This is a list of the offices of heads of state, heads of government, cabinet, and legislature, of sovereign states. Date of Origin refers to most recent fundamental change in form of government, for example independence, change from absolute monarchy to constitutional monarchy, revolution, new constitution.
Member and observer states of the United Nations
editOther states
edit| Country | Head of State | Head of Government | Cabinet | Legislature | Date of Origin |
|---|---|---|---|---|---|
| Abkhazia | President | Prime Minister | Government | People's Assembly | 1994 |
| Republic of China (commonly called "Taiwan") |
President | Premier | Executive Yuan | National Assembly[note 8] | 1947 (with constitutional amendments in 1991) |
| Legislative Yuan | |||||
| Control Yuan[note 9] | |||||
| Cook Islands[4] | Monarch | Premier | Parliament | 1965 | |
| Kosovo | President | Prime Minister | Government | Assembly | 2001 |
| Niue[4] | Monarch | Premier | Assembly | 1974 | |
| Northern Cyprus | President | Prime Minister | Government | Assembly of the Republic | 1985 |
| Somaliland | President | Parliament | 1991 | ||
| South Ossetia | President | Prime Minister | Cabinet | Parliament | 1991 |
| Transnistria | President | Prime Minister | Government | Supreme Soviet | 1991 |
| Western Sahara | President | Prime Minister | National Council | 1976 | |
See also
editNotes
edit- ^ The bishop of Urgell in Spain and the president of France serve as Andorra's princes, while each prince appoints a personal representative.
- ^ The President of China is legally a ceremonial office and head of state, but the General Secretary of the Chinese Communist Party (de facto leader) has always held this office since 1993 except for the months of transition, making the officeholder the most powerful political figure.
- ^ As a one-party ruling communist state, First Secretary of the Communist Party of Cuba holds higher authority over the President, serving as the de facto leader of Cuba.
- ^ As a one-party ruling communist state, General Secretary of the Lao People's Revolutionary Party holds higher authority over the President, serving as the de facto leader of Laos.
- ^ Kim Jong-un, as President of the State Affairs Commission is considered North Korea's "highest administrative authority". However, Choe Ryong-hae, as Chairman of the Standing Committee of the Supreme People's Assembly does many of the duties of a head of state. Deceased former North Korean rulers Kim Il Sung and Kim Jong Il are listed as the eternal leaders of Juche Korea.
- ^ The Declaration of Citizen Rights enshrined the modern rights of Sammarinese citizens and is the current basis of the nation's judiciary system
- ^ As a one-party ruling communist state, General Secretary of the Communist Party of Vietnam holds higher authority over the President, serving as the de facto leader of Vietnam.
- ^ The National Assembly was de facto dissolved in 2005 with some functions transferred to the Legislative Yuan.
- ^ Role changed to a non-parliamentary institution in 1993.
References
edit- ^ a b c d e f g h i j k l m In Commonwealth realms other than the UK, the Governor-General represents the Monarch of the UK who is the official head of state.
- ^ "Statsministeriet - History". Statsministeriet. Retrieved 1 September 2012.
- ^ Taylor, Stephen (2002). "Robert Walpole". In Eccleshall, Robert; Walker, Graham (eds.). Biographical Dictionary of British Prime Ministers. Routledge. p. 10.
- ^ a b The Cook Islands and Niue are under the sovereignty of the Monarch of New Zealand as self-governing states in free association with New Zealand. New Zealand and its associated states, along with Tokelau and the Ross Dependency, comprise the Realm of New Zealand.