Wikipedia

Leasowe

(Redirected from Leasowe Castle)
For the estate in Halesowen, see The Leasowes.

Leasowe (/ˈliːsoʊ/) is a village in the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, Merseyside, England. Located on the north coast of the Wirral Peninsula, it is approximately 2 mi (3.2 km) to the west of Wallasey.

Leasowe
The pathway along Mockbeggar Wharf, with Leasowe Castle and Leasowe Lighthouse in the distance
Leasowe is located in Merseyside
Leasowe
Leasowe
Location within Merseyside
Population6,180 (2001 census)
OS grid referenceSJ270914
• London182 mi (293 km)[1] SE
Metropolitan borough
Metropolitan county
Region
CountryEngland
Sovereign stateUnited Kingdom
Post townWIRRAL
Postcode districtCH46
Dialling code0151
ISO 3166 codeGB-WRL
PoliceMerseyside
FireMerseyside
AmbulanceNorth West
UK Parliament
List of places
UK
England
Merseyside
53°24′50″N 3°05′53″W / 53.414°N 3.098°W / 53.414; -3.098

Historically within Cheshire, Leasowe was part of the old County Borough of Wallasey. It is now within the Leasowe and Moreton East Ward of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral. Leasowe is also part of the parliamentary constituency of Wallasey.

At the 2001 census, Leasowe had a population of 6,180.[2] By the time of the 2011 census specific figures for Leasowe were no longer maintained. The total population of the Leasowe and Moreton East Ward was 14,640.[3]

History

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The name 'Leasowe' comes from the Anglo-Saxon Leasowes or 'Meadow Pastures'. Its sand dunes are the largest such system on the Wirral. Much of the area is at or below sea level and is protected by the coastal embankment. Houses built in the early 20th century were often flooded and unsanitary, but after about 1926, new roads and drainage were put in by the Borough Council, and much new housing was developed. Along the embankment between Leasowe and Moreton are the remains of fortifications built during the Second World War.

The world's first passenger hovercraft service operated in 1961–62. The service travelled from Moreton Common, and was advertised as between Wallasey and Rhyl in North Wales.[4] However, the service was not profitable and soon ceased.

Geography

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The River Fender merges with the Birket at Leasowe. The Birket then continues towards West Float at the site of the former Wallasey Pool.

Landmarks

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Solar School

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Leasowe
 
 
Location in Merseyside
Coordinates53°25′11″N 03°04′45″W / 53.41972°N 3.07917°W / 53.41972; -3.07917
OS grid referenceSJ 2837491974
AreaWirral, Merseyside
Built1961
ArchitectEmslie A Morgan
Architectural style(s)Passive solar building design
Listed Building – Grade II
DesignatedJanuary 1996
Reference no.1246185

The Solar Campus, on Leasowe Road, [5] is the former St Georges Secondary School, and is the site of the Solar Building, the first building in the world to be heated entirely by solar energy. At 53.4°N, it is also the most northerly.[6] The school was built in 1955 in the contemporary style as the St Georges Secondary School for Girls, but in 1958 it was decided to admit boys as well, requiring a doubling in capacity. This was met by putting up a new block, now known as the Solar Building, to a design by Emslie Morgan, the Assistant Borough Architect, who spent a lifetime looking into ways of harnessing the sun's rays.[6] His design featured a high south-facing solar wall, largely of glass, to absorb the sun's warmth, a sloping well-insulated roof, and a low blind north-facing wall backing the buildings corridor. The solar wall is built of glass leaves two feet apart: These draw the ultra violet rays from sunshine and reflect them around the walls of the classrooms. The walls become warm and heat the air. Hardly any warmth escapes through the school's massively thick roof and walls covered with slabs of plastic foam. On the coldest days it is always 60 °F (16 °C) inside, and in summer the school is cooler than its more conventional neighbours, for panels inside the glass wall can be turned to deflect heat or absorb it.[6][7]

In practice, the large convector ducts which direct the warmed air to the colder north side of the building are a major safety hazard, and fire breaks have had to be inserted to reduce or cut off the air flow. The result is that on sunny days the south, glazed side of the building reaches unbearable temperatures in excess of 40 °C while for most of the time the unglazed north side never reaches a comfortable temperature nor receives much natural light.[citation needed]

A secondary, small single-pipe heating system was installed to give additional heating on cold winter days with very few hours of sunlight, but by 1966 it had never been used, and was dismantled. The Liverpool Echo reported in 1963 that during the previous winter temperatures never dropped below 60 °F (16 °C), while in the summer it was cooler than the older part of the school.[6] Today, the secondary heating has to be used very often, and is very expensive.[citation needed]

The property is Grade II listed and is maintained by the Children & Young People's Department of the Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, which struggles to find the necessary revenue and capital to fully maintain it.[citation needed]

Leasowe Castle

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Leasowe Castle
 
Leasowe Castle
Coordinates53°25′06.32″N 03°06′28.16″W / 53.4184222°N 3.1078222°W / 53.4184222; -3.1078222
OS grid referenceSJ 26471 91863
AreaWirral, Merseyside
Built1593
Architectural style(s)Private house
Listed Building – Grade II*
DesignatedMay 1952
Reference no.1273527
 
 
Location in Merseyside

Leasowe Castle may have been built for Ferdinando Stanley, 5th Earl of Derby[8] – a patron of Shakespeare – in 1593, possibly (though this is disputed) as an observation platform for the Wallasey races which took place on the sands in the 16th and 17th centuries, and which are regarded as a forerunner of the Derby races. Ferdinando's brother William, the 6th Earl, was described as a noted sportsman and is remembered as a keen supporter of the Wallasey races.

At first the castle consisted only of an octagonal tower. This had become disused by 1700, and it became known as "Mockbeggar Hall", a term often used for an ornate but derelict building.[9] The term "Mockbeggar Wharf" is still used for the adjoining foreshore. The "Mockbeggar Hall" is also the name of a Wetherspoons pub in neighbouring Moreton.

In 1821 ownership passed to the Cust family.[8] After 1826 the building was used as a hotel for some years. The ceiling of the Star Chamber at the Palace of Westminster was brought to the castle in 1836 along with panelling and other furnishings; they had been salvaged from the old Palace of Westminster before the Star Chamber was demolished in an 1806 building project.[10] The Star Chamber was so called because the ceiling was decorated with bright stars. The ceiling and four tapestries depicting the four seasons still remain. Oak panelling from the Star Chamber and some made from the submerged forest along the coast were also installed.[11] However the oak panels were removed in 1893.[11]

Between 1911 and 1970, it became a railway convalescent home,[8] and between 1974 and 1980 it was owned by Wirral Borough Council. It reopened as a hotel in December 1982,[8] and was acquired by Lawton Hotels Ltd in 2000. The hotel is now a popular venue for weddings and other family functions, with around 50 bedrooms. Leasowe castle is recorded in the National Heritage List for England as a designated Grade II* listed building.[12]

Leasowe Lighthouse

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Main article: Leasowe Lighthouse
Leasowe lighthouse
 
 
Location in Merseyside
Coordinates53°24′47″N 03°07′33″W / 53.41306°N 3.12583°W / 53.41306; -3.12583
OS grid referenceSJ 2526891296
AreaWirral, Merseyside
Built1761
Architectural style(s)Lighthouse
Listed Building – Grade II
DesignatedMay 1952
Reference no.1259738

Leasowe Lighthouse was built in 1763 by Liverpool Corporation's Docks Committee[13] (the forerunner of the Mersey Docks and Harbour Board) and is the oldest brick-built lighthouse in Britain.[14][15] According to local tradition its foundations were built on bales of cotton from a nearby shipwreck.[14] Around 1763, William Hutchinson installed what may have been the first parabolic reflector in a lighthouse. The lighthouse was one of four lights on the North Wirral foreshore, the others being two at Hoylake and another – a lower light – at Leasowe. The latter was soon destroyed by the sea and was replaced by a lighthouse on Bidston Hill in 1771.

The lighthouse was operational until 14 July 1908,[16] with the only known female lighthouse keeper in those days, a Mrs. Williams. It then became a tearoom for a period, but was unused before 1989, since when it has been the base for the ranger service of the North Wirral Coastal Park.[17] The lighthouse is a Grade II listed building[18] and houses a visitor centre which is occasionally open to the public.

Leasowe Hospital

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Leasowe Hospital or; The Leasowe Sanatorium For Crippled Children and Hospital for Tuberculosis, to give its full and original name, later became known as the Liverpool Open-Air Hospital, Leasowe, and finally Leasowe Hospital. Margaret Beavan (1877–1931) was the driving force of the hospital, admired by all, she was known affectionately as the 'Little Mother of Liverpool', also not quite as complimentary, the 'Mighty Atom' and 'Clever Beggar'.

The first mention of a Sanatorium for children with Tuberculosis occurred on 16 December 1911. Slowly Leasowe Hospital changed from being principally a children's T.B. hospital to one for dealing with burns and skin grafts, and then arthritis until its closure in 1979. Another name closely associated with 'Leasowe'; amongst others, is that of (the late) Dr T.R. Littler, Consultant Rheumatologist, who was devoted to Leasowe. Leasowe Hospital was eventually bought by the Wirral Christian Centre in 1981 and was used later as a retirement home and handicap centre. After failing to make that facility work the buildings were eventually repossessed then later demolished around 2002–03. Luxury flats and houses have since been built on the site.

Notable staff at Leasowe Hospital

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  • Edith Marie Tucker (1876- ), Matron of the new hospital building from 1915 to 1919.[19] Tucker trained at The London Hospital under Matron Eva Luckes between 1904 and 1906.[20][21] After her training Tucker remained at the London as a staff nurse, then gained promotion to sister working as holiday sister, night sister, in Outpatients department and in Matron's Office[22] until she was seconded to head a party of London Hospital nurses to the Balkan Wars between 1912 and 1913.[23][24][20]
  • Charlotte Hughes (1883–1961), Matron 1919- 1943.[20][25][26][27] Hughes also trained at The London Hospital between 1906 and 1908.[20][28] After her training Hughes remained at The London working in various departments including the Private Nursing Institute, as a ward staff nurse, and pupil (student) Midwife, before being promoted to holiday sister, then ward sister.[29][30] Hughes was in charge of both the TB hospital and adjacent Liverpool Babies Hospital, comprising over 300 beds.[19] In 1927 Hughes wrote an article about Orthopaedic Nursing.[31] Whilst she was Matron at Leasowe, one of Hughes's ward sister's married, and Hughes 'gave the bride away.'[32] Probationer nurses trained for two years at Leasowe in the nursing care of children with Surgical Tuberculosis.[33]

Transport

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Leasowe railway station is situated on the Wirral Line of the Merseyrail network.

Governance

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Leasowe is part of the Wallasey parliamentary constituency and represented by Angela Eagle MP.

The majority of the Leasowe area is governed locally as part of the Leasowe & Moreton East ward, which takes in the Leasowe housing estate, developments along Leasowe Road and East Moreton. Between 2008 and 2014, one of the councillors was Ian Lewis – the first-ever Conservative councillor to represent the area on Wirral Council. The most recent local elections took place on 6 May 2021, with the ward being represented by three Labour Party councillors.[34]

Notable people

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See also

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References

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  1. ^ "Coordinate Distance Calculator". boulter.com. Retrieved 6 March 2016.
  2. ^ Wirral 2001 Census: Leasowe, Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, archived from the original on 27 September 2007, retrieved 5 September 2007
  3. ^ "Ward population 2011". Archived from the original on 6 January 2016. Retrieved 1 June 2015.
  4. ^ "The hovercraft history of the Wirral and North Wales". Cheshire Life. 4 June 2012. Retrieved 27 June 2015.
  5. ^ see "Solar Campus"
  6. ^ a b c d The Solar Campus, formerly St Georges School, Wallasey, Merseyside. Elain Harwood (2023) Building of the Month April 2023: Twentieth Century Society; retrieved 29 June 2024.
  7. ^ Solar Campus 1961 at Mainstream Modern; retrieved 29 June 2024
  8. ^ a b c d Randall 1984, pp. 44–46
  9. ^ "Leasowe Castle web site". Archived from the original on 8 April 2012. Retrieved 28 June 2012.
  10. ^ "Dine – Leasowe Castle".
  11. ^ a b "Old Wirral web site". Retrieved 26 June 2012.
  12. ^ Leasowe Castle at Historic England; retrieved 29 June 2024
  13. ^ Leasowe Lighthouse: Significant Dates, Friends of Leasowe Lighthouse, retrieved 14 January 2008[permanent dead link‍]
  14. ^ a b Leasowe Lighthouse: A Wirral Highlight, Friends of Leasowe Lighthouse, retrieved 14 January 2008
  15. ^ Leasowe Lighthouse, visitwirral.com, retrieved 14 January 2008[permanent dead link‍]
  16. ^ Leasowe Lighthouse, Metropolitan Borough of Wirral, archived from the original on 27 September 2007, retrieved 14 January 2008
  17. ^ Rubery, Jim (2003), The Wirral ~ Photographic Memories, p. 42, ISBN 1-85937-517-0
  18. ^ Leasowe lighthouse at Historic England; retrieved 29 June 2024
  19. ^ a b "Children's Hospital, Leasowe". Nursing Times. 5 (730): 392. 26 April 1919.
  20. ^ a b c d Rogers, Sarah (2022). 'A Maker of Matrons'? A study of Eva Lückes's influence on a generation of nurse leaders:1880–1919' (Unpublished PhD thesis, University of Huddersfield, April 2022)
  21. ^ Edith Marie Tucker, Register of Probationers; RLHLH/N/1/10, 118; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London
  22. ^ Edith Marie Tucker, Register of Sisters and Nurses; RLHLH/N/4/2, 134; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London
  23. ^ Matron's Annual Letter to Nurses, No. 20, Matron's Annual Letter to Nurses, 1894–1916; RLHLH/N/7/2, No. 20, April 1913, 19–25; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London.
  24. ^ Matron's Report, 4 November 1912, House Committee Minutes, 1912–1914; RLHLH/A/5/53, 31; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London.
  25. ^ "Appointments". The British Journal of Nursing. 62: 300. 3 May 1919 – via RCN.
  26. ^ Hughes, Charlotte, RG101/3971e; 1939 England and Wales Register for Hospital for Children, Wallasey; The National Archives, Kew [Available at: www.ancestry.co.uk, accessed on 20 October 2018]
  27. ^ "Retirement". Nursing Times. 38 (1981). 17 April 1943 – via RCN.
  28. ^ Charlotte Hughes, Register of Probationers; RLHLH/N/1/13, 19; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London
  29. ^ Charlotte Hughes, Private Nursing Institution Register, January – November 1908; RLHLH/N/5/15, 76–77; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London
  30. ^ Charlotte Hughes, Register of Sisters and Nurses; RLHLH/N/4/2, 363; Barts Health NHS Trust Archives and Museums, London
  31. ^ "Orthopaedic Nursing". Nursing Times. 23 (1136): 134–135. 5 February 1927 – via RCN.
  32. ^ "A Real Hospital Wedding". Nursing Times. 26 (1325): 1125. 20 September 1930 – via RCN.
  33. ^ "Leasowe Orthopaedic Hospital". Nursing Times. 26 (1312): 769. 21 June 1930.
  34. ^ "Your Councillors by Ward". Wirral Borough Council. Retrieved 7 June 2021.

Sources

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Bibliography

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  • Wallasey Historical Society (2003). Wallasey at War 1939–45 including Moreton & Leasowe. Prenton: Ian & Marilyn Boumphrey. ISBN 9781899241149. OCLC 751486916.
  • Speakman, Jeff (2011). A beacon on the past : a community archaeological excavation at Leasowe lighthouse, Great Meols, Wirral, 2007. National Museums Liverpool. ISBN 9781902700458. OCLC 781407030.
  • Boumphrey, Ian (2008). Yesterday's Wallasey & New Brighton : including : Moreton, Leasowe & Saughall Massie : A Pictorial History 1860 to 1960. Prenton: Ian & Marilyn Boumphrey. ISBN 9781899241286. OCLC 652015249.
  • Leasowe Golf Club. Leasowe Golf Club, 1891–1991. Merseyside: Leasowe Golf Club. OCLC 855394143.
  • Martin, T. Hartley (1920). Liverpool Hospital for Children, Leasowe, Cheshire : a hospital-school for the treatment of surgical tuberculosis : a description of the hospital, its work and progress. Leasowe: Liverpool Hospital for Children. OCLC 904283843.
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