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List of castles and fortresses in Azerbaijan

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This is a list of castles and fortresses in Azerbaijan. There are a lot of castles in Azerbaijan which were built in ancient and medieval times. Thus the names of some castles have "qala", "divar" or "qüllə" suffixes.

Karabakh Region

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Garakopaktapa Fuzuli District 3rd millennium BC Eneolithic Age
2 Askeran fortress Khankendi 1751 Melik Shahnazar II/Panah Ali Khan[1]  
3 Kachag Castle Khankendi 9th century Principality of Khachen  
4 Shahbulag Castle Aghdam 1752 Karabakh Khanate  
5 Shusha fortress Shusha 1751 Melikdoms of Artsakh/Karabakh Khanate[2]  
6 Koroghlu Fortress Gedebey 16th century Safavid Empire  
7 Maiden Tower Gedebey 9th century Bagratid Armenia  
8 Andorab Castle Tartar 8th century Bagratid Armenia[3]
9 Izz Castle Tartar 7th century Arminiya[4]
10 Gulistan Castle Goranboy 5th century Kingdom of Armenia[5]
11 Lex Castle Kalbajar 1140s Kingdom of Artsakh  
12 Shalat Castle Goranboy 4th century Kingdom of Armenia[6]
13 Chilgigala Castle Lachin 10th century Bagratid Armenia
14 Bayat Castle Tartar 1748 Karabakh Khanate
15 Baylakan Castle Beylagan District 5th century Kingdom of Armenia  
16 Barda Castle Berde 1122 Kingdom Of Artsakh
17 Maiden Tower Jabrail 12th century Shaddadids
18 Jomard Castle Kalbajar 6th century BC Orontid Armenia
19 Kalaboynu Castle Kalbajar 4th century BC Kingdom of Armenia
20 Ktish Castle Khojavend 5th century BC Orontid Armenia
21 Kerki Castle Khankendi 4th century BC Orontid Armenia[7]
22 Khan Castle Khankendi 2nd century Kingdom of Armenia
23 Shahid Castle Agjabedi 1918 Democratic Republic of Azerbaijan

Absheron Region

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Baku fortress Icheri Sheher 12th century Shirvanshahs  
2 Quadrangular Castle Mərdəkan (Baku) 12th century Akhsitan I ibn Minuchihr III  
3 Nardaran Fortress Baku 1301 Shirvanshahs  
4 Ramana Castle Baku 14th century Shirvanshahs  
5 Round Castle Sabunchu District 1232 Shirvanshahs  
6 Maiden Tower Icheri Sheher 9th century BC (The second time 12th century) Shirvanshahs  
7 Bilgah Castle Sabunçu, Baku 14th century BC Shirvanshahs  
8 Shagan Castle Baku 12th century Shirvanshahs  
9 Shikh Castle Baku 1232 Ilkhanake Empire
10 Burjs of Pirallahi Pirallahi Island 1329 Ilkhanate Empire

Ganjabasar Region

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Ganja Fortress Ganja 16th century Safavid Empire  
2 Askipara Monastery Castle Gazakh 5th century Kingdom of Armenia[8]
3 Old Ganja Castle Ganja 10th century Shaddadids  
4 Koroghlu Castle Tovuz 16th century Safavid Empire
5 Shamkir fortress Shamkir 17th century Safavid Empire
6 Hunan Castle Tovuz 8th century Bagratid Armenia
7 Didivan Castle Gazakh 6th century Kingdom of Armenia  
8 Zurnabad Castle Goygol 13th century Ilkhanate Empire  

Shaki-Zaqatala Region

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Sumug Castle İlisu 18th century Elisu Sultanate  
2 Shamilgala (Galacha) Gakh 1850s Zakatal Okrug  
3 Shaki fortress Shaki 15th century Shirvanshahs  
4 Gelersen-Görersen fortress Shaki 8th century Shirvanshahs  
5 Jinli Castle Ağçay 8th century Caucasian Albania  
6 Fairy Castle (Parigala) Zagatala 3rd century Caucasian Albania  
7 Kabalaka Gabala 1st century BC Caucasian Albania  
8 Aydinbulag Castle Sheki 9th century Sheki Kingdom
9 Hazrat Ali Castle Shaki 8th century Arab Caliphate
10 Nukha Castle Sheki 18th century Mahammadhuseyn Khan/Shaki Khanate  
11 Elisu Castle Gakh 1840s Elisu Sultanate  
12 Chingis Castle Gakh 15th century Safavid Empire
13 Icheri Bazar Castle Gakh 1710s Safavid Empire  
14 Hasan Khan Castle Gakh 1860s Zakatal Okrug
15 City Castle Sheki 3rd century BC Caucasian Albania
16 Zagatala Castle Zagatala 1830 Zakatal Okrug  
17 Oguz Castle Oguz 7th century BC Median Empire
18 Girls Castle Gabala 820s Salarids
19 Surkhay Khan Castle Oguz 18th century Elisu Sultanate
20 Bum Castle Gabala 5th century Caucasian Albania
21 Vandam Castle Gabala 5th century Caucasian Albania
22 Malug Castle Oguz 9th century Shaki Kingdom
23 Saray Castle Sheki 1750s Shaki Khanate

Castles in Janub (South) Region

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Kynon Castle Lankaran 8th century Khurramites
2 Balabyur Castle Lankaran 7th century Caucasian Albania
3 Shindan Castle Astara 7th century Caucasian Albania
4 Lankaran Castle Lankaran 1726 Safavid Empire  
5 Zindan Fortress Lankaran 1747 Afshar Empire  
6 Chay Castle Masally Khurramites 810s

Shimal (North) Region

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Chirag Gala Shabran District 4th century Caucasian Albania  
2 Shabran Castle Shabran 1st century BC Massagetae  
3 Turan Castle Kusar 7th century Caucasian Albania
4 Anig Castle Kusar 9th century Emirate of Darband
5 Khoja Castle Khachmaz 12th century Seljuk Empire

Aran Region

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Baghravan Castle-City Unknown 2nd millennium BC Kura–Araxes culture
2 Ultan Castle Sabirabad 4th century Caucasian Albania
3 Surkhay Castle Agdash 17th century Arash Sultanate
4 Seljuk Castle Bilasuvar 11th century Seljuk Empire
5 Galagayin Castle Sabirabad 13th century Ilkhanate
6 Bayramkoha Castle Goychay 3rd century Caucasian Albania
7 Safavid Castle Shirvan 1512 Safavid Empire
8 Su (Water) Castle Yevlakh 18th century Arash Sultanate

Shirvan Region

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Shamakhi Fortress Shamakhi 1045 Shirvanshahs
2 Javanshir Fortress Ismailli 640s Caucasian Albania
3 Niyal Castle Ismailli 3rd century Caucasian Albania  
4 Kala-Bugurt Shamakhi 14th century Shirvanshahs
5 Bashkal Castle Ismailli 13th century BC Shirvanshahs
6 Gulustan Castle Shamakhi 9th century Sajid dynasty  
7 Maiden Castle Ismailli 7th century Caucasian Albania
8 Khan Castle Ismailli 17th century Safavid Empire
9 Haram Castle Agsu 16th century Safavid Empire
10 Kasim Han Castle Ismailli 17th century Safavid Empire
11 Fit Castle Agsu 18th century Afshar Empire
12 Spring Castle Agsu 1741 Afshar Empire

Nakhchivan Autonomous Republic

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No. Name City Year Founder and Era Picture
1 Chalkhankala Fortress Kangarli 3rd millennium BC Aratta/Bronze Age
2 Sadarak Castle Sadarak Turukkis/15th century BC Bronze Age
3 Gazanchi Castle Julfa 2nd millennium BC Lullubi Kingdom/Bronze Age
4 Oglan Castle Sharur 2nd millennium BC Bronze Age
5 Gavur Castle Nakhchivan 2nd millennium BC Kura–Araxes culture
6 Abbasabad (fortress) Babek District 1810 Nakhichevan Khanate  
7 Jugha Castle Shahbuz 11th century Bagratid Armenia
8 Karasu Castle Sharur 2nd millennium BC Bronze Age
9 Yezidabad Castle Nakhchivan 640s Sasanian Empire  
10 Shapur Castle Shahbuz 1st century Kingdom of Armenia
11 Alinja Tower Julfa 1140s Kingdom of Syunik  
12 Ordubad Castle Ordubad 104 Kingdom of Armenia
13 Duylun Castle Babek District 6th century BC Median Empire
14 Nahajir Castle Julfa 2nd millennium BC Shulaveri-Shomu culture
15 Marzban Castle Babek District 9th century Salarids
16 Gul Kala Sharur 1140s Eldiguzids
11 Kharabagilan Ordubad 5th century Kingdom of Armenia  

See also

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Wikimedia Commons has media related to Castles in Azerbaijan.

References

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  1. ^ "Principality of Varanda - Nagorno Karabakh Republic". Retrieved 27 October 2023.
  2. ^ Mkrtchyan, Shahen [in Armenian] (1988). Ulubabyan, Bagrat (ed.). Historical and Architectural Monuments of Nagorno-Karabakh (PDF). Yerevan: Parberakan. pp. 161–162. ISBN 5-540-00402-7.
  3. ^ Bakshi, Kim (2015). The Sacred Treasures of Artsakh. ISBN 9789939013855.
  4. ^ Evans, Helen J (2018). Islamic Art, Armenian Art: Connections across Religions. Princeton University.
  5. ^ Armenian Monuments in the Region of Karabakh. "Gitutiun" Publishing House of NAS RAA. 2001. ISBN 9785808004689.
  6. ^ Hasratian, Murad (2010). Early Christian Architecture of Armenia. Incobook. ISBN 978-5888520284.
  7. ^ Maranci, Christina (22 November 2018). The Art of Armenia. Oxford University Press Inc. ISBN 978-0190269005.
  8. ^ Stone & Candle: Armenian Monastaries. Benjamin Wolbergs. ISBN 978-3-96900-109-7.
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