Little work has been done on the lichens of Madagascar, so while over 500 species of lichens have been documented, more are expected.[1] Madagascar can be divided into two major habitats that can be associated with lichen distribution. Wet tropical areas of siliceous bedrock make up approximately two-thirds of the country, and are where most of the lichens have been documented. Dry tropical areas of granitic and limestone bedrock make up the other one-third of the country with just over 20 species documented in these habitats.[1] The following table lists the species known from the dry tropical habitats. The majority are corticolous species that grow on the bark of trees or shrubs. A few are saxicolous; species that grow on rocks.
| SPECIES | TYPE |
|---|---|
| Canoparmelia quintarigera Aptroot | Corticolous |
| Clandestinotrema minutum Aptroot | Corticolous |
| Contrictolumina leucostoma (Müll. Arg.) Lücking & al. | Corticolous |
| Crespoa inhaminensis (C. W. Dodge) Lendemer & B. P. Hodk. | Corticolous |
| Dermatiscum thunbergii (Ach.) Nyl. | Saxicolous |
| Dirina madagascariensis Tehler & al. | Corticolous |
| Dirinaria complicata D. D. Awasthi | Corticolous |
| Glyphis scyphulifera (Ach.) Staiger | Corticolous |
| Isalonactis madagascariensis Ertz. & al. | Corticolous |
| Lecanora helva Stizenb | Corticolous |
| Lecanora leprosa Fée | Corticolous |
| Lecanora subflava Tuck. | Corticolous |
| Lecanora tropica Zahlbr. | Corticolous |
| Mycoporum californicum (Zahlbr.) R. C. Harris | Corticolous |
| Opegrapha varians (Müll. Arg.) Vain. | Corticolous |
| Roccella africana Vain. | Corticolous |
| Roccella applanata M. Choisy | Corticolous |
| Roccella belangeriana D. D. Awasthi | Corticolous |
| Roccella boryi Delise ex Fée | Corticolous |
| Roccella linearis (Ach.) Vain. | Corticolous |
| Roccella montagnei Bél. | Corticolous |
| Sclerophyton madagascariense Sparrius | Corticolous |
| Xanthoparmelia subflabellata (J. Steiner) Hale | Saxicolous |
While many of the lichens found to date in Madagascar are relatively widespread, tropical species,[1] some are endemic. Isalonactis madagascariensis, for example, is known only from its type locality near Isalo National Park,[2] and new species continue to be found.[1]
Gallery
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Lichens at Tsimanampetsotsa National Park, Madagascar -
Lichens at Isalo National Park -
Dermatiscum thunbergii, a lichen on the rocks at Isalo National Park -
lichens growing on the rocks at Isalo National Park, Madagascar -
lichens growing on the rocks at Isalo National Park, Madagascar
References
edit- ^ a b c d Aptroot, André (2016). "Preliminary checklist of the lichens of Madagascar, with two new thelotremoid Graphidaceae and 131 new records". Willdenowia. 46 (3): 349–366 (2016). doi:10.3372/wi.46.46304.
- ^ Ertz, D.; Fischer, E.; Killmann, D.; Razafindrahaja, T. & Sérusiaux, E. (2014). "Isalonactis, a new genus of Roccellaceae (Arthoniales), from southern Madagascar". The Lichenologist. 46 (2): 159–167. doi:10.1017/S002428291300090X. S2CID 258994.