Koupalu (Manipuri: ꯀꯧꯕꯔꯨ) is a primordial deity in Sanamahism. He is the protector of the Meiteis, guardian of the North West direction and the founder of Meitei civilization. He lives on the summit of Mount Koubru.
| Koupalu | |
|---|---|
Founder of Meitei civilisation, guardian of the north-west direction. | |
| Member of Meitei gurdians of the directions, Umang Lais | |
| Affiliation | Sanamahism |
| Abode | Mount Koupalu |
| Weapon | Spear |
| Animals | White elephant |
| Mount | White elephant |
| Gender | Male |
| Ethnic group | Meitei |
| Festivals | Lai Haraoba |
| Genealogy | |
| Consort | Kounu, Likla Leima, Koujeng Leima |
| Children | |
Description
editKoupalu (or Koubru) is a primordial deity in Sanamahism, the indigenous religion of Manipur. He is the omniscient and omnipotent guardian god of the Meiteis[2] and the guardian of the north-west direction.[3] According to legend, he is the progenitor of the civilization of Kangleipak, which he founded at Mount Koubru, near modern Imphal in north-western Manipur, where he resides.[4][5][6][7][8] He is said to be the controller of nine underground wells or tunnels which are associated with the birth and death of mankind. The tunnels are considered sacred and are, themselves, worshipped by Meiteis.[9]
Worship
editThe traditional hymns emphasise Koubru's role as the creator of Meitei civilisation. For example, this hymn of invocation:
Koubru of the North,
you are the overlord.
You are the first place of settlement.[4]
In the Lai Haraoba festival,[10] a ritualistic folk song dedicated to God Koubru is sung:
Koubru the checker of the North
The place of the first settlement of the Leima-Lai
You let the Charik bloom
You nurture the Nongthrei sprout
Your power is omnipotent
You are the one that illuminates the race.[11]
The Meiteis offer a beautiful puppy to Koubru to free themselves from suffering. The Loi people worship God Koubru on every occasion, including birth, marriage and death.[4][6] All the Loi villagers excluding Andro are the worshipers of God Koubru.[2]
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Oinam, Bhagat; Sadokpam, Dhiren A. (11 May 2018). Northeast India: A Reader. Taylor & Francis. ISBN 978-0-429-95320-0.
- ^ a b Bareh, Hamlet (2001). Encyclopaedia of North-East India. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-790-0.
- ^ Brara, N. Vijaylakshmi (1998). Politics, Society, and Cosmology in India's North East. Oxford University Press. ISBN 978-0-19-564331-2.
- ^ a b c Prakash, Col Ved (2007). Encyclopaedia of North-East India. Atlantic Publishers & Dist. ISBN 978-81-269-0706-9.
- ^ Singh, N. Tombi (1972). Manipur: A Study. Available with Raj Stores.
- ^ a b Devi, Lairenlakpam Bino (2002). The Lois of Manipur: Andro, Khurkhul, Phayeng and Sekmai. Mittal Publications. ISBN 978-81-7099-849-5.
- ^ Devi, Dr Yumlembam Gopi (16 June 2019). Glimpses of Manipuri Culture. Lulu.com. ISBN 978-0-359-72919-7.
- ^ Singh, Kumar Suresh; Horam, M.; Rizvi, S. H. M. (1998). Manipur. Anthropological Survey of India. ISBN 978-81-7046-127-2.
- ^ Singh, Dr Th Suresh (2 June 2014). The Endless Kabaw Valley: British Created Visious Cycle of Manipur, Burma and India. Quills Ink Publishing. p. 12. ISBN 978-93-84318-00-0.
- ^ "Koupalu – Manipur News". 11 September 2018.
- ^ Bhattacharyya, Rituparna (29 July 2022). Northeast India Through the Ages: A Transdisciplinary Perspective on Prehistory, History, and Oral History. Taylor & Francis. p. 181. ISBN 978-1-000-62390-1. Retrieved 17 June 2024.
External links
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