The first Iranian newspapers appeared in the mid-19th century during the reign of Naser al-Din Shah.[1] More specifically, the first newspaper in Iran, Kaghaz-e Akhbar (The Newspaper), was launched for the government by Mirza Saleh Shirazi in 1837.[2] By 1907 (the era of the Persian Constitutional Revolution), there were 90 newspapers circulating in Iran.[3]
In 1952 under Mohammad Musaddiq's government there were 300 newspapers, including twenty-five dailies.[4] During the 1979 revolution the number of newspapers was 100, of which twenty-three were dailies.[4]
As of 2000 there were 23 Persian dailies, three English dailies and one Arabic daily in the country.[5] In the period between 2000 and 2004 a total of 85 newspapers were closed down in Iran.[6]
Iranian newspapers
editBelow is a list of newspapers published in Iran.
| Title | Year est. | Language | Notes |
|---|---|---|---|
| Abrar[7] | Persian | Economic, political, artistic, social and cultural newspapers | |
| Alik (daily)[8] | 1931 | Armenian | Economic, political, artistic, social and cultural newspapers |
| Abrar-e Varzeshi[9] | Persian | Sports newspaper | |
| Afarinesh | Persian | ||
| Aftab Yazd[10] | 2000 | Persian | Political, social, economic, events. |
| Aftab-e Emruz[11] | Persian | political | |
| Aftab-e Shargh | Persian | ||
| Andisheh-ye-No | Persian | currently banned[citation needed] | |
| Asia News | 2001 | Persian | Economic Newspaper |
| Asr-e Azadegan | 1999 | Persian | |
| Asr-e Maa[12] | 1991 | Persian | political |
| Asrar | Persian | ||
| Azad | Persian | ||
| Atash | 1946–1947 | Persian | |
| Bahar | 2000 | ||
| Donyaye eqtesad[13] | 2002 | Persian | |
| Ebtekar[14] | Persian | ||
| Eftekhar[15] | Persian | ||
| Entekhab | 1991 | Persian | |
| Eqbal | Persian | ||
| Esfahan-e Emrooz[16] | Persian | ||
| Etemad[17] | 2002 | Persian | |
| Etemaad-e Melli | Persian | "Official newspaper of the National Trust Party"[18] | |
| Ettelaat | 1926 | English, Persian | "Centrist...Iran's oldest daily, moderate, a newspaper of record"[19] |
| Fath | Persian | ||
| Financial Tribune | 2014 | English | The only private newspaper in English and also the only non-Persian economic daily in Iran |
| Ghanoon | 2012 | Persian | |
| Gilan Emrouz[20] | Persian | ||
| Goalnewspaper[21] | 2005 | Persian | Sport newspaper |
| Ham-Mihan | 2000 | ||
| Hambastegi[22] | 2000 | Persian | |
| Hamshahri | 1992 | Persian | "Centrist press...Owned by Tehran Municipality, it is one of the best-selling dailies with a circulation of about 350,000"[19] |
| Hamvatan Salam[23][24] | Persian | Meaning "Hello Compatriot"; since before 1995,[25] still published as of August 2023[update][24] | |
| Hayat-e-No | Persian | currently banned[citation needed] | |
| Hemmat | 1981 | Persian | |
| Iran[26] | 1995 | Persian | "Government newspaper published by the Islamic Republic News Agency. The daily has a circulation of 100,000 and is popular among state officials"[18] |
| Iran Daily[27] | English | "Hardliner press...Pro-government"[19] | |
| Iran Weekly Press Digest | |||
| Iran-e Javan[28] | Persian | Cultural, artistic, sports, social | |
| Iran Front Page[29] | 2014 | English | Translation of selected items and front pages of Iranian newspapers to English: politics, society, culture, science, business, art, sports |
| Iran-e Varzeshi[30] | Persian | Sport newspaper | |
| Jame-Jam | 2002 | Persian | "Owned by the Islamic Republic of Iran Broadcasting...hardliner"[18] |
| Jamee-e Madani | Persian | ||
| Jameah | Persian | currently banned | |
| Javan[31] | Persian | "Hardliner...Right-wing daily affiliated with the Revolutionary Guards"[19] | |
| Jomhouri Eslami[32] | 1979 | Persian | "Hardliner...Closely linked to the Supreme Leader. The paper takes the line of adherence to Khomeini's ideals and has consistently taken a radical position on foreign policy issues and a conservative position on domestic and religious issues."[19] |
| Jomhuriat[33] | Persian | ||
| Kalemeh Sabz | Associated with "Green Movement leader, Mir-Hossein Mousavi"[18] | ||
| Kayhan[34] | 1943 | English, Persian | "Hardliner...One of the country's oldest daily papers, run after the revolution by the office of the Supreme Leader, who appoints the editor-in-chief, currently Hossein Shariatmadari. Kayhan is state-funded and has a role comparable to "Pravda" under Stalin."[19] |
| Kayhan Al Arabi[35] | 1943 | Arabic | "Hardliner...One of the country's oldest daily papers, run after the revolution by the office of the Supreme Leader, who appoints the editor-in-chief, currently Hossein Shariatmadari. Kayhan is state-funded and has a role comparable to "Pravda" under Stalin."[19] |
| Kelid | 2013 | ||
| Khabar | Persian | ||
| Khabar-e Jonub | Persian | ||
| Khane Mellat | Persian | ||
| Khorasan[36][37] | 1949 | Persian | Political, social. |
| Khordad | Persian | ||
| Khorshid | 2008 | Persian | |
| Kian | Persian | ||
| navad 90 (varzeshi)[38] | Persian | Sport | |
| Neshat | 1998 | Persian | "Aligned with Iran’s reform movement...Neshat’s director and editor in chief were Latif Safari and Mashallah Shamsolvaezi"[18] |
| Payam Ashna | Persian | the first newspaper of Alborz province | |
| Payam Zaman | Persian | ||
| Quds[39] | Persian | ||
| Resalat[40] | 1985 | Persian | "Hardliner...Owned by the Resalat Foundation, which has strong links to the traditional bazaar merchants-conservative but in favor of a market economy. It reflects the views of the conservative Islamic Coalition Party and the Islamic Association of Engineers"[19] |
| Ruydadiran (Ruydademrooz) [41] | Persian | "Social and Economic newspapers. It is a popular daily and nationwide newspaper that is distributed in all provinces of Iran." | |
| Salam | 1991 | ||
| Sarmayeh[42] | Persian | "Centrist...Economic paper run by a former head of the Tehran Stock Exchange, and shut down in October 2009"[19] | |
| Shargh | 2003 | Persian | "Pro-reform"[18] |
| Sobh-eqtesad[43] | Persian | ||
| Taban | Persian | ||
| Tehran Emrooz | "Centrist...Daily set up by a member of the Guardian Council, and close to Tehran Mayor Mohammad-Bager Ghalibaf"[19] | ||
| Tehran Times | 1954 | English | "Hardliner...Pro-government"[19] |
| Tous | 1998 | Persian | "Reformist daily...Published through the Jamee-Rooz publishing company...directed by Mohammad Sadeq Javadi-Hessar with Mashallah Shamsolvaezin as editor in chief."[18] Currently banned |
| Vaghaye Etefaghyeh | Persian | ||
| Al Vefagh | 1997 | Arabic | |
| Yas-e-no | Persian | ||
| Zan | 1998 |
See also
editReferences
edit- ^ Abbas Milani (2008). Eminent Persians. Syracuse University Press. p. 395. ISBN 978-0-8156-0907-0.
- ^ Amin 2014.
- ^ Browne, Edward G. The Persian Revolution. reprint. Mage Publishers. 1995. p. 127
- ^ a b Shahidi 2006.
- ^ Joel Thierstein; Yahya R. Kamalipour (2000). Religion, Law, and Freedom: A Global Perspective. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-275-96452-8.
- ^ "Forbidden Iran". Frontline. January 2004. Retrieved 12 October 2013.
- ^ Abrar Newspaper pishkhaan.net
- ^ Alik official website
- ^ Abrar varzeshi sport news abrarnews.com
- ^ aftabeyazd aftabeyazd.ir
- ^ David Menashri (2001). Post-revolutionary Politics in Iran: Religion, Society, and Power. Psychology Press. p. 326. ISBN 978-0-7146-5074-6.
- ^ "عصرما". Archived from the original on 13 April 2018. Retrieved 13 April 2018.
- ^ "روزنامه دنيای اقتصاد ، روزنامه صبح ايران". Donya-e-eqtesad (in Persian). Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ Ebtekar Newspaper ebtekarnews.com
- ^ "de beste bron van informatie over eftekharnews". Eftekhar News. Archived from the original on 21 June 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ kiuskportal.com (4 May 2013). "اؾů هان امعůˆŘ˛". Esfahan Emrooz. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ Etemad etemaad.com
- ^ a b c d e f g Monroe Price (ed.). "Wiki". Iran Media Program (in English and Persian). University of Pennsylvania, Annenberg School for Communication, Center for Global Communication Studies. Archived from the original on 16 February 2017. Retrieved 11 February 2017.
Collaborative network designed to enhance the understanding of Iran's media ecology
- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k Tehran Bureau 2009.
- ^ "gilantoday.com". Gilan Today. Archived from the original on 5 April 2014. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "روزنامه ورزشی گل | روزنامه ورزشی گل". Retrieved 5 February 2023.
- ^ "hambastegidaily.com - hambastegidaily Resources and Information". ww3.hambastegidaily.com. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
- ^ Majid Salimi. "روزنامهء هموطن سلام". Hamvatan salam (in Persian). Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ a b "Iran Media Directory". EIN Presswire. 27 August 2023. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
- ^ Shahidi, H. (2007). Journalism in Iran: From Mission to Profession. Iranian Studies. Taylor & Francis. p. 146. ISBN 978-1-134-09391-5. Retrieved 8 September 2023.
- ^ "ایران". Iran. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "News". Iran Daily. 20 March 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "روزنامه مجله ایرانی کانادا - اخبار کانادا - اخبار تورونتو - ونکوور - مونترال - کرونا - کار - خرید". Iran Javan News. Retrieved 5 February 2023.
- ^ Iran newspapers headlines ifpnews.com
- ^ iran sport daily روزنامه ابران ورزشى
- ^ Behnegarsoft.com. "جوان آنلاين". Javan. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "باسمه تعالي". Jomhourieslami. Archived from the original on 8 August 2001. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "de beste bron van informatie over creadit card". jomhouriyat. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "روزنامه کیهان". Kayhan News. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ Joel Thierstein; Yahya R. Kamalipour (1 January 2000). Religion, Law, and Freedom: A Global Perspective. Greenwood Publishing Group. p. 60. ISBN 978-0-275-96452-8. Retrieved 29 December 2017.
- ^ Khorasan Newspaper khorasannews.com
- ^ jaaar jaaar.com
- ^ 90 varzeshi روزنامه ورزشى ٩٠
- ^ "SmarterMail Login - SmarterMail". Quds daily. Archived from the original on 12 October 2013. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "روزنامه رسالت". Resalat. Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ "Ruydadiran". Retrieved 20 June 2015.
- ^ "sarmayeh". Retrieved 20 May 2013.
- ^ Sobh-eqtesad
Bibliography
edit- Peter Avery; Gavin Hambly; Charles Melville, eds. (1991). "Printing, the Press and Literature in Modern Iran". From Nadir Shah to the Islamic Republic. Cambridge History of Iran. Vol. 7. Cambridge University Press. ISBN 978-0-521-20095-0.
- "Iran: Directory: the Press". Europa World Year Book. Europa Publications. 2004. pp. 2175+. ISBN 978-1-85743-255-8.
- Hossein Shahidi (March 2006). "From Mission to Profession: Journalism in Iran, 1979–2004". Iranian Studies. 39 (1): 1–28. doi:10.1080/00210860500470177. S2CID 143005329.
- "Iran Media Guide". Tehran Bureau. 2009 – via Public Broadcasting Service, USA.
- Camron Michael Amin (2014). "The Press and Public Diplomacy in Iran, 1820–1940". Iranian Studies. 48 (2): 269–287. doi:10.1080/00210862.2013.871145. S2CID 144328080.
External links
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