spatial units of the State Geodetic Administration of the Republic of Croatia. Wikidata Q119585703.
- ^ a b "Population by Age and Sex, by Settlements" (xlsx). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
- ^ Šimunović 2013, pp. 167–168.
- ^ Labin, Yugoslavia (1870). Societa del Gabinetto di Minerva (ed.). Statuto municipale della città di Albona dell'a. 1341 (in Italian). Trieste: Società del Gabinetto di Minerva. pp. III–XVI. Retrieved 19 December 2013.
- ^ G. Scotti - L. Giuricin. La Repubblica di Albona e il movimento dell'occupazione delle fabbriche in Italia
- ^ "Cadastre National de l'Istrie". Jadranski institut Sušak. July 1946.
- ^ a b "Population by Towns/Municipalities" (xlsx). Census of Population, Households and Dwellings in 2021. Zagreb: Croatian Bureau of Statistics. 2022.
- ^ "Cadastre National de l'Istrie". Jadranski institut Sušak. July 1946.
- ^ ""Labinjonska cakavica zaštićeno nematerijalno kulturno dobro"". HRT Magazin. 2019. Retrieved 1 May 2022.
- ^ "Mirković, Mijo (Miho, pseud. Mate Balota)". Istrianet. Archived from the original on 4 July 2013. Retrieved 21 March 2021.
- ^ "Tko je Antonio Bollani čija se bista nalazi na labinskoj Župnoj crkvi? Vojskovođa i senator labinske gore list". labin.com.
- ^ "Federika Mohorović Čekada kandidatkinja IDS-a za zamjenicu gradonačelnika Labina". Labiska Komuna.
- ^ "Konstituirano Gradsko vijeće, predsjednica Eni Modrušan". Grad labin.
- ^ a b "Izbori za članove vijeća mjesnih odbora Grada Labina". Grad Labin.
- ^ a b "Međunarodna suradnja". Grad Labin.
Sources
edit- Šimunović, Petar (March 2013). "Predantički toponimi u današnjoj (i povijesnoj) Hrvatskoj" [Pre-Roman placenames in present-day (and historical) Croatia] (PDF). Folia onomastica Croatica (in Croatian) (22). Zagreb: Croatian Academy of Sciences and Arts: 147–214. Retrieved 18 January 2016.
External links
edit
- Official website (in Croatian)
- Labin.com is the first site about Labin (in Croatian)
- Labin.biz - search engine for small businesses registered in Labin (in Croatian)