List of people known as the Elder or the Younger

"The Elder" and "the Younger" are epithets generally used to distinguish between two individuals, often close relatives. In some instances, one of the pair is much more famous, and hence not known as "the Elder" or "the Younger", e.g. Carl Linnaeus; in such cases, they are not listed in a separate column but rather in the notes of the other person.

People

Ancient world

Ordered alphabetically by first name
The Elder	Lifespan	Notes	Relationship	The Younger	Lifespan	Notes
Adobogiona the Elder	fl. c. 90 BC–c. 50 BC	Galatian princess	Mother of	Adobogiona the Younger	fl. c. 70 BC–c. 30 BC	Illegitimate daughter of King of Pontus Mithridates VI Eupator
Agrippina the Elder	c. 14 BC–33 AD	Wife of Roman general Germanicus	Mother of	Agrippina the Younger	15–59	Roman empress, wife and niece of Emperor Claudius
Aristaeus the Elder	370 BC–300 BC	Greek mathematician. Pappus of Alexandria refers to him as the Elder, but nothing is known about the other Aristaeus.
Aristippus	c. 435 BC–c. 356 BC	Greek Hedonistic philosopher	Grandfather of	Aristippus the Younger	c. 380 BC – ?	Greek philosopher
Aristomachos I	died c. 240 BC	Greek tyrant	Father of	Aristomachos II	died. c. 223 BC	Greek general and tyrant
Arnobius	died c. 330	Christian apologist		Arnobius the Younger	fl. 460	Christian priest or bishop in Gaul and author
Cato the Elder	234 BC–149 BC	Roman soldier, senator and historian	Great-grandfather of	Cato the Younger	95 BC–46 BC	Roman senator
Cephisodotus the Elder	fl. c. 400–c. 360 BC	Greek sculptor	Grandfather of	Cephisodotus the Younger	4th century BC	Greek sculptor
Cyrus the Great	c. 600 BC–530 BC	Founder of the Achaemenid Empire, the first Persian empire		Cyrus the Younger	died 401 BC	Achaemenid prince and general
Dionysius I of Syracuse	c. 432 BC–367 BC	Greek tyrant of Syracuse	Father of	Dionysius II of Syracuse	c. 397 BC–343 BC	Greek politician and ruler of Syracuse
Domitilla the Elder	died before 69	Wife of Vespasian; died before he became Emperor of Rome	Mother of	Domitilla the Younger	c. 45–c. 66	Only daughter of Vespasian
Drusus the Elder / Nero Claudius Drusus	38 BC–9 BC	Roman politician and general	Uncle of	Drusus Julius Caesar	14 BC–23 AD	Son and heir of Roman emperor Tiberius
Faustina the Elder	c. 100–140	Wife of Roman emperor Antoninus Pius	Mother of	Faustina the Younger	c. 130–175/176	Wife of Roman emperor Marcus Aurelius
Hillel the Elder	c. 110 BC–10 AD	Jewish religious leader, sage and scholar, sometimes confused with Hillel II (fl. 320–385)
				Homerus of Byzantium	fl. early 3rd century BC	Ancient Greek grammarian and tragic poet, sometimes called ho Neoteros ("the Younger") to distinguish him from the poet Homer
Hydarnes	6th and 5th centuries BC	Persian satrap	Father of	Hydarnes the Younger	5th century BC	Persian satrap, leader of the Immortals during the Battle of Thermopylae (480 BC)
Intef the Elder	fl. c. 2150 BC	Ancient Egyptian nomarch of Thebes; ancestor of Intef I (fl. late 22nd century BC), a pharaoh of the 11th Dynasty
Julia Major	before 103 BC–?	Elder sister of Julius Caesar	Elder sister of	Julia Minor	before 100 BC–51 BC	Also an elder sister of Julius Caesar, as well as grandmother of Emperor Augustus
Julia the Elder	39 BC–14 AD	Daughter of Emperor Augustus and second wife of Emperor Tiberius	Mother of	Julia the Younger	19 BC–c. 29 AD	Daughter of Julia the Elder's second husband, Marcus Vipsanius Agrippa
Macarius of Egypt	c. 300–391	Coptic Christian monk and hermit	Contemporary of	Macarius of Alexandria	c. 300–395	Egyptian monk and Coptic saint
Macrina the Elder	before 270–c. 340	Christian saint	Mother of	Macrina the Younger	c. 327–July 379	Christian saint
Melania the Elder	c. 350–before 410 or c. 417	Christian saint	Grandmother of	Melania the Younger	c. 383–439	Christian saint
Metrodorus of Lampsacus (the elder)	died 464 BC	Greek philosopher		Metrodorus of Lampsacus (the younger)	331/0 BC–278/7 BC	Greek philosopher
Miltiades the Elder	c. 590 BC–525 BC	Athenian politician	Uncle of	Miltiades	c. 550 BC–489 BC	Athenian general
Nilus of Sinai	died 430 or 451	Christian saint		Nilus the Younger	910–1005	Christian saint, monk and abbot
Octavia the Elder	died after 29 BC	Half-sister of the first Roman emperor, Augustus	Elder half-sister of	Octavia the Younger	c. 66 BC–11 BC	Elder sister of Emperor Augustus
Olympiodorus the Elder	5th century	Byzantine philosopher	No relation to	Olympiodorus the Younger	6th century	Byzantine philosopher, astrologer and teacher
Osorkon the Elder	fl. 992 BC–986 BC	Ancient Egyptian pharaoh of the 21st Dynasty; granduncle of Osorkon I (fl. 922 BC–887 BC), a pharaoh of the 22nd Dynasty
				Philip II	237–249	Son and heir of the Roman emperor Philip the Arab
Philostratus of Lemnos	c. 190–c. 230	Greek sophist/philosopher	Possibly the grandfather of	Philostratus the Younger	3rd century	Greek sophist/philosopher
Pliny the Elder	23/24–79	Roman author, naturalist, natural philosopher, and naval and army commander	Uncle of	Pliny the Younger	61–c. 113	Roman lawyer, author and magistrate
Polykleitos	fl. 5th century BC	Greek sculptor	Father of	Polykleitos the Younger	fl. c. 4th century BC	Greek architect and sculptor
Poppaea Sabina the Elder	c. 10–c. 47	Ancient Roman aristocrat	Mother of	Poppaea Sabina	30–65	Second wife of the Emperor Nero
Scipio Africanus	236/235 BC–183 BC	Roman general in the Second Punic War and statesman	Adoptive grandfather of	Scipio Africanus the Younger / Scipio Aemilianus	185 BC–129 BC	Roman general in the Third Punic War and statesman
Seneca the Elder	c. 54 BC–c. 39 AD	Roman writer	Father of	Seneca the Younger	c. 4 BC–65 AD	Roman philosopher, statesman, dramatist and satirist
Simeon Stylites	c. 390–459	Syrian Christian ascetic/stylite noted for living 37 years on a small platform on top of a pillar		Simeon Stylites the Younger	521–596/597	Stylite and Eastern Orthodox and Roman Catholic saint
Tarquin the Elder / Lucius Tarquinius Priscus	fl. c. 616–578 BC	Legendary fifth king of Rome
Count Theodosius	died 376	Roman general	Great-grandfather of	Theodosius II	401–450	Roman emperor
				Tigranes the Younger	fl. 65 BC	Briefly King of Sophene; son of Tigranes the Great, King of Armenia

Middle Ages

Note: A few pairs straddle the boundary between the Middle Ages and the modern era—c. 1500—and are listed in both sections.

Ordered alphabetically by first name
The Elder	Lifespan	Notes	Relationship	The Younger	Lifespan	Notes
Æbbe of Coldingham	c. 615–683	Anglian abbess and noblewoman	No relation to	Æbbe the Younger	died 870	Anglo-Saxon abbess and saint
Aldus Manutius	c. 1449/1452–1515	Italian printer and humanist	Grandfather of	Aldus Manutius the Younger	1547–1597	Italian printer and humanist
Antonio da Sangallo the Elder	c. 1453–1534	Italian architect	Uncle of	Antonio da Sangallo the Younger	1484–1546	Italian architect
Bal'ami the Elder / Abu'l-Fadl al-Bal'ami	died 940	Vizier of Nasr II	Relative of	Bal'ami the Younger / Abu Ali Bal'ami	died between 992 and 997	Persian historian, writer and vizier of the Samanid Empire
Bardas Phokas the Elder	c. 878–c. 968	Byzantine general	Granduncle of	Bardas Phokas the Younger	c. 940–989	Byzantine general who took a conspicuous part in three revolts for and against the ruling Macedonian dynasty
Barisan of Ibelin	died 1150	Lord of Ramla	Father of	Barisan the Younger / Balian of Ibelin	c. 1143–1193	A crusader noble of the Kingdom of Jerusalem, Lord of Ibelin
Çandarlı Kara Halil Hayreddin Pasha	died 1387	First grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire	Grandfather of	Çandarlı Halil Pasha the Younger	died 1453	11th grand vizier of the Ottoman Empire
Carthage the Elder	died 6th century	Irish saint, bishop and abbot	Claimed to be the foster father of	Carthage the Younger / Mo Chutu of Lismore	died 639	Irish saint and abbot
				Charles the Younger	c. 772–811	King of the Franks, son of Charlemagne (also known as Charles the Great)
Ciarán of Saigir	died c. 530	Bishop of Saigir, one of the Twelve Apostles of Ireland, considered the first saint to have been born in Ireland		Ciarán of Clonmacnoise	c. 516–c. 549	Saint, one of the Twelve Apostles of Ireland and first abbot of Clonmacnoise
Conrad I, Count of Auxerre	died c. 864		Father of	Conrad II, Duke of Transjurane Burgundy	died 876
Conrad, Duke of Thuringia	died 906		Father of	Conrad I of Germany	c. 881–918	King of East Francia
Eadnoth the Elder	fl. up to 991?	Prior of Ramsey before his duties were assumed by Eadnoth the Younger	Contemporary of	Eadnoth the Younger	fl. c. 992–1016	English monk and prelate, Abbot of Ramsey and Bishop of Dorchester
Edward the Elder	c. 874–17 July 924	King of the Anglo-Saxons and son of Alfred the Great; called "the Elder" to distinguish him from Edward the Martyr, King of the English (c. 962–978)
				Fulk, King of Jerusalem	c. 1089/1092–1143	Also Count of Anjou, son of Fulk IV, Count of Anjou (1043–1109)
Hans Holbein the Elder	c. 1460–1524	German painter	Father of	Hans Holbein the Younger	c. 1497–1543	German-Swiss painter and printmaker
Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg	1463–1514	Also Prince of Wolfenbüttel	Father of	Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg	1489–1568	Also Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Heraclius the Elder	died 610	Byzantine general	Father of	Heraclius	c. 575–641	Byzantine emperor
Hugh Despenser the Elder	1261–1326	Earl of Winchester and chief adviser to King Edward II of England	Father of	Hugh Despenser the Younger	c. 1287/1289–1326	Royal chamberlain and a favourite of King Edward II
Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Elder	died 1429	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire	Grandfather of	Çandarlı Ibrahim Pasha the Younger	1429–1499	Grand Vizier of the Ottoman Empire
Inge the Elder	died c. 1105–1110	King of Sweden	Uncle of	Inge the Younger	fl. c. 1110–c. 1125	King of Sweden
Isaiah di Trani	c. 1180–c. 1250	Italian Talmudist	Grandfather of	Isaiah di Trani the Younger	13th century	Italian Talmudist and commentator
Jakob Fugger the Elder	1398–1469	German master weaver, town councillor and merchant, father of German merchant, mining entrepreneur, and banker Jakob Fugger (1459–1525)
				Justin II	died 578	Byzantine emperor, nephew of a nephew of Emperor Justin I
Leo Phokas the Elder	fl. 910s	Byzantine general	Uncle of	Leo Phokas the Younger	915/920–after 971	Byzantine general
Lorenzo the Elder	c. 1395–1440	Italian banker, great-uncle of Lorenzo de' Medici (1449–1492), aka Lorenzo the Magnificent, Lord of Florence
Lorenzo Costa	1460–1535	Italian painter	Grandfather of	Lorenzo Costa the Younger	1537–1583	Italian painter
				Louis the Younger	830/835–882	King of Saxony and King of Bavaria, son of Louis the German, first king of East Francia
				Louis VII of France	1120–1180	King of the Franks, son of Louis VI of France, King of the Franks
				Louis II of Italy	825–875	King of Italy and Holy Roman Emperor, grandson of Louis the Pious, King of the Franks, co-emperor with his father, Charlemagne, and King of Aquitaine
Lucas Cranach the Elder	c. 1472–1553	German painter and printmaker	Father of	Lucas Cranach the Younger	1515–1586	German painter and portraitist
Martin of Aragon / Martin the Elder	1356–1410	King of Aragon, Valencia, Sardinia and Corsica, Count of Barcelona and King of Sicily	Father of	Martin I of Sicily / Martin the Younger	c. 1374/1376–1409	King of Sicily
				Michael Psellos	1017/1018–1078? or 1096?	Byzantine Greek monk, savant, writer, philosopher, imperial courtier, historian and music theorist sometimes called "the younger", though it is now believed that this was an error and there is no Michael Psellos the elder
Mircea the Elder	c. 1355–1418	Voivode of Wallachia	Grandfather of	Mircea II of Wallachia	1428–1447	Voivode of Wallachia
Miro the Elder	died 896	Count of Conflent	Father of	Miró II of Cerdanya	878?–927	Count of Cerdanya and Count of Besalú
Nikephoros Bryennios the Elder	fl. 1071–1094/5?	Byzantine Greek general who attempted to overthrow the emperor	Father or grandfather of	Nikephoros Bryennios the Younger	1062–1137	Byzantine general, statesman and historian
Nikephoros Phokas the Elder	died 895/6 or c. 900	Byzantine general, grandfather of Byzantine emperor Nikephoros II Phokas
Olympiodorus the Elder	5th century	Byzantine philosopher		Olympiodorus the Younger	c. 495–570	Byzantine philosopher, astrologer and teacher
Paolo Caylina the Elder	c. 1425–after 1486	Italian painter	Uncle of	Paolo Caylina the Younger	c. 1485–c. 1545	Italian painter
Pepin of Landen	c. 580–640	Mayor of the palace of Austrasia		Pepin the Short	c. 714–768	King of the Franks
Pierfrancesco the Elder	1430–1476	Italian nobleman, banker, diplomat, and member of the Medici family	Grandfather of	Pierfrancesco the Younger	1487–1525	Italian banker
Pier Paolo Vergerio the Elder	1370–1444/1445	Italian humanist, statesman, pedagogist and canon lawyer		Pier Paolo Vergerio	c. 1498–1565	Italian papal nuncio, later Protestant reformer
Serapion the Elder / Yahya ibn Sarafyun	Second half of the 9th century	Syriac Christian physician	No relation to	Serapion the Younger	12th or 13th century	Author of a medicinal-botany book entitled The Book of Simple Medicaments
Simon de Montfort, 5th Earl of Leicester	c. 1175–1218	A French military leader in the Fourth Crusade and the Albigensian Crusade	Grandfather of	Simon de Montfort the Younger	1240–1271
Sten Sture the Elder	1440–1503	Regent of Sweden	Distant relative of	Sten Sture the Younger	1493–1520	Swedish nobleman, regent of Sweden
				Suitbert the Younger	fl. 7th century	Anglo-Saxon Christian saint and abbot; unrelated to Suitbert of Kaiserswerth, another 7th century Anglo-Saxon Christian saint
Sverker the Elder	c. 1100–1156	King of Sweden	Grandfather of	Sverker the Younger	before 1167–1210	King of Sweden
				Wilfrid II	died 745 or 746	Anglo-Saxon saint and bishop; no relation to Wilfrid (c. 633–709 or 710), also an Anglo-Saxon saint and bishop of York

Modern era

Ordered alphabetically by last name when possible, by first name when not.
The Elder	Lifespan	Notes	Relationship	The Younger	Lifespan	Notes
				Gyula Andrássy the Younger	1860–1929	Hungarian politician; son of Gyula Andrássy, Prime Minister of Hungary
				Tom Arnold / Thomas Arnold the Younger	1823–1900	English literary scholar, son of Thomas Arnold, headmaster of Rugby School
Augustus the Elder, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg	1568–1636	Also Lutheran Bishop of Ratzeburg and Prince of Lüneburg	Cousin of	Augustus II, Duke of Brunswick	1579–1666	Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg and Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Ayşe Sultan (daughter of Mustafa II)	1696–1752	Ottoman princess	Cousin of	Ayşe Sultan (daughter of Ahmed III)	1715–1775	Ottoman princess
Caspar Bartholin the Elder	1585–1629	Danish physician, scientist and theologian	Grandfather of	Caspar Bartholin the Younger	1655–1738	Danish anatomist
Álvaro de Bazán the Elder	1506–1558	Spanish admiral	Father of	Álvaro de Bazán, Marquis of Santa Cruz	1526–1588	Spanish admiral
Erik Benzelius the Elder	1632–1709	Swedish theologian and Archbishop of Uppsala	Father of	Erik Benzelius the Younger	1675–1743	Swedish priest, theologian, librarian, Bishop of Linköping and Archbishop of Uppsala
John Bettes the Elder	fl. c. 1531–1570	English painter	Father of	John Bettes the Younger	Died 1616	English portrait painter
George Bickham the Elder	1684–1758	English writing master and engraver	Father of	George Bickham the Younger	c. 1706–1771	English etcher and engraver, printseller and one of the first English caricaturists
				José Bonifácio the Younger	1827–1886	French-born Brazilian poet, teacher and senator, grandnephew of Brazilian statesman, naturalist, mineralist, professor and poet José Bonifácio de Andrada e Silva
Nicholas Bourbon (the elder)	1503–1550	French poet	Granduncle of	Nicholas Bourbon (the younger)	1574–1644	French poet
				John Bowdler the Younger	1783–1815	English essayist, poet and lawyer; son of John Bowdler, an English moral reformer and writer
Michael Boyle	c. 1580–1635	Bishop of Waterford and Lismore	Uncle of	Michael Boyle	c. 1609–1702	Church of Ireland bishop, Archbishop of Dublin, Archbishop of Armagh and Lord Chancellor of Ireland
Per Brahe the Elder	1520–1590	Swedish count, Governor of Stockholm Castle, Lord High Justiciar of Sweden and Governor of Norrland	Grandfather of	Per Brahe the Younger	1602–1680	Swedish soldier, Privy Councillor, Lord High Steward, Governor General of Finland and author
John Bramston the Elder	1577–1654	English judge and Chief Justice of the King's Bench	Father of	John Bramston the Younger	1611–1700	English lawyer and politician
John Brinsley the Elder	fl. 1581–1624	English schoolmaster known for his educational works	Father of	John Brinsley the Younger	1600–1665	English nonconforming clergyman and ejected minister
Jan Brueghel the Elder	1568–1625	Flemish painter and draughtsman	Father of	Jan Brueghel the Younger	1601–1678	Flemish Baroque painter
Pieter Bruegel the Elder	c. 1525 to 1530–1569	Dutch Flemish painter and printmaker	Father of	Pieter Brueghel the Younger	1564–1638	Flemish painter
				Michelangelo Buonarroti the Younger	1568–1646	Florentine poet, librettist and man of letters, grandnephew of Michelangelo
Edmund Calamy the Elder	1600–1666	English Presbyterian church leader and divine	Father of	Edmund Calamy the Younger	c. 1635–1685	English ejected minister
John Calcraft	1726–1772	English army agent and politician	Father of	John Calcraft the Younger	1765–1831	English landowner and Member of Parliament; bastard son of Calcraft the Elder.
				Luis de Carvajal the Younger	c. 1566–1596	Crypto-Jewish writer, nephew of Spanish conquistador Luis de Carvajal y de la Cueva
Paolo Caylina the Elder	c. 1425–after 1486	Italian painter	Uncle of	Paolo Caylina the Younger	c. 1485–c. 1545	Italian painter
John Cleveley the Elder	c. 1712–1777	English marine painter	Father of	John Cleveley the Younger	1747–1786	British marine painter
George Colman the Elder	1732–1794	English dramatist, essayist and theatre owner	Father of	George Colman the Younger	1762–1836	English dramatist and miscellaneous writer
William Corden the Elder	1795–1867	English portrait painter and miniaturist	Father of	William Corden the Younger	1819–1900	Portrait painter
Lorenzo Costa	1460–1535	Italian painter	Grandfather of	Lorenzo Costa the Younger	1537–1583	Italian painter
Lucas Cranach the Elder	c. 1472–1553	German painter and printmaker	Father of	Lucas Cranach the Younger	1515–1586	German painter and portraitist
George Cuitt the Elder	1743–1818	British painter	Father of	George Cuitt the Younger	1779–1854	British etcher and painter
George Dance the Elder	1695–1768	British architect	Father of	George Dance the Younger	1741–1825	English architect, surveyor and portraitist
Louis Ferdinand Elle the Elder	1612–1689	French portrait painter	Father of	Louis Ferdinand Elle the Younger	1648–1717	French portrait painter
Edward Ellice (merchant)	1783–1863	British merchant and politician	Father of	Edward Ellice (MP for St Andrews)	1810–1880	British politician
Axel von Fersen the Elder	1719–1794	Swedish statesman and soldier, Lord Marshal of the Riksdag of the Estates	Father of	Axel von Fersen the Younger	1755–1810	Swedish count, Marshal of the Realm of Sweden, General of Horse in the Royal Swedish Army, one of the Lords of the Realm, aide-de-camp to Rochambeau in the American Revolutionary War, diplomat and statesman
Frans Francken the Elder	1542–1616	Flemish painter	Father of	Frans Francken the Younger	1581–1642	Flemish painter
Marcus Gheeraerts the Elder	c. 1520–c. 1590	Flemish painter, draughtsman, print designer and etcher	Father of	Marcus Gheeraerts the Younger	c. 1561/62–1636	Flemish painter
William Goode, the elder	1762–1816	English evangelical Anglican clergyman, father of William Goode, English cleric, a leader of the evangelicals of the Church of England and Dean of Ripon
Charles Grignion the Elder	1721–1810	British engraver and draughtsman	Uncle of	Charles Grignion the Younger	1754–1804	British painter and engraver
George Gwilt	1746–1807	English architect	Father of	George Gwilt the younger	1775–1856	English architect and writer on architecture
Frans Hals	c. 1582–1666	Dutch painter	Father of	Frans Hals the Younger	1618–1669	Dutch painter
Henry IV, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg	1463–1514	Also Prince of Wolfenbüttel	Father of	Henry V, Duke of Brunswick-Lüneburg	1489–1568	Also Prince of Brunswick-Wolfenbüttel
Hans Holbein the Elder	c. 1460–1524	German painter	Father of	Hans Holbein the Younger	c. 1497–1543	German-Swiss painter and printmaker
William Holl the Elder	1771–1838	English engraver and political radical	Father of	William Holl the Younger	1807–1871	English engraver
				John Hotham, the younger	1610–1645	English Member of Parliament and Parliamentarian military commander during the First English Civil War; son of Sir John Hotham, 1st Baronet, English Member of Parliament and Governor of Hull
Gilbert Ironside the elder	1588–1671	English Anglican Bishop of Bristol	Father of	Gilbert Ironside the younger	1632–1701	English Anglican Bishop of Bristol and Bishop of Hereford and academic
				John the Younger / John, Hereditary Prince of Saxony	1498–1537
John the Elder / John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Haderslev	1545–1622		Uncle of	John the Younger / John II, Duke of Schleswig-Holstein-Sonderburg	1545–1622
Old Chief Joseph	c. 1785–1871	A Native American leader of the Wallowa Band of the Nez Perce	Father of	Chief Joseph	1840–1904	A leader of the Nez Perce Native American tribe
				John Leverett the Younger	1662–1724	Anglo-American lawyer, politician, educator and President of Harvard College; grandson of John Leverett, English colonial magistrate, merchant, soldier and governor of the Massachusetts Bay Colony
				Carl Linnaeus the Younger	1741–1783	Swedish naturalist; son of Carl Linnaeus, Swedish botanist, zoologist, taxonomist and physician
				Louis of Anhalt-Köthen (the Younger)	1607–1624	German prince, son of Louis I, Prince of Anhalt-Köthen
William Macready the Elder	1755–1829	Irish actor-manager, father of English actor William Macready (1793–1873)
Aldus Manutius	c. 1449/1452–1515	Italian printer and humanist	Grandfather of	Aldus Manutius the Younger	1547–1597	Italian printer and humanist
Károly Markó the Elder	1791–1860	Hungarian painter	Father of	Károly Markó the Younger	1822–1891	Hungarian-Italian painter
Johann Friedrich Meckel, the Elder	1724–1774	German anatomist	Grandfather of	Johann Friedrich Meckel	1781–1833	German anatomist
Matthäus Merian the Elder	1593–1650	Swiss engraver	Father of	Matthäus Merian the Younger	1621–1687	Swiss engraver and portrait painter
Helmuth von Moltke the Elder	1800–1891	Prussian field marshal	Uncle of	Helmuth von Moltke the Younger	1848–1916	German general and Chief of the Great German General Staff
Maria Pavlovna the Elder / Duchess Marie of Mecklenburg-Schwerin	1854–1920	Wife of Grand Duke Vladimir Alexandrovich of Russia		Grand Duchess Maria Pavlovna of Russia	1890–1958
Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia	1831–1891	Russian field marshal	Father of	Grand Duke Nicholas Nikolaevich of Russia	1856–1929	Russian general in World War I
Pierfrancesco the Elder	1430–1476	Italian nobleman, banker, diplomat, and member of the Medici family	Grandfather of	Pierfrancesco the Younger	1487–1525	Italian banker
William Pitt, 1st Earl of Chatham	1708–1778	Prime Minister of Great Britain	Father of	William Pitt the Younger	1759–1806	Youngest and last prime minister of Great Britain and first prime minister of the United Kingdom
Giulio Quaglio the Elder	1610–1658 or later	Italian painter	Father of	Giulio Quaglio the Younger	1668–1751	Italian Baroque painter
Artus Quellinus the Elder	1609–1668	Flemish sculptor	Cousin of	Artus Quellinus II	1625–1700	Flemish sculptor
Erasmus Quellinus the Elder	1584–1640	Flemish sculptor	Father of	Erasmus Quellinus the Younger	1607–1678	Flemish painter
Murat Reis the Elder	c. 1534–1609	Ottoman privateer and admiral		Jan Janszoon, commonly known as Murat Reis the Younger	c. 1570–c. 1641	Dutch pirate and convert to Islam after being captured by Moors, first president and commander of the Republic of Salé city state
John Rennie the Elder	1761–1821	Scottish civil engineer	Father of	John Rennie the Younger	1794–1874	English engineer
Olaus Rudbeck	1630–1702	Swedish scientist, writer and professor of medicine	Father of	Olof Rudbeck the Younger	1660–1740	Swedish explorer, scientist, botanist and ornithologist
Antonio da Sangallo the Elder	c. 1453–1534	Italian architect	Uncle of	Antonio da Sangallo the Younger	1484–1546	Italian architect
Martin Schalling the Elder	died 1552	Protestant theologian and reformer	Father of	Martin Schalling the Younger	1532–1608	Protestant theologian, reformer and hymnwriter
				George Murray Smith the Younger	1859–1919	Chairman of the Midland Railway; son of the publisher George Smith
Johann Strauss I	1804–1849	Austrian composer	Father of	Johann Strauss II	1825–1899	Austrian composer of light music, particularly waltzes
Edward Strong the Elder	1652–1724	British sculptor	Father of	Edward Strong the Younger	1676–1741	British sculptor
Sten Sture the Elder	1440–1503	Regent of Sweden	Distant relative of	Sten Sture the Younger	1493–1520	Swedish nobleman, regent of Sweden
David Teniers the Elder	1582–1649	Flemish painter	Father of	David Teniers the Younger	1610–1690	Flemish painter, printmaker, draughtsman, copyist and art curator
William Theed the elder	1764–1817	English sculptor and painter	Father of	William Theed	1804–1891	British sculptor
John Tradescant the Elder	c. 1570s–1638	English naturalist, gardener, collector and traveler	Father of	John Tradescant the Younger	1608–1662	English botanist and gardener
Ulrika Eleonora of Denmark	1656–1693	Queen of Sweden	Mother of	Ulrika Eleonora of Sweden	1688–1741	Queen of Sweden
Henry Vane the Elder	1589–1655	English politician, Secretary of State	Father of	Henry Vane the Younger	1613–1662	English politician and colonial governor
Willem van de Velde the Elder	1610/11–1693	Dutch seascape painter	Father of	Willem van de Velde the Younger	1633–1707	Dutch marine painter
Pieter Verbrugghen I	1615–1686	Flemish sculptor	Father of	Pieter Verbrugghen the Younger	1648–after 1691	Flemish sculptor, draughtsman, etcher and stone merchant
Pier Paolo Vergerio the Elder	1370–1444/5	Italian humanist, statesman, pedagogist and canon lawyer		Pier Paolo Vergerio	c. 1498–1565	Italian papal nuncio and later Protestant reformer
Thomas Warton the elder	c. 1688–1745	English clergyman, schoolmaster and second professor of poetry at Oxford	Father of	Thomas Warton	1728–1790	English literary historian, critic and poet
John Winthrop	1587/88–1649	English Puritan lawyer and one of the leading figures in founding the Massachusetts Bay Colony	Father of	John Winthrop the Younger	1606–1676	An early governor of the Connecticut Colony
				William the Younger, Duke of Brunswick	1535–1592	Also co-ruler of the Principality of Lüneburg
John Wood, the Elder	1704–1754	English architect	Father of	John Wood, the Younger	1728–1782	English architect
				Christopher Wren the Younger	1675–1747	English Member of Parliament; son of the architect Christopher Wren
				Thomas Wyatt the Younger	1521–1554	English politician and leader of Wyatt's rebellion; son of the English poet Thomas Wyatt
Paolo Zacchia the Elder	1490–1561	Italian painter, father of Lorenzo di Ferro Zacchia

Religious and mythical figures


The Elder	Notes	Relationship	The Younger	Notes
Alma the Elder	Prophet in the Book of Mormon	Father of	Alma the Younger	Prophet in the Book of Mormon
Bors the Elder	King of Gaunnes in Arthurian legend	Father of	Bors the Younger	One of King Arthur's Knights of the Round Table
Horus the Elder	Ancient Egyptian god		Horus the Younger	Ancient Egyptian god
James the Great	One of Jesus' Twelve Apostles	Fellow Apostles	James, son of Alphaeus	One of Jesus' Twelve Apostles, generally identified with James the Less
			James the Less	Identified by some as James, son of Alphaeus, by others as James, brother of Jesus

Fictional characters


The Elder	Notes	Relationship	The Younger	Notes
			David Copperfield	Son of David Copperfield Sr. in the Charles Dickens novel whose full title is The Personal History Experience and Observation of David Copperfield the Younger of Blunderstone Rookery which he never meant to be published on any account
Aegon II "the Elder"	King of Westeros	Uncle of	Aegon III "the younger"	King of Westeros, son of Queen Rhaenyra Targaryen (half-sister of King Aegon II)