List of Shang dynasty states

The list of states refers to the various vassal tribes and city states during the Shang dynasty in ancient China. Today, scholars' understanding of these states (Chinese:"方") primarily comes from oracle bone inscriptions unearthed from the late Shang dynasty Yinxu. In these inscriptions, these tribal states are often referred to as name + "方".[1] In modern style Chinese the term can be duplicated to Fangguo (Traditional Chinese: 方國).

The Latin names of Fangs are pronounced according to the Pinyin system established by the People's Republic of China in 1958, which is completely different from its ancient pronunciation.

List of Fangs

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Name of Fang Period of existence Rough geographical location Relations with the Shang dynasty
Shang (商方) Xia dynasty, Shang dynasty Yinxu (「大邑商」"Da Yi Shang", "Shang, the Great City") (Present Anyang, Henan Province)
Zi (子方) Xia dynasty, Shang dynasty Near the Yin (Present Shangqiu, Henan Province) swing
Tu (土方) Early to middle Shang dynasty, conquered by Wu Ding Northwest of Yin, east of Hong Fang (Present Fen River Basin, Shanxi Province) enemy
Hong (𢀛方) Shang dynasty, to period of Zu Geng Northwest of Yin, West of Tu Fang (Present North of Shaanxi Province, Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Gui (鬼方) Shang dynasty Northwest of Yin (Present central Shanxi Province and northern Shaanxi province, Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) ally
Qiang (羌方) Shang dynasty Northwest of Yin (Present Shaanxi Province、the area around Gansu Province, Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Northern Qiang (北羌) Shang dynasty Northwest of Yin, north of Qiang Fang swing
Ren (人方) Shang dynasty Southeast of Yin, The coast of the Donghai (Present the basin of the Huai River and the coast of the Yellow Sea at the Shandong Peninsula, northern Anhui and southern Shandong)) swing
Zhou1 (周方) Middle to late Shang dynasty, overthrew King Zhou of Shang and established the Zhou dynasty. West of Yin (Present Qishan County, Baoji, Shaanxi Province) swing
Dapeng (大彭) Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Tongshan, Xuzhou, Jiangsu) swing
Tang (唐方) Shang dynasty Northwest of Yin
Jing (井方) Shang dynasty Northwest of Yin (Present Shanxi Province Yuncheng City Hejin City to the west, Shaanxi Province Baoji City Qishan County to the south) ally
Lin (林方) Shang dynasty East of Yin, south of Huai river swing
Xing (興方) Shang dynasty Unknown swing
Ma (馬方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Shanxi Province Lüliang City Shilou County) enemy
Shi (豕方) Shang dynasty
Wei (危方) Shang dynasty swing
Yu (盂方)1 Shang dynasty East of Yin
East Yu (東盂方) Shang dynasty swing
West Yu (西盂方) Shang dynasty swing
Zhi (沚方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Pang (旁方) Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Shandong Province Qufu City) swing
Ge (戈方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present South of Shanxi Province) ally
Mu (木方) Shang dynasty
Ba (巴方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) enemy
Geng (亙方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Long (龍方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Ji (基方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Shanxi Province Linfen City Puxian) enemy
Jian (湔方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) enemy
Ya (亞方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Jiyuan, Henan Province) ally
Ji (祭方) Shang dynasty West of Yin, between Shang and Zhou swing
Shi (示方) Shang dynasty
Mao (髳方) Shang dynasty enemy
Zhao (召方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Yin (印方) Shang dynasty
Hu (虎方) Shang dynasty ally
Wei (微方) Shang dynasty
Xi (息方) Shang dynasty South of Yin (Henan Province, Xinyang city, Luoshan County) ally
Mie (眣方) Shang dynasty
Zhi (止方) Shang dynasty
Yin (尹方) Shang dynasty
Bu (步方) Shang dynasty
Gui (歸方) Shang dynasty South of Yin (Present Zigui, Yichang, Hubei) enemy
Zeng (曾方) Shang dynasty
Zhu (祝方) Shang dynasty
Nong (弄方) Shang dynasty
Chui (吹方) Shang dynasty
Che (屮方) (艸方?) Shang dynasty
(月丮 方) Shang dynasty
10px Shang dynasty West of Yin, Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau enemy
  Shang dynasty ally
You (㠱方) Shang dynasty North of Yin (Present Northeastern of Hebei, Beijing to West of Liaoning) ally
  Shang dynasty
  Shang dynasty
  Shang dynasty
  Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
  Shang dynasty
Xiawei (下危) Shang dynasty North of Yin enemy
Gu (雇) Shang dynasty South of Yin (Present Southwest of Yuanyang County, Northwest of Yuanwu Town, Henan Province) ally
Bao (暴) Shang dynasty South of Yin (Present Yuanyang County, Henan Province) ally
Lu (盧) Shang dynasty South of Yin (Present Zhushan County, Hubei and Ankang City, Shaanxi Province)
Que (雀方) Shang dynasty South of Yin (Present region of Poyang Lake, Jiangxi) ally
Shi (矢方) Shang dynasty Unknown enemy
Dian (奠) Shang dynasty Unknown ally
Shu (黍) Shang dynasty Unknown ally
Zhu (竹) Shang dynasty North of Yin (Centered around Lulong County in Qinhuangdao City, Hebei Province, this area encompasses the northeastern part of Hebei, the western part of Liaoning Province, and the southeastern corner of the Inner Mongolia) ally
You (攸) Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present southern part of Yongcheng City, Henan Province and the northwestern part of Suzhou City in Anhui Province.

)

ally
Yuan (元) Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Yongcheng City, Henan Province) ally
Ji (及) Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Yongcheng City, Henan Province) ally
Shen () Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Cao County, Heze City, Shandong Province)
Gao (告) Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Chengwu County, Heze City, Shandong Province) ally
Dun () Shang dynasty East of Yin ally
Tui () Shang dynasty East of Yin enemy
Chou () Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Qingzhou, Weifang, Shandong) ally
Ji () Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Shouguang, Weifang, Shandong)
Xue () Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Tengzhou, Shandong)
Er () Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Tengzhou, Shandong) swing
Feng ()1 Shang dynasty East of Yin swing
Pang () Shang dynasty East of Yin ally
Bogu (薄姑) Shang dynasty East of Yin ally
Yufang (鬱方) Shang dynasty Unknown ally
Xuan (宣方) Shang dynasty Unknown ally
Xiu 羞方 Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Qi (杞方) Shang dynasty East of Yin (Present Qi County, Kaifeng, Henan Province) ally
Song (宋方) Shang dynasty North of Yin (Present Zhao County, Shijiazhuang, Hebei province) ally
Bei (貝方) Shang dynasty South of Yin
Cang (倉方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Shangzhou District, Shangluo, Shaanxi Province) ally
Quan (犬方) Shang dynasty West of Yin swing
Yang (昜方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Hongdong, Linfen, Shanxi Province)
Fou (缶方) Shang dynasty West of Yin
Peng (彭方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Dan (丹方) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Qinyang, Jiaozuo, Henan Province) ally
Qu (去) Shang dynasty West of Yin ally
Shangsi (上絲) Shang dynasty West of Yin ally
Shang dynasty West of Yin
He (禾) Shang dynasty West of Yin
Shang dynasty West of Yin
Shang dynasty West of Yin
Shang dynasty West of Yin
Guang (光) Shang dynasty West of Yin ally
Shang dynasty West of Yin
Ke (可) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Xiuwu County, Jiaozuo, Henan Province) ally
Shang dynasty West of Yin
Shang dynasty West of Yin
Er (耳) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Lü (呂) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Shanxi-Shaanxi Plateau) swing
Shang dynasty West of Yin
Bing () Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Lingshi, Jinzhong, Shanxi Province)
Xian () Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Fushan, Linfen, Shanxi Province)
Shang dynasty West of Yin
Feng 2 Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present West of Feng river, Shaanxi Province) ally
Hao () Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present East of Feng river, Shaanxi Province) swing
Na Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Xinzheng, Zhengzhou, Henan Province)
Yu (盂方)2 Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Northwest of Qinyang, Jiaozuo, Henan Province)
Lu (鹿) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Song County, Luoyang, Henan Province) swing
Qi () Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Licheng, Changzhi, Shanxi Province) swing
Chong (崇國) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Xi'an, Shaanxi Province) swing
Mixu (密須) Shang dynasty West of Yin (Present Lingtai, Pingliang, Gansu province) swing
Jian (戔) Shang dynasty Unknown ally

See also

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References

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  1. ^ D. Howard Smith (1961). "Chinese Religion in the Shang Dynasty". Numen. 8: 142–150. doi:10.1163/156852761X00090.