The broad-billed sandpiper (Calidris falcinellus) is a small wading bird. The scientific name is from Latin. The specific name falcinella is from falx, falcis, "a sickle.[2] Some research suggests that it should rather go into the genus Philomachus.[3]
| Broad-billed sandpiper | |
|---|---|
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Scientific classification 
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| Domain: | Eukaryota |
| Kingdom: | Animalia |
| Phylum: | Chordata |
| Class: | Aves |
| Order: | Charadriiformes |
| Family: | Scolopacidae |
| Genus: | Calidris |
| Species: | C. falcinellus
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| Binomial name | |
| Calidris falcinellus (Pontoppidan, 1763)
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| Synonyms | |
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Limicola falcinellus | |
Description
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Broad-billed sandpipers are small waders, slightly smaller than the dunlin, but with a longer straighter bill, and shorter legs. The breeding adult has patterned dark grey upperparts and white underparts with blackish markings on the breast. It has a pale crown stripe and supercilia.
In the boreal winter, they are pale grey above and white below, like a winter dunlin, but retaining the head pattern. Juveniles have backs, similar to young dunlin, but the white flanks and belly and brown-streaked breast are distinctive.
Contact call is a dry, whistling “dree-it, dree-it” and a clicking “dik dik”.
Distribution and habitat
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The broad-billed sandpiper is strongly migratory, spending the non-breeding season from easternmost Africa, through south and south-east Asia to Australasia. It is highly gregarious, and will form flocks with other calidrid waders, particularly dunlins. Despite its European breeding range, this species is rare on passage in western Europe, presumably because of the south-easterly migration route.
This bird's breeding habitat is wet taiga bogs in Arctic northern Europe and Siberia. The male performs an aerial display during courtship. They nest in a ground scrape, laying 4 eggs.
They forage in soft mud on marshes and the coast, mainly picking up food by sight. They mostly eat insects and other small invertebrates.
The broad-billed sandpiper is one of the species to which the Agreement on the Conservation of African-Eurasian Migratory Waterbirds (AEWA) applies.
References
edit- ^ BirdLife International (2024). "Calidris falcinellus". IUCN Red List of Threatened Species. 2024: e.T22693464A257323525. doi:10.2305/IUCN.UK.2024-2.RLTS.T22693464A257323525.en. Retrieved 28 October 2024.
- ^ Jobling, James A (2010). The Helm Dictionary of Scientific Bird Names. London: Christopher Helm. pp. 157, 227. ISBN 978-1-4081-2501-4.
- ^ Thomas, Gavin H.; Wills, Matthew A.; Székely, Tamás (2004). "A supertree approach to shorebird phylogeny". BMC Evolutionary Biology. 4: 28. doi:10.1186/1471-2148-4-28. PMC 515296. PMID 15329156. Supplementary Material
External links
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- Oiseaux Photos
- BirdLife species factsheet for Limicola falcinellus
- "Limicola falcinellus". Avibase.
- "Broad-billed sandpiper media". Internet Bird Collection.
- Broad-billed sandpiper photo gallery at VIREO (Drexel University)
- Interactive range map of Limicola falcinellus at IUCN Red List maps
- Audio recordings of Broad-billed sandpiper on Xeno-canto.
- Limicola falcinellus in Field Guide: Birds of the World on Flickr
- Broad-billed sandpiper media from ARKive
