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Houston, British Columbia

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Houston (/ˈhjuːstən/ ⓘ HEW-stən) is a forestry, mining and tourism town in the Bulkley Valley of the Northern Interior of British Columbia, Canada. Its population as of 2021 was 3,052, with approximately 2,000 in the surrounding rural area. It is known as the "steelhead capital" and it has the world's largest fly fishing rod. Houston's tourism industry is largely based on ecotourism and Steelhead Park, situated along Highway 16. Houston is named in honour of the pioneer newspaperman John Houston.[2]

Houston
District municipality
District of Houston[1]
Houston Public Library
Houston Public Library
Houston is located in British Columbia
Houston
Houston
Location of Houston in British Columbia
Houston is located in Canada
Houston
Houston
Houston (Canada)
Coordinates: 54°23′51″N 126°38′31″W / 54.39750°N 126.64194°W / 54.39750; -126.64194
CountryCanada
ProvinceBritish Columbia
RegionBulkley Valley
Regional districtRegional District of Bulkley-Nechako
Incorporated1957
Government
 • MayorShane Brienen
Area
 • Total
72.94 km2 (28.16 sq mi)
Elevation
610 m (2,000 ft)
Population
 (2021)
 • Total
3,052
 • Density41.9/km2 (109/sq mi)
Time zoneUTC−08:00 (PST)
 • Summer (DST)UTC−07:00 (PDT)
Area code250 / 778 / 236
Highways Highway 16 (TCH) Trans-Canada Highway
WebsiteDistrict of Houston

History

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The Morice area was first charted by amateur historian, cartographer and geologist, Reverend Adrien-Gabriel Morice (1859-1938) known to northern British Columbian locals as "Father Morice." In 1880, Morice came to British Columbia as a Catholic missionary to the native people and was one of the first 'white men' to see most of the area. Morice wrote The History of the Northern Interior of British Columbia (formerly New Caledonia) [1660 to 1880]. The Indigenous people were initially known as Carrier Indians, but today are more commonly referred to as the Wet'suwet'en (sometimes spelled Wit'suwit'en) and speak a language commonly referred to as Dakeł (Northern Athabaskan or Na-Dene language). The Morice River is called "Wet-zuhn-kwa" by the Wet'suwet'en people because of the bluish-green colour of the water.

Wet-zuhn-kwa produces fresh water species like rainbow trout, cutthroat trout, and Dolly Varden trout (bull trout). Pacific salmon species include Chinook salmon (spring or king salmon), sockeye salmon, pink salmon (humpies or humpbacks), coho salmon, and steelhead salmon, an anadromous form of the coastal rainbow trout.

The area is also rich in wildlife as it is not uncommon to spot moose, deer, black bear, grizzly bear, cougars and so on. Nanika River feeds Morice Lake and produces sockeye salmon. In the 1970s, the proposed Kemano Completion Project threatened to dam Nanika River. The project was eventually shelved. Morice River is a tributary of the Skeena river system, which is the second-largest system in BC that enters the Pacific Ocean at Prince Rupert.

In 1983, a huge forest-fire that started at Parrot Lakes threatened the community of Houston. A campfire being used by two tourists from Switzerland got out of control. The fire became known as the "Swiss Fire" and burned notable landmarks like Rose Ranch and Morice Mountain. In the post World War II era, many settlers in the region between Prince George and Prince Rupert arrived as a result of the Frontier Apostle[3] movement.

Geography

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West of Houston are Telkwa (49 km [30 mi]), Smithers (66 km [41 mi]), Witset (97 km [60 mi]), Old Hazelton, New Hazelton (130 km [81 mi]), Terrace (269 km [167 mi]), and Prince Rupert (413 km [257 mi]). East of Houston are Topley (30 km [19 mi]), Granisle (79 km [49 mi]), Burns Lake (81 km [50 mi]), Fraser Lake (150 km [93 mi]), and Prince George (304 km [189 mi]).

Houston is located near the confluence of the Bulkley River and Morice River approximately 65 km (40 mi) south of Smithers along Highway 16. Buck Creek also joins the Bulkley River near the community by the local mall. Historically, Buck Creek formed a delta where most of the downtown is located. The delta was channelled and dyked which probably led to the downfall and destruction of important, rearing habitat of young salmon produced in that stream.

The area is in a rain shadow of the Coast Mountains, however due to being dominated by a low pressure region, Houston receives a mid-range volume of precipitation annually.

Morice Lake is located 80 km (50 mi) south along the Morice River Forest Service Road (FSR). Nestled into the Coast Mountains, many Houstonites use this area for recreational camping and fishing.

The Bulkley, a small stream running through Houston, and the Morice River join just west of Houston. At the point of their joining they become the Bulkley River, not the Morice despite the fact the Morice is larger. This was done by Poudrier, a government cartographer who, it is rumoured, never saw the region. The Bulkley is named for American engineer, Colonel Charles S. Bulkley, one of the surveyors constructing the Russian–American Telegraph line through the Pleasant Valley. This was in the late 1800s.

Nearby communities:

Climate

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Houston has a humid continental climate (Köppen Dfb) with mild summers and cold winters. Houston is not as prone to extreme temperature record swings as some other nearby areas, but still retains sizeable seasonal differences and has a temperature amplitude of 76 °C (137 °F). Being in a rain shadow of the coastal mountains, Houston has a quite dry climate with relatively uniform precipitation year-round. Annual snowfall is still quite high due to the five-month period with means below freezing.

Demographics

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In the 2021 Census of Population conducted by Statistics Canada, Houston had a population of 3,052 living in 1,271 of its 1,461 total private dwellings, a change of 2% from its 2016 population of 2,993. With a land area of 72.88 km2 (28.14 sq mi), it had a population density of 41.9/km2 (108.5/sq mi) in 2021.[4]

Federal census population history
YearPop.±%
1961699—    
1966699+0.0%
19712,232+219.3%
19762,673+19.8%
19813,921+46.7%
19863,905−0.4%
19913,628−7.1%
YearPop.±%
19963,934+8.4%
20013,577−9.1%
20063,163−11.6%
20113,147−0.5%
20162,993−4.9%
20213,052+2.0%
Source: Statistics Canada
[5][6][7][8][9][10][11]

Ethnicity

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Panethnic groups in the District of Houston (1986−2021)
Panethnic group 2021[12] 2016[13] 2011[14] 2006[15] 2001[16] 1996[17] 1991[18][19] 1986[20][21][22]: 99 
Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. % Pop. %
European[a] 2,295 76.12% 2,330 78.06% 2,555 81.5% 2,610 82.46% 2,930 81.84% 3,450 87.79% 2,970 81.82% 3,260 83.48%
Indigenous 530 17.58% 495 16.58% 370 11.8% 375 11.85% 335 9.36% 135 3.44% 355 9.78% 265 6.79%
South Asian 80 2.65% 60 2.01% 175 5.58% 150 4.74% 245 6.84% 290 7.38% 255 7.02% 320 8.19%
African 55 1.82% 50 1.68% 15 0.48% 0 0% 0 0% 10 0.25% 0 0% 0 0%
Southeast Asian[b] 40 1.33% 25 0.84% 15 0.48% 10 0.32% 30 0.84% 15 0.38% 10 0.28% 15 0.38%
East Asian[c] 25 0.83% 20 0.67% 10 0.32% 20 0.63% 45 1.26% 10 0.25% 30 0.83% 40 1.02%
Latin American 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 10 0.25% 10 0.28% 5 0.13%
Middle Eastern[d] 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0%
Other/multiracial[e] 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 0 0% 10 0.25% — — — —
Total responses 3,015 98.79% 2,985 99.73% 3,135 99.62% 3,165 100.06% 3,580 100.08% 3,930 99.9% 3,630 100.06% 3,905 100%
Total population 3,052 100% 2,993 100% 3,147 100% 3,163 100% 3,577 100% 3,934 100% 3,628 100% 3,905 100%
Note: Totals greater than 100% due to multiple origin responses

Religion

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According to the 2021 census, religious groups in Houston included:[12]

Transportation

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Houston station, 1971

Via Rail's Jasper–Prince Rupert train calls at the Houston railway station several times per week. Houston can be reached by the Trans-Canada Highway, which enters the community as Highway 16, part of the Yellowhead Highway. Located 5 nautical miles (9.3 km; 5.8 mi) northwest of the community is Houston Aerodrome which is operated by the District of Houston.[23] The aerodrome has no scheduled service.

Politics

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Houston is located in the federal electoral district of Skeena-Bulkley Valley. As of 2023, Taylor Bachrach is the Member of Parliament. He won in the election of 2019 after incumbent Nathan Cullen declined to seek re-election.

Provincially, Houston is located in the Nechako Lakes electoral district. John Rustad is the current MLA as of 2023. Rustad was first elected in 2009 representing the BC Liberal Party, and was re-elected in 2013, 2017 and 2020. Following the election of 2020, Rustad sat briefly as an Independent in the BC Legislative Assembly. He then switched to the BC Conservative Party in 2023.

Recreation

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The Houston Hikers' Society provides website where trail information, maps, photos and driving directions can be accessed. The Morice Mountain Nordic Ski Club is a volunteer non-profit society. The MMNSC is responsible for all developments and trail grooming as well as maintenance of the facilities, and for trail users' fee collections. The ski trails are situated 8 km (5 mi) south of Houston on Buck Flats Road. Skiing enthusiasts are able to explore over 45 km (28 mi) of challenging and beginner trails covering a rolling topography around Silverthorne Lake.

Many locals frequent the Nanika-Kidprice Lakes Basin canoe route. This basin lies on the eastern slope of the Coastal Mountain Range and forms the upper watershed of the Morice-Bulkley rivers. The basin area is 920 m (3,020 ft) above sea level and is surrounded by glaciated and snow-capped peaks that rise as high as 2,400 m (7,900 ft). The 30 km (19 mi) route takes about three or four days to complete. There is approximately 4 km (2 mi) of portages between three lakes.

The recently constructed Houston Leisure Facility holds a pool, hot-tub, sauna and fitness gym. Houston has a nine-hole golf course. Jamie Baxter Park was named after a boy that disappeared in the forest while playing in the Buck Flats area in the late 1970s. It was fall-time and temperatures at night dipped below 0 °C (32 °F) and the boy eventually lost his life.

Education

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Houston is located in School District 54 Bulkley Valley and has three public schools and one privately run Christian denominational school.

Elementary schools:

  • Silverthorne Elementary School
  • Twain Sullivan Elementary School

Secondary schools:

The Houston Christian School teaches from K-12.

Notes

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  1. ^ Statistic includes all persons that did not make up part of a visible minority or an indigenous identity.
  2. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Filipino" and "Southeast Asian" under visible minority section on census.
  3. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Chinese", "Korean", and "Japanese" under visible minority section on census.
  4. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "West Asian" and "Arab" under visible minority section on census.
  5. ^ Statistic includes total responses of "Visible minority, n.i.e." and "Multiple visible minorities" under visible minority section on census.

References

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  1. ^ "British Columbia Regional Districts, Municipalities, Corporate Name, Date of Incorporation and Postal Address" (XLS). British Columbia Ministry of Communities, Sport and Cultural Development. Archived from the original on July 13, 2014. Retrieved November 2, 2014.
  2. ^ "Archived copy". Archived from the original on 2007-09-26. Retrieved 2007-04-19.{{cite web}}: CS1 maint: archived copy as title (link)
  3. ^ Frontier Apostle
  4. ^ "Population and dwelling counts: Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), British Columbia". Statistics Canada. February 9, 2022. Retrieved February 20, 2022.
  5. ^ "Table 9: Population by census subdivisions, 1966 by sex, and 1961". 1966 Census of Canada. Western Provinces. Vol. Population: Divisions and Subdivisions. Ottawa: Dominion Bureau of Statistics. 1967.
  6. ^ "Table 3: Population for census divisions and subdivisions, 1971 and 1976". 1976 Census of Canada. Census Divisions and Subdivisions, Western Provinces and the Territories. Vol. Population: Geographic Distributions. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1977.
  7. ^ "Table 2: Census Subdivisions in Alphabetical Order, Showing Population Rank, Canada, 1981". 1981 Census of Canada. Vol. Census subdivisions in decreasing population order. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1982. ISBN 0-660-51563-6.
  8. ^ "Table 2: Population and Dwelling Counts, for Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 and 1991 – 100% Data". 91 Census. Vol. Population and Dwelling Counts – Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions. Ottawa: Statistics Canada. 1992. pp. 100–108. ISBN 0-660-57115-3.
  9. ^ "Population and Dwelling Counts, for Canada, Provinces and Territories, and Census Divisions, 2001 and 1996 Censuses – 100% Data (British Columbia)". Statistics Canada. Retrieved 2019-05-28.
  10. ^ "Population and dwelling counts, for Canada, provinces and territories, and census subdivisions (municipalities), 2006 and 2001 censuses – 100% data (British Columbia)". Statistics Canada. January 6, 2010. Retrieved 2019-05-28.
  11. ^ "Census Profile, 2016 Census". Statistics Canada. February 8, 2017. Retrieved 2020-02-04.
  12. ^ a b Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2022-10-26). "Census Profile, 2021 Census of Population". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2022-11-11.
  13. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2021-10-27). "Census Profile, 2016 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  14. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2015-11-27). "NHS Profile". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  15. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-08-20). "2006 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  16. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-07-02). "2001 Community Profiles". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  17. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-07-02). "Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions, 1996 Census". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  18. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-03-29). "1991 Census Area Profiles Profile of Census Divisions and Subdivisions - Part B". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  19. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-03-29). "Data tables, 1991 Census Population by Ethnic Origin (24), Showing Single and Multiple Origins (2) - Canada, provinces and territories, census divisions and census subdivisions". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  20. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-06-27). "Data tables, 1986 Census Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 Census - Part A". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  21. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2019-06-27). "Data tables, 1986 Census Census Profile for Canada, Provinces and Territories, Census Divisions and Census Subdivisions, 1986 Census - Part B". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  22. ^ Government of Canada, Statistics Canada (2013-04-03). "Canada's aboriginal population by census subdivisions from the 1986 Census of Canada". www12.statcan.gc.ca. Retrieved 2023-05-14.
  23. ^ Canada Flight Supplement. Effective 0901Z 16 July 2020 to 0901Z 10 September 2020.

Smith, Elnora. C. (1971). Marks On The Forest Floor - A Story Of Houston, British Columbia. Houston British Columbia: Houston Centennial '71 Committee.

  • Hinzmann, Christine. Frontier Apostolate marks 60th anniversary, Prince George Citizen, August 18, 2016 [1]
  • North Coast Review, Frontier Apostles the focus of Vancouver Sun article (2012)[2]
  • The Kerryman, Frontier Apostle who loved travel and literature
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