List of Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product

This article lists Canadian provinces and territories by gross domestic product (GDP).

While Canada's ten provinces and three territories exhibit high per capita GDPs, there is wide variation among them. Ontario, the country's most populous province, is a major manufacturing and trade hub with extensive linkages to the northeastern and midwestern United States. The economies of Alberta, Saskatchewan, Newfoundland and Labrador and the territories rely heavily on natural resources. On the other hand, Manitoba, Quebec and The Maritimes have the country's lowest per capita GDP values.

In the face of these long-term regional disparities, the Government of Canada redistributes some of its revenues through unconditional equalization payments and finances the delivery of comparable levels of government services through the Canada Health Transfer and the Canada Social Transfer.

GDP and per capita GDP, 2022

A table listing total GDP (expenditure-based), share of Canadian GDP, population, and per capita GDP in 2022. For illustrative purposes, market income (total income less government transfers)^[1] per capita from tax returns is included. (The per capita, rather than per tax filer, measure is chosen for comparability with GDP per capita.)

Province or territory	GDP (million CAD, 2022)	Share of national GDP (%, 2022)	Population (July 1, 2022)	GDP per capita (CAD, 2022)	Market income per capita (CAD, 2022)
Canada	2,813,289	100.00	38,935,934	72,254	39,741
Alberta	459,288	16.33	4,510,747	101,821	43,434
British Columbia	395,215	14.05	5,357,486	73,769	42,094
Manitoba	86,531	3.08	1,412,568	61,258	33,057
Newfoundland and Labrador	40,720	1.45	531,308	76,641	33,871
New Brunswick	44,501	1.58	809,264	54,989	32,145
Northwest Territories	5,574	0.20	44,634	124,882	47,470
Nova Scotia	54,383	1.93	1,025,263	53,043	33,866
Nunavut	4,753	0.17	40,457	117,483	29,475
Ontario	1,048,258	37.26	15,141,455	69,231	40,940
Prince Edward Island	9,376	0.33	167,213	56,072	32,329
Quebec	545,594	19.39	8,673,184	62,906	37,819
Saskatchewan	114,412	4.07	1,178,455	97,086	35,744
Yukon	3,930	0.14	43,900	89,522	48,232

Source: Statistics Canada: GDP (totals),^[2] Population,^[3] Total income and government transfers,^[4] Population covered by income data^[5]

International comparisons, 2022

In the table below, the figures from the previous table are converted to United States dollars using the ratio of the International Monetary Fund's estimate for Canada's GDP by purchasing power parity (PPP) to Canada's nominal GDP.^[6] The per capita GDP PPP for the relevant year of other advanced economies with a population of at least 15 million according to the International Monetary Fund is provided as comparison.

(Note that because the same conversion rate is used for all of Canada, this method overstates the GDP PPP of provinces and territories with high price levels, and understates the GDP PPP of provinces and territories with low price levels.)

Province or territory	GDP PPP (million Int$, 2022)	GDP per capita PPP (Int$, 2022)
Canada	2,372,451	60,932
Ontario	883,998	58,383
Quebec	460,100	53,049
Alberta	387,318	85,866
British Columbia	333,285	62,209
Saskatchewan	96,484	81,873
Manitoba	72,972	51,659
Nova Scotia	45,861	44,731
New Brunswick	37,528	46,373
Newfoundland and Labrador	34,339	64,632
Prince Edward Island	7,907	47,286
Northwest Territories	4,701	105,314
Nunavut	4,008	99,073
Yukon	3,314	75,494
Australia		65,873
France		61,169
Germany		67,869
Italy		56,682
Japan		48,568
South Korea		57,202
Netherlands		77,729
Spain		49,945
Taiwan		70,875
United Kingdom		58,712
United States		77,980

Source: International Monetary Fund^[7]

Real GDP at basic prices, 2014–2018

A table listing annual GDP at basic prices from 2014 through 2018 in chained 2012 dollars. Caution: GDP at basic prices differs from GDP in the treatment of taxes and subsidies.^[8]

Province or territory	GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2014)	GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2015)	GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2016)	GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2017)	GDP (million chained (2012) CAD, 2018)
British Columbia	219,060.9	224,153.4	231,509.9	240,657.9	246,506.3
Alberta	338,262.6	326,476.7	313,241.5	327,596.2	335,095.6
Saskatchewan	80,175.7	79,574.2	79,364.4	81,179.0	82,502.7
Manitoba	58,276.3	59,082.5	60,066.2	61,941.2	62,723.1
Ontario	659,861.2	677,384.0	693,900.4	712,984.3	728,363.7
Quebec	338,319.0	341,688.0	346,713.7	356,677.9	365,614.4
New Brunswick	29,039.6	29,275.7	29,686.3	30,271.8	30,295.3
Prince Edward Island	5,205.6	5,280.7	5,372.2	5,553.3	5,700.0
Nova Scotia	34,747.2	35,013.4	35,549.3	36,075.4	36,518.2
Newfoundland and Labrador	31,143.3	30,806.0	31,334.5	31,610.6	30,757.9
Yukon	2,510.9	2,320.2	2,482.5	2,554.5	2,626.1
Northwest Territories	4,574.6	4,621.3	4,679.8	4,861.3	4,954.7
Nunavut	2,363.6	2,353.0	2,434.3	2,685.3	2,955.0

Source: Statistics Canada^[9]

Components of GDP, 2022

A table of Canadian provinces and territories by descending GDP (at current prices and expenditure-based); all figures are from Statistics Canada.^[10]

Province or territory	GDP (million CAD, 2022)	= Final consumption expenditure	+ Gross capital formation	+ Investment in Inventories	+ Exports	− Imports
Canada	2,813,289	2,095,366	655,217	58,343	1,479,834	1,476,141
British Columbia	395,215	303,857	107,640	8,666	162,910	187,951
Alberta	459,288	248,988	104,139	3,932	313,150	211,024
Saskatchewan	114,412	64,776	21,169	4,761	82,793	59,107
Manitoba	86,531	75,823	16,876	1,250	45,974	53,391
Ontario	1,048,258	806,682	243,641	23,684	531,292	557,299
Quebec	545,594	440,988	124,559	13,604	254,954	288,681
New Brunswick	44,501	43,572	8,762	1,199	33,216	42,259
Prince Edward Island	9,376	8,960	2,110	254	4,379	6,325
Nova Scotia	54,383	58,082	13,261	196	19,786	36,951
Newfoundland and Labrador	40,720	29,210	9,424	452	23,525	21,896
Yukon	3,930	4,004	1,234	−112	1,180	2,377
Northwest Territories	5,574	5,164	1,118	221	3,550	4,481
Nunavut	4,753	3,497	1,266	236	3,121	3,371

Figures may not add up precisely due to omission of the statistical discrepancy column and the "Outside Canada" row.

Census metropolitan areas (CMA) by GDP, 2020

This is a list of Canadian metropolitan areas by their gross domestic product (GDP) according to data by Statistics Canada.^[11]

Rank	Census metropolitan areas	GDP (million CAD, 2020)
1	Toronto (Census Metropolitan Area)	430,935
2	Montreal (Census Metropolitan Area)	228,707
3	Vancouver (Census Metropolitan Area)	163,772
4	Calgary (Census Metropolitan Area)	102,663
5	Edmonton (Census Metropolitan Area)	87,484
6	Ottawa–Gatineau (Census Metropolitan Area)	74,821
7	Quebec (Census Metropolitan Area)	47,935
8	Winnipeg (Census Metropolitan Area)	45,005
9	Hamilton (Census Metropolitan Area)	37,037
10	Tri-Cities (Census Metropolitan Area)	32,897
11	London (Census Metropolitan Area)	27,920
12	Halifax (Census Metropolitan Area)	24,447
13	Victoria (Census Metropolitan Area)	22,517
14	Saskatoon (Census Metropolitan Area)	20,196
15	Regina (Census Metropolitan Area)	17,462
16	St. Catharines – Niagara (Census Metropolitan Area)	17,407
17	Windsor (Census Metropolitan Area)	16,420
18	Oshawa (Census Metropolitan Area)	13,842
19	St. John's (Census Metropolitan Area)	12,912
20	Kelowna (Census Metropolitan Area)	11,267
21	Guelph (Census Metropolitan Area)	10,583
22	Sudbury (Census Metropolitan Area)	9,713
23	Sherbrooke (Census Metropolitan Area)	9,415
24	Kingston (Census Metropolitan Area)	9,218
25	Barrie (Census Metropolitan Area)	8,654
26	Saguenay (Census Metropolitan Area)	8,509
27	Abbotsford – Mission (Census Metropolitan Area)	8,367
28	Moncton (Census Metropolitan Area)	8,089
29	Trois-Rivières (Census Metropolitan Area)	6,886
30	Lethbridge (Census Metropolitan Area)	6,785
31	Saint John (Census Metropolitan Area)	6,367
32	Thunder Bay (Census Metropolitan Area)	6,247
33	Brantford (Census Metropolitan Area)	6,143
34	Belleville (Census Metropolitan Area)	5,115
35	Peterborough (Census Metropolitan Area)	4,904

Notes

^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (3 May 2017). "Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016 – Market income". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-11-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 November 2023). "Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-11-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (25 September 2024). "Population estimates, quarterly". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. "Tax filers and dependants with income by source of income". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-06-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. "Selected characteristics of tax filers and dependants, income and demographics (final T1 Family File)". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-06-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)
^ "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024". www.imf.org. Retrieved 2024-10-23.
^ "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024". www.imf.org. Retrieved 2024-10-23.
^ "Glossary". www150.statcan.gc.ca. 30 May 2017. Retrieved 2019-11-07.
^ "Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by industry, provinces and territories (x 1,000,000)". Government of Canada, Statistics. September 7, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2019.
^ "Table 36-10-0222-01 – Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual (dollars unless otherwise noted), CANSIM (database)". Statistics Canada. 2023-11-08.
^ "Statistics Canada. Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000)". Statistics Canada. May 17, 2023. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved June 13, 2020.

References

Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, by province and territory 2006–2010 (Statistics Canada)

[1] Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (3 May 2017). "Dictionary, Census of Population, 2016 – Market income". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2019-11-07.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[2] Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (8 November 2023). "Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-11-08.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[3] Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics (25 September 2024). "Population estimates, quarterly". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-09-26.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[4] Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. "Tax filers and dependants with income by source of income". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-06-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[5] Canada, Government of Canada, Statistics. "Selected characteristics of tax filers and dependants, income and demographics (final T1 Family File)". www150.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2024-06-27.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: multiple names: authors list (link)

[6] "World Economic Outlook Database, April 2024". www.imf.org. Retrieved 2024-10-23.

[7] "World Economic Outlook Database, October 2024". www.imf.org. Retrieved 2024-10-23.

[8] "Glossary". www150.statcan.gc.ca. 30 May 2017. Retrieved 2019-11-07.

[9] "Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by industry, provinces and territories (x 1,000,000)". Government of Canada, Statistics. September 7, 2019. Retrieved September 7, 2019.

[10] "Table 36-10-0222-01 – Gross domestic product, expenditure-based, provincial and territorial, annual (dollars unless otherwise noted), CANSIM (database)". Statistics Canada. 2023-11-08.

[11] "Statistics Canada. Table 36-10-0468-01 Gross domestic product (GDP) at basic prices, by census metropolitan area (CMA) (x 1,000,000)". Statistics Canada. May 17, 2023. Archived from the original on January 22, 2021. Retrieved June 13, 2020.

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