Las Milpas (Spanish: "the milpas (cornfields)") is a colonia in the City of Pharr, in central Hidalgo County, Texas in the Rio Grande Valley. It was previously an unincorporated area. Las Milpas is located off of U.S. Highway 281, 5 miles (8.0 km) south of the city center of Pharr,[1] and between McAllen and the United States-Mexico border.[2]
History
editLas Milpas, like many colonias, was established in the 1960s. In 1962 it had multiple dwellings, platted streets, and a church. By 1976 the community had 77 dwellings and about 424 residents.[1]
In a period before 1987 the larger community had almost 5,000 residents.[3] The community received media coverage that used it as an example of the lifestyles of residents in American colonias during the mid-to-late 1980s. In 1987 the City of Pharr annexed the community.[1] Some residents of Las Milpas opposed the annexation. On December 19, 1987, the City of Pharr annexed the final 634 acres (257 ha) of Las Milpas.[4]
In 1990 Las Milpas and Hidalgo Park, another colonia, had a combined population of 4,178.[1] By 1995 the community had 12,000 residents. Chris Kelley of The Dallas Morning News wrote that year that Las Milpas "helps make the case that Pharr is the most distressed city in America."[5]
Lynn Brezosky of the Associated Press wrote that Las Milpas and Pueblo de Palmas, around 1997, "were Calcutta on the Rio Grande, poverty-stricken places that became filthy, stinking, disease-ridden expanses awash in mud and sewage whenever it rained heavily."[6] By 2007 the community grew to over 17,000 residents and many illegal immigrants in the community became U.S. citizens and began applying political pressure to the federal and state governments to get aid for the community. Brezosky wrote that Las Palmas's "transformation into a proud, largely well-tended community" was "an immigrant success story."[6]
Demographics
editIt was part of the Las Milpas-Hidalgo Park CDP which first appeared in the 1980 U.S. Census.[7] It was annexed to the city of Pharr prior to the 1990 U.S. Census.[8]
As of 2016[update] the area poverty rate was 62.1% and 40% of the inhabitants did not receive a high school diploma.[9]
Education
editThe Pharr-San Juan-Alamo Independent School District operates public schools. The South Pharr Elementary School was scheduled to open on September 3, 2007, after the start of the school year on August 27.[10] In early 2013 it was renamed Carmen Anaya Elementary School after the co-founder of the Valley Interfaith organization.[11] Persons zoned to Anaya[12] are also zoned to Jaime Escalante Middle School and PJSA Southwest Early College High School.[13][14]
Many children who reside in the Las Milpas area also attend schools in the Hidalgo Independent School District. J. C. Kelly Elementary School serves sections of Las Milpas in Hidalgo ISD.[9][15] All residents of Hidalgo ISD are zoned to Ida Diaz Jr. High School and Hidalgo Early College High School.[15]
Some children attend school in the Valley View Independent School District.[16]
In addition, South Texas Independent School District operates magnet schools that serve the community.
References
edit- ^ a b c d "LAS MILPAS, TX." Handbook of Texas. Retrieved on September 27, 2013.
- ^ Graczyk, Michael. "Rio Grande Valley man to die for 1999 slaying." Houston Chronicle. September 26, 2013. Retrieved on September 27, 2013. "Diaz, from Las Milpas, a small town between McAllen and the Mexican border,[...]"
- ^ "Life in Texas colonias: One woman's struggle helps others know success." Minneapolis Star-Tribune. December 6, 1987. Retrieved on September 26, 2013. "Las Milpas has grown into a colonia of nearly 5000 residents."
- ^ Williams, Joel. "ANNEXATION OF COLONIA CONCERNS RESIDENTS." Associated Press at The Dallas Morning News. December 23, 1987. Document ID: 0ED3CF85082D2866. Retrieved on September 27, 2013.
- ^ Kelley, Chris. "Texas border city has little in abundance but despair." The Dallas Morning News. December 4, 1995. Document ID: 0ED3D622CBF2CFFB. Retrieved on September 27, 2013.
- ^ a b Brezosky, Lynn. "Shantytowns transform themselves." Associated Press at the USA Today. June 11, 2007. Retrieved on September 26, 2013.
- ^ "1980 Census of Population - Number of Inhabitants - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau.
- ^ "1990 Census of Population - Population and Housing Unit Counts - Texas" (PDF). United States Census Bureau.
- ^ a b "2016-2017 Texas 21st Century Community Learning Centers, Cycle 9, Year 1." Texas Education Agency. p. 5/46. Retrieved on March 12, 2017. p. 5 of 46. "Majority of the district's residents live in "colonias",[...]One of the colonias highlighted in this report, Las Milpas,[...]Students who live in the colonias attend J.C. Kelly Elementary and Hidalgo Park,[...]"
- ^ Holeywell, Ryan. "PSJA expects Las Milpas school to be delayed" (). The Monitor. August 7, 2007. Retrieved on September 27, 2013.
- ^ Taylor, Steve (2013-10-30). "PSJA to rename school after Las Milpas legend". Rio Grande Guardian. Retrieved 2017-03-12.
- ^ "PSJA ISD Elementary Map." Pharr-San Juan-Alamo Independent School District. Retrieved on March 12, 2017.
- ^ "PSJA ISD Middle School Map." Pharr-San Juan-Alamo Independent School District. Retrieved on March 12, 2017.
- ^ "PSJA ISD High School Map." Pharr-San Juan-Alamo Independent School District. Retrieved on March 12, 2017.
- ^ a b Hidalgo ISD School Map. Hidalgo Independent School District. Retrieved on March 12, 2017.
- ^ "SCHOOL DISTRICT REFERENCE MAP (2010 CENSUS): Hidalgo County, TX." U.S. Census Bureau. Retrieved on January 2, 2017.
Further reading
edit
- Dixon, Jennifer. "Hispanics Use Vote To Fix Poor Colonias." Associated Press at the Victoria Advocate. Wednesday May 27, 1987. p. 5C. Google News 12/34.
- "Hope for colonias Water bonds could fill basic need near border." Austin American-Statesman. November 8, 1989. p. A11. "[...]called colonias, that make up the community of Las Milpas, five miles west of[...]"
External links
edit- Carmen Anaya Elementary School - PJSA ISD
- J.C. Kelly Elementary School - Hidalgo ISD