Wikipedia

Costa Cruises

(Redirected from Linea C.)

Costa Crociere S.p.A. (Italian pronunciation: [ˈkɔsta kroˈtʃɛːre]), operating as Costa Cruises, is an Italian cruise line founded in 1948 and organized as a wholly owned subsidiary of Carnival Corporation & plc since 2000. Based in Genoa, Italy, the cruise line primarily caters to the Italian cruise market, but the company's 10 ships, which all sail under the Italian flag, provide itineraries sailing to countries globally.[3][4]

Costa Crociere S.p.A.
Company typeSubsidiary
IndustryTransportation
FoundedMarch 31, 1948 (March 31, 1948)
HeadquartersGenoa, Italy
Area served
World
Key people
Mario Zanetti, President[1]
ProductsCruises
Revenue$2.236 billion (2018)[2]
ParentCarnival
Websitewww.costacruises.com

History

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Origins

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Founded in Genoa in 1854 by Giacomo Costa (1836-1916) as Giacomo Costa fu Andrea, the company originally traded in olive oils and textiles, later establishing its own refinery and the brand "Dante".[5][6] In 1924, the company was passed to the founder's sons (Federico, Eugenio and Enrico) and started shipping activities, buying its first cargo vessel, Ravenna.[5] Seven more cargo ships were purchased before World War II, during which all but one were lost.[7]

Costa Line

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After the war, the company decided to rebuild its shipping business, but concentrating on passenger traffic, particularly across the Atlantic.[8] In 1946–1947 they bought three American-owned cargo ships, refitting them with accommodation for 25 first class passengers, and in 1947 commenced a scheduled liner service between Genoa, Montevideo and Buenos Aires.[7] At the same time, the name of the company was changed to Linea C.[8] In March 1948, full passenger services were introduced on the South American route, operated by the ship Anna C, with her previous capacity increased from 100 to 500 passengers.[6][7][8] The ship departed from Genoa and reached Buenos Aires 16 days after departure, the first ocean liner to cross the South Atlantic Ocean following World War II.[8]

 
Federico C of 1958, Costa's first purpose-built passenger ship.
 
Eugenio C of 1966

In 1958, Costa commissioned their first purpose-built ship, Federico C, which provided a liner service between Genoa, Italy and Buenos Aires, Argentina via Rio de Janeiro, Brazil. In 1959, the company gradually transitioned into offering more pleasure holidays, with trips being offered in the Mediterranean and the Caribbean regions.[8] The second purpose built ship, Eugenio C, debuted in 1966, designed by famous naval architect Nicolò Costanzi.[9] Linea C went on to own 12 more ships by 1980, making the company the owner of the world's largest fleet of passenger ships.[8] In 1986, Linea C changed its name to Costa Cruises and became a cruise-centered business.[8]

 
The Costa Classica, first new build for Costa in over 25 years
 
House flag of Costa Crociere
 
Costa Victoria, the final ship completed under the original Costa Cruises

The line had decided to modernize its fleet by the late 1980s, and ordered two new ships in 1987, which became Costa Classica and Costa Romantica entering service in 1991 and 1993 respectively. The line also converted and completely rebuilt two former container ships into Costa Marina and Costa Allegra around the same time as ordering the two new ships. Costa wanted to create a new upscale European brand for their new ships and launched the short-lived EuroLuxe brand.[10]

The Costa Victoria debuted in 1996, and was the largest cruise ship ever built in Germany at the time, and largest for the Costa.[11] Its completion cost was covered by selling the Eugenio Costa. The Costa Victoria would be the final ship completed under the Costa family brand before the line was taken over by Carnival Corporation & plc. The ship was scheduled to have a sister, the Costa Olympia, which was never completed for the line after the shipyards bankruptcy, and instead the uncompleted hull was sold to Norwegian Cruise Line.

In March 1997, Carnival and Airtours PLC purchased Costa Cruises for $300 million, on a 50:50 basis.[12] At the time, Costa Cruises was the leading European cruise line, with an estimated market share of 19%.[12]

 
Costa Victoria and Costa Marina in port.

Carnival subsidiary

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After Carnival's take over, a new-building program commenced for the line, utilizing Carnival Cruise Lines Spirit-class and Destiny-class design platforms for the new ships. They line would also utilize Carnival's designer Joe Farcus, who undertook the interior design, moving away from the contemporary Italian style of the previous ships to more themed public spaces similar to Carnival Cruise Line.[13] The first ship delivered under Carnival Corp management, was Costa Atlantica in 2000.

 
Costa Atlantica, first ship to debut under new Carnival Corp. ownership using Spirit-class design platform

In 2000, Carnival Corporation took full control of Costa Crociere after buying out Airtours' 50% interest for $525 million.[14] Carnival Corporation would transfer older ships from their other brands to Costa, with the Costa Tropicale(former Carnival Cruise Line Tropicale) in 2001, and the Costa Europa (former Holland American Line Westerdam) in 2002.

In 2002, Carnival Corporation and P&O Princess Cruises merged to form Carnival Corporation & plc, bringing together both companies' assets under one corporation.[15] As of 2018, Costa accounted for approximately 12% of Carnival Corporation & plc's revenue.[2]

In 2004, Costa Crociere purchased control of AIDA Cruises of Germany.[16] Carnival Corporation and the Spanish tour operator Orizonia Group created a joint venture in 2007, Ibero Cruises,[17] which was absorbed into Costa Cruises in 2014.[18]

The company attracted international attention when Costa Concordia ran aground and capsized off the coast of Italy on 13 January 2012.[19] Thirty-two people died in the disaster.[19] Six weeks later, the company made headlines again when a fire on Costa Allegra left it drifting without power for 13 hours in waters near Somalia frequented by pirates, before the ship was taken under tow.[20]

In February 2018, Costa announced its partnership with the Italian football club, Juventus.[21]

In December 2019, Costa debuted Costa Smeralda and became the second cruise line to operate a cruise ship fully powered by liquefied natural gas (LNG), following AIDA's AIDAnova one year earlier.[22] Costa Smeralda was joined by her sister LNG ship, Costa Toscana, in 2021.

Owing to the Covid pandemic of 2020, Costa sold off ships in its fleet including the Costa Victoria and Costa neoRomantica to help cut costs. It also led to the continued long term layup of the Costa Magica and Costa Serena.[23]

In 2022, parent company Carnival Corp. announced they would be transferring ships out of the fleet to help balance overall fleet capacities due to the pandemic and the selling off of numerous ships. It was announced the Costa Luminosa would be transferred to Carnival Cruise Line, the Costa Venezia and the Costa Firenze will join Carnival Fleet under the new "Carnival Fun Italian Style" concept in 2023 and 2024 respectively.[24]

In February 2023, it was announced that Costa Magica had been sold to Seajets, a Greek/Cypriot ferry company.[25][26]

On March 31, 2023, Costa Cruises celebrated its 75th anniversary.[27]

Fleet

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Current fleet

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Ship Built Builder Entered service
for Costa 		Gross tonnage Flag Notes Image
Fortuna (Destiny) class
Costa Fortuna 2003 Fincantieri 2003 102,669   Identical to Carnival Triumph and Carnival Victory  
Concordia class
Costa Serena 2007 Fincantieri 2007 114,500   Chartered for the entire 2023/2024 season, Costa Serena is set sail from the port of Leam Chabang for a series of 4/5 day cruises, then move on to Japan and South Korea in June 2023[28]  
Costa Pacifica 2009 Fincantieri 2009 114,500   Concordia class  
Costa Favolosa 2011 Fincantieri 2011 114,500   Modified Concordia class  
Costa Fascinosa 2012 Fincantieri 2012 114,500   Modified Concordia class  
Luminosa class (Hybrid Spirit/Vista class)
Costa Deliziosa 2010 Fincantieri 2010 92,720   Hybrid design between Atlantica- and Vista-class ships  
Diadema (Dream) class
Costa Diadema 2014 Fincantieri 2014 133,019   Modified Dream-class ship  
Excellence class
Costa Smeralda 2019 Meyer Turku 2019 185,010[29]   Largest ship built for Costa Cruises.

Powered by LNG.

 
Costa Toscana 2021[30] Meyer Turku 2021 185,010   Powered by LNG.  

Former fleet

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Costa's former fleet in chronological order:

Ship In Costa service Notes Image
Maria C 1946–1953 Passenger-cargo
Built in 1913 in Bremen as Pommern, and later USS Rappahannock and William Luckenbach. Scrapped in 1953.[31] 		 
Giovanna C 1947–1953 Passenger-cargo
Built in 1919 in Asano, Japan as Eastern Trader, later Horace Luckenbach. Scrapped in 1953.[32]
Luisa C 1947–1955 Passenger-cargo
Built in 1919 in Asano, Japan as Eastern Merchant, later Robert Luckenbach. Sold in 1955 and renamed Sula, then scrapped in 1959.[33]
Anna C 1948–1971 Formerly Prince Line's Southern Prince. Requisitioned as HMS Southern Prince in World War II.
Scrapped after a serious fire in 1971. 		 
Andrea C 1948–1981 Built in 1942 as the Ocean ship, Ocean Virtue. Converted for passenger use in 1948.
Scrapped in 1982. 		 
Franca C 1952–1977 Was one of the world's oldest active cruise ships (built in 1914) when finally retired from service in 2009. Laid up until 2015, then converted to a land locked hotel in Bintan, Indonesia from 2016 to 2019 and renamed Doulos Phos, The Ship Hotel  
Federico C 1958–1983 First purpose built passenger ship for Costa Line. Abandoned and sank in 2000 after engine room flooded.  
Bianca C. 1959–1961 Sank on 24 October 1961 following an explosion and fire in the engine room.[34]  
Enrico C
Enrico Costa		 1965–1994 Sold to MSC Cruises in 1994 and renamed Symphony. Scrapped in 2001.  
Eugenio C 1966–1996 Sold in 1996 by Costa Cruises to Bremer Vulcan shipyard in part exchange for the construction of the Costa Victoria. Resold and saw further service as Edinburgh Castle for Direct Cruises and as The Big Red Boat II for Premier Cruises. Laid up from 2000 until 2005. Scrapped in Alang in 2005.  
Carla C
Carla Costa		 1967–1992 Scrapped in Aliaga in 1994 after a fire destroyed the ship.  
Flavia 1968–1982 Formerly the Cunard Line's RMS Media. Scrapped in 1989 in Kaohsiung after a fire.  
Fulvia C 1969–1970 Sank on 20 July 1970 following an explosion and fire in the engine room off Tenerife, Canary Islands.  
Italia 1974–1983 Scrapped in 2010 at Alang as Sapphire.  
Angelina Lauro 1977–1979 Chartered from Lauro Lines. The ship was destroyed by fire while docked
in Saint Thomas, U.S. Virgin Islands on 30 March 1979.
The ship later sank on 24 September 1979 while being towed to a scrapyard.
World Renaissance 1977–1982 Chartered from Epirotiki from 1977 until the early 1980s.[35]
Scrapped in Alang in 2010.		  
Danae C 1979–1992 Scrapped in Aliağa in 2015.  
Daphne C 1979–1997 Scrapped in Alang in 2014.  
Amerikanis 1980–1984 Chartered from the Chandris Line between 1980 and 1984.
Scrapped in Alang in 2001.[36]		  
Columbus C 1981–1984 Formerly an ocean liner before being converted into cruise ship.
Struck a breakwater in 1984 and partially sank, then scrapped. 		 
Costa Riviera 1981–1993; 1994–2002 Scrapped in Alang in 2002.  
Costa Marina 1988–2011 Converted container ship. Scrapped at Alang in 2014.  
Costa Allegra 1989–2012 Converted container ship. Withdrawn from service following an engine room fire on 27 February 2012 and scrapped in Aliaga.[37]  
Costa Classica
Costa neoClassica		 1991–2018 Originally Costa Classica, she received a €18 million refit in 2014 and renamed Costa neoClassica. Left the fleet in March 2018 after being sold to Bahamas Paradise Cruise Line and now operating as Margaritaville at Sea [38]  
Costa Romantica
Costa neoRomantica		 1993–2020 Originally Costa Romantica, received a €90 million refit in 2012 adding two half decks and was renamed Costa neoRomantica.

The ship was sold to Celestyal Cruises renamed Celestyal Experience and left the fleet in 2020.[39] Celestyal Cruises resold her in 2021 after which she was sold to the Gadani Ship Breaking Yard in Pakistan for scrapping. It was beached for scrapping on 3 December 2021.[40][41]

 
Costa Playa 1995–1998 Scrapped in China in 2009.
Costa Victoria 1996–2020 Sold to Genova Trasporti Marittimi in June 2020 in Piombino; thereafter resold and beached on 28 January 2021 in Aliağa for scrap.[42][43]  
Costa Olympia (1998) Never entered service Originally ordered for Costa Cruises and was to be the sister ship of Costa Victoria. Its construction was halted following the financial collapse of Bremer Vulkan shipyard. The unfinished hull was sold to Norwegian Cruise Lines and was completed as Norwegian Sky.  
Costa Atlantica 2000–2020 Sold to Adora Cruises in November 2018 and transferred in January 2020.[44][45]  
Costa Tropicale 2001–2005 Previously Tropicale for Carnival Cruise Line. Scrapped in Alang in 2021  
Costa Europa 2002–2010 Sold to Thomson Cruises in 2010. Retired from service in 2020. Scrapped in 2022  
Costa Mediterranea 2003–2020 Sold to Adora Cruises in November 2018 and laid up beginning in 2020.[3]  
Costa Magica 2004–2023 Identical to Carnival Triumph and Carnival Victory
Sold to Seajets in February 2023 and renamed Mykonos Magic.[46] 		 
Costa Concordia 2006–2012 Ran aground, capsized, and partially sunk on 13 January 2012. It was later deemed a constructive total loss and the wreck was later removed and scrapped in Genoa by 2017.  
Costa Splendor (2008) Never entered service Originally ordered for Costa Cruises but transferred during construction to Carnival Cruise Line and became Carnival Splendor in 2008.  
Costa Luminosa 2009–2022 Transferred to Carnival Cruise Line in September 2022 and renamed Carnival Luminosa sailing seasonally between Australia/South Pacific & Alaska.[47]  
Costa Voyager 2011–2014 Previously sailed as Grand Voyager for Iberocruceros. Sold in 2014 to Bohai Ferry Company and now Chinese Taishan.  
Costa neoRiviera 2013–2019 Previously Mistral for Festival Cruises and Grand Mistral For Ibero Cruises.[48] Transferred to AIDA Cruises and operating as AIDAmira from December 2019.[49]  
Costa Celebration (2014) Never entered service Previously Celebration for Carnival Cruise Line and Grand Celebration for Iberocruceros. Inherited from Iberocruceros after its operations were discontinued and merged into Costa's. She underwent a refit and was renamed. However, on the day before the ship was scheduled to depart on her inaugural voyage with Costa, she was sold to Bahamas Paradise Cruise Line.[50] It was scrapped in Alang in 2021.  
Costa Venezia 2019–2022 Modified Vista-class ship
Originally planned to serve the Chinese market but later amended to the Mediterranean[51]
Now it is sailing out of New York City for Carnival under the Carnival Fun Italian Style concept from June 2023, as Carnival Venezia.[52] 		 
Costa Firenze 2020-2024 Modified Vista-class ship
Originally planned to serve the Chinese market but later amended to the Mediterranean.[51]

Will sail out of Long Beach for Carnival under the Carnival Fun Italian Style concept in 2024.[53] It will be renamed Carnival Firenze.

 

Accidents and incidents

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See also Carnival Cruise Line's accidents and incidents for incidents associated with the parent company's other cruise operations.

MV Bianca C. fire and sinking

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Main article: MV Bianca C.

On 22 October 1961, Bianca C. was off Grenada when an explosion occurred in the engine room. Two crew members died in the explosion and the ship subsequently caught on fire. Local fishermen helped rescue the passengers and crew, but as the local authorities did not have the equipment to extinguish the fire, the ship was left to burn until the British frigate HMS Londonderry arrived from Puerto Rico. The burning ship was in the main anchorage and would block the harbour if it sank there, so the Londonderry towed it to a different location where the Bianca C. sank on 24 October 1961.[34]

Costa Europa collision with pier

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On 25 February 2010, Costa Europa collided with a pier in Sharm El Sheikh in Egypt, killing 3 crew members and injuring 4. Costa blamed strong winds for the collision.[54]

Costa Classica collision

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On 18 October 2010, Costa Classica collided with the Belgian bulk carrier, Lowlands Longevity in the mouth of the Yangtze river. The collision caused a gash over 60 feet long in the side of the ship.[54]

Costa Concordia capsizing

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Costa Concordia capsized on reef
Main article: Costa Concordia disaster

On 13 January 2012, Costa Concordia ran aground off Isola del Giglio in Tuscany. The ship capsized and partially sank, killing 32 people. In 2014, the ship was parbuckled and refloated with caissons, and in July 2014, she was towed to the Port of Genoa over a period of five days, where it was dismantled and eventually scrapped.[55] The total cost of the disaster was estimated to be over $2 billion.[56]

On 11 February 2015, the captain at the helm during the sinking, Francesco Schettino, was found guilty by an Italian court on multiple counts of manslaughter, causing the shipwreck, and abandoning his passengers.[57] He was sentenced to 16 years in prison.[57] An Italian appeals court on 31 May 2016 upheld the 16-year prison sentence.[58]

Costa Allegra engine room fire

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Main article: Costa Allegra 2012 fire

On 27 February 2012, Costa Allegra suffered an engine room fire and went adrift in the Indian Ocean. After several days adrift without power, the ship was towed to the Seychelles island of Desroches, but was unable to dock there. She was then towed to Mahé, Seychelles, where the passengers disembarked. No casualties were reported.

On 9 March 2012, it was announced that Costa Allegra would not return to service with Costa, and she was given to the shipping company, Themis Maritime Ltd.[59] In late 2012, Costa Allegra was beached at Aliaga, Turkey, for scrapping.[60]

Temporary shutdown due to the COVID-19 pandemic

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Costa cruises around the world were cancelled in March 2020 due to the worldwide COVID-19 pandemic.

Costa began new sailings on 6 September in Italy, initially with two ships, Costa Deliziosa and Costa Diadema. At that time, the line required all passengers to be from Italy. By 27 September 2020, however, it was reported that, having implemented strict health protocols to protect its staff and guests, "Costa Cruises will be available for all European citizens who are residents in any of the countries listed in the most recent decree from the Prime Minister of Italy".[61]

A report on 9 January 2021 stated that some cruise lines were hoping to resume some sailings in Europe in the near future but added that "it remains to be seen whether this will go ahead with much of the continent still in lockdown".[62] Costa's Web site at that time was indicating no sailings in January but was hoping to start on 28 February with Costa Firenze, on 2 April with Costa Deliziosa, on 3 April with Costa Magica, and so on. Only Italian ports would be used initially, and the gradual restart would accept only guests from Italy.[63]

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  •  
    Funnel of Costa Mediterranea
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    Lifeboat dually used as a tender boat on Costa Mediterranea
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    Pool deck space and water slide on Costa Magica
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    Central pool on Costa Luminosa
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    Theatre in Costa Favolosa
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    Buffet on Costa Luminosa

References

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Notes

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  1. ^ Kalosh, Anne (5 April 2023). "Michael Thamm exits as Costa Group CEO Article-Michael Thamm exits as Costa Group CEO". Cruise News. Colchester: Seatrade. Archived from the original on 29 April 2023. Retrieved 16 July 2023.
  2. ^ a b "2018 World Wide Market Share". Cruise Market Watch. 2 December 2019. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 21 November 2011.
  3. ^ a b "Company profile Archived 2010-04-09 at the Wayback Machine." Costa Cruises. Retrieved on January 20, 2010.
  4. ^ "Dati Societari Archived 2010-12-06 at the Wayback Machine." Costa Cruises. Retrieved on 15 January 2012. "Sede legale: Piazza Piccapietra 48, 16121 Genova - Italia"
  5. ^ a b Brancusi, Nereo (17 January 2012). "Le origini della Costa Crociere? Nella produzione e nel trasporto dell'olio Dante ("The origins of Costa Crociere? In the production and transport of Dante oil")" (in Italian). Rome: Ecomedianet. Archived from the original on 2 February 2012. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
  6. ^ a b "Costa Celebrates 60 Years of History". www.cruiseindustrynews.com. 27 March 2008. Archived from the original on 1 November 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  7. ^ a b c Bonsor, N. R. P. (1983). South Atlantic Seaway: an illustrated history of the passenger lines and liners from Europe to Brazil, Uruguay and Argentina. Jersey Channel Islands: Brookside Publications. p. 476. ISBN 0-905824-06-7.
  8. ^ a b c d e f g Coulter, Adam (1 November 2018). "Costa Cruises History". Cruise Critic. Archived from the original on 14 May 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  9. ^ Sebire, Ian (2021). Italian Liners of the 1960s : the Costanzi Quartet. [S.l.]: Amberley Publishing. ISBN 978-1-3981-0806-6. OCLC 1224513164.
  10. ^ Eliseo, Maurizio (1997). The Costa liners. Paolo Piccione. London: Carmania. ISBN 0-9518656-6-8. OCLC 877471936.
  11. ^ "Costa Victoria". www.castlesoftheseas.nl. Retrieved 6 May 2023.
  12. ^ a b "Carnival, Airtours Sign Costa Pact: Travel Weekly". Travel Weekly. 19 March 1997. Archived from the original on 16 February 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  13. ^ Farcus, Joseph (2018). Design on the high seas : setting the scene for entertainment architecture aboard cruise ships. Mulgrave, Victoria, Australia. ISBN 978-1-86470-756-4. OCLC 1016152521. Archived from the original on 6 January 2022. Retrieved 11 December 2022.{{cite book}}: CS1 maint: location missing publisher (link)
  14. ^ Blum, Ernest (29 August 2000). "Carnival Corp. to buy 100% of Costa". Travel Weekly. Archived from the original on 3 December 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  15. ^ Clark, Andrew (25 October 2002). "Carnival wins P&O Princess". The Guardian. ISSN 0261-3077. Archived from the original on 24 August 2021. Retrieved 13 November 2019.
  16. ^ "Seetours re-brands as Aida Cruises". FVW. 4 October 2004. Archived from the original on 31 October 2019.
  17. ^ Cogswell, David (8 February 2007). "Carnival to partner with Iberojet Cruceros in joint venture". Travel Weekly. Archived from the original on 3 December 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  18. ^ Faust, Mike (27 March 2014). "Ibero Cruises To Be Absorbed Into Costa Cruises". Cruise Currents. Archived from the original on 3 December 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  19. ^ a b "Concordia skipper's sentence upheld". 31 May 2016. Archived from the original on 15 August 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  20. ^ "Costa ship adrift off Seychelles". 27 February 2012. Archived from the original on 15 August 2019. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  21. ^ Staff, CIN (6 February 2018). "Costa and Juventus Partnership Kicks Off Aboard Costa Serena". Archived from the original on 17 April 2021. Retrieved 9 February 2018.
  22. ^ "Costa to Build Two New Ships". Cruise Industry News. 28 July 2015. Archived from the original on 3 December 2019. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  23. ^ "December Update: Costa Cruises Fleet Locations - Cruise Industry News | Cruise News". Archived from the original on 12 December 2022. Retrieved 12 December 2022.
  24. ^ "Costa by Carnival: New ships and a dose of dolce vita in the U.S." www.travelweekly.com. Archived from the original on 15 December 2022. Retrieved 15 December 2022.
  25. ^ "Carnival Corp sells Costa brand cruise ship to Greece's Seajets". TradeWinds | Latest shipping and maritime news. 8 February 2023.
  26. ^ "Costa Magica Sold to Seajets - Cruise Industry News | Cruise News". cruiseindustrynews.com/.
  27. ^ "Costa Cruises celebrates 75th anniversary". CruiseToTravel. 30 March 2023. Retrieved 31 March 2023.
  28. ^ "Costa Serena Sets Sail to Singapore Ahead of Asia Restart - Cruise Industry News | Cruise News". cruiseindustrynews.com/. Retrieved 23 May 2023.
  29. ^ "Costa Smeralda (9781889)". LeonardoInfo. Registro Italiano Navale. Retrieved 5 December 2019.
  30. ^ "Costa Toscana Delivered From Meyer Turku". Cruise Industry News. 2 December 2021. Archived from the original on 2 December 2021. Retrieved 2 December 2021.
  31. ^ "Pommern (2215709)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
  32. ^ "Eastern Trader (2219796)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
  33. ^ "Eastern Merchant (2219776)". Miramar Ship Index. Retrieved 31 March 2024.
  34. ^ a b Myers, Robby (3 December 2018). "The History of Grenada's Bianca C Shipwreck". Scuba Diving. Archived from the original on 18 November 2020. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  35. ^ "Renaissance". Simplon Postcards. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  36. ^ "Kenya Castle". Simplon Postcards. Archived from the original on 31 January 2020. Retrieved 22 November 2020.
  37. ^ Dixon, Gary (3 September 2012). "Costa Allegra scrapped". TradeWinds. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  38. ^ Staff, CIN (2 August 2017). "Costa Confirms: Victoria Back to Europe, neoClassica Sold". Archived from the original on 22 October 2021. Retrieved 2 August 2017.
  39. ^ cruise, industrynews (16 July 2020). "Celestyal Purchases Costa neoRomantica". Archived from the original on 28 October 2021. Retrieved 16 July 2020.
  40. ^ "Antares Experience beached At Gadani". YouTube.com. Gadani Ship Breaking. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2021.
  41. ^ "Weekly Vessel Scrapping Report: 2021 Week 42". Ship & Bunker. Archived from the original on 22 October 2021. Retrieved 4 December 2021.
  42. ^ "Costa Victoria arrivata a Piombino ma non potrà essere demolita in Italia". Shipping Italy (in Italian). 23 June 2020. Archived from the original on 18 April 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  43. ^ Jainchill, Johanna (29 June 2020). "Costa Victoria sold for scrap". Travel Weekly. Archived from the original on 1 December 2021. Retrieved 30 June 2020.
  44. ^ Mathisen, Monty (6 November 2018). "Costa Atlantica and Mediterranea Sold to New Chinese Brand". Cruise Industry News. Archived from the original on 24 March 2019. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  45. ^ Si, Katherine (13 January 2020). "CSSC Carnival Cruise Shipping takes delivery of Costa Atlantica". Seatrade Cruise News. Archived from the original on 13 October 2021. Retrieved 29 March 2020.
  46. ^ "Carnival Corp sells Costa brand cruise ship to Greece's Seajets". Tradewindsnews. Retrieved 8 February 2023.
  47. ^ "Luminosa Completes Final Cruise for Costa Ahead of Joining Carnival's Fleet". Archived from the original on 5 September 2022. Retrieved 7 September 2022.
  48. ^ "Grand Mistral South America season cancelled, ship transferred to Costa". 29 August 2013. Archived from the original on 31 August 2013. Retrieved 29 August 2013.
  49. ^ "AIDAmira Christened". Cruise Industry News. 1 December 2019. Archived from the original on 14 April 2021. Retrieved 3 December 2019.
  50. ^ "Costa Cruises sells the ship and cancels the trip - The Medi Telegraph". www.themeditelegraph.com/en/. Archived from the original on 14 July 2015. Retrieved 4 June 2016.
  51. ^ a b "Costa to Deploy Venezia to Europe as Another Ship Leaves China". 20 September 2021. Archived from the original on 20 September 2021. Retrieved 20 September 2021.
  52. ^ "Carnival Opens Sales for New Venezia, Year-Round Cruising from NYC". Cruise Industry News. New York. 14 November 2022. Archived from the original on 1 December 2022. Retrieved 1 December 2022.
  53. ^ "Carnival Cruise Line to Bring Costa Venezia to the U.S. in 2023, Costa Firenze in 2024, to Sail as Part of the Carnival Fleet". Archived from the original on 22 June 2022. Retrieved 22 June 2022.
  54. ^ a b Walker, Jim. "Costa Classica Cruise Ship Collides with Cargo Ship". Cruise Law News. Jim Walker of Walker & O'Neill Maritime Lawyers. Retrieved 18 February 2023.
  55. ^ "Costa Concordia reaches Genoa's main port for scrapping after 200-mile journey from wreckage site". The Independent. 27 July 2014. Archived from the original on 25 September 2015. Retrieved 19 September 2017.
  56. ^ "Costa Concordia capsizing costs over $2 billion for owners". Reuters. 6 July 2014. Archived from the original on 1 May 2020. Retrieved 15 August 2019.
  57. ^ a b "Costa Concordia captain Schettino guilty of manslaughter". BBC World News. 11 February 2015. Archived from the original on 16 July 2021. Retrieved 21 June 2018.
  58. ^ "Costa Concordia "Captain's Prison Sentence Upheld by Italian Court"". Time. 31 May 2016. Archived from the original on 24 August 2021. Retrieved 10 August 2016.
  59. ^ Hannah Sampson (10 March 2012). "Micky Arison on Costa Concordia accident: "I am very sorry it happened."". The Miami Herald. Archived from the original on 9 March 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  60. ^ Gene Sloan (9 March 2012). "Fire-damaged cruise ship Costa Allegra will not return". USAToday. Archived from the original on 12 March 2012. Retrieved 19 March 2012.
  61. ^ "First large cruise line with 2 ships back in operation". Travel Off Path. 20 September 2020. Archived from the original on 8 May 2021. Retrieved 22 September 2020. As of 19 September "Costa became the first large cruise line to relaunch the operations of a second ship"
  62. ^ "Cruise lines extend suspensions further into 2021". Travel Off Path. 9 January 2021. Archived from the original on 20 April 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021. Cruise lines extend suspensions further into 2021
  63. ^ "We are hoping to resume with the following start dates". Travel Off Path. 9 January 2021. Archived from the original on 3 December 2021. Retrieved 11 January 2021. we are pleased to announce the restart of operations from Italian ports. Initially, it will be a gradual restart from our Italian ports reserved exclusively for our Italian Guests.

Bibliography

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  • Ceserani, Gian Paolo; Piccione, Paolo (1998). Costa Crociere: cinquant'anni di stile [Costa Cruises: fifty years of style] (in Italian). Cinisello Balsamo, Milano: Silvana Editoriale. ISBN 8882150976.
  • Dellacasa, Erika (2012). I Costa: storia di una famiglia e di un'impresa [The Costas: the story of a family and a business] (in Italian). Venezia: Marsilio Editori. ISBN 9788831713030.
  • Peter, Bruce (2012). Costa Cruises. Ramsey, Isle of Man: Ferry Publications. ISBN 9781906608408.
  • Piccione, Paolo, ed. (2002). Costa crociere: ritratto di una flotta : storia per immagini delle navi Costa [Costa Cruises: portrait of a fleet: picture story of the Costa ships] (in Italian). Cinisello Balsamo, Milano: Silvana Editoriale. ISBN 888215386X.
  • Piccione, Paolo; Fochessati, Matteo (2003). Crociere nell'Arte: arte a bordo delle navi Italiane [Cruising into art: art on board Italian liners] (in Italian and English). Genova: Tormeno. ISBN 8884800595.
  • Piccione, Paolo; Ceserani, Gian Paolo; Palazzini, Fiora Steinbach (2008). Sessant'anni di crociere Costa: 1948-2008 [Sixty Years of cruising with Costa: 1948-2008] (in Italian). Cinisello Balsamo, Milano: Silvana Editoriale. OCLC 860565092.
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