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Lola ya Bonobo

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Lola ya Bonobo is the world's only sanctuary for orphaned bonobos.[1] Originally founded by Claudine André in 1994, since 2002 the sanctuary has been located just south of the suburb of Kimwenza at the Petites Chutes de la Lukaya, Kinshasa, in the Democratic Republic of the Congo.

A new orphan called Lomela at Lola ya Bonobo is comforted by another bonobo

Lola ya Bonobo means 'heaven for bonobos' in Lingala, a primary language of Democratic Republic of the Congo. Lola ya Bonobo is home to about 60 bonobos who live in 30 hectares of primary forest.

Lola ya Bonobo is a member of the Pan African Sanctuary Alliance.

Typically, bonobos arrive as young infants. The bushmeat trade in the Congo area sees hundreds of endangered bonobos killed each year for meat. The infants are sold as pets. When confiscated by government authorities, these young bonobos are taken to Lola ya Bonobo. They start a new life at the sanctuary with close care from a substitute human mother in quarantine. After being medically cleared and ready, they are integrated into a peer group ( in the nursery). Once they have matured sufficiently, they leave the care of substitute human mothers,[2] and are integrated into one of the large, mixed-age social groups. These social groups are divided among several enclosures which allow them to receive care and nourishment from the team at the sanctuary, while allowing them to explore the forest and bond with each other.

Although the bonobos are captive, they live in an environment similar to the wild. They can forage among dozens of edible plants and fruiting trees, compete for mating opportunities, and learn to avoid dangers such as stepping on venomous snakes just as they would in the wild. As a result, the bonobos at the Lola ya Bonobo sanctuary, living in their forested microcosm, show all the naturally occurring behaviors observed in wild bonobos (in fact, they display some behaviors such as tool use that have not been observed in the wild).

The sanctuary plays a key role in the protection of wild bonobos because it makes possible the enforcement of domestic and international conservation laws aimed at preventing the trade in live bonobos. The sanctuary also acts as a mouthpiece for conservation efforts in DRC by educating thousands of Congolese visitors each year about the value of Congo's natural history, in particular the bonobo – their unique Congolese inheritance.[3]

Ekolo ya Bonobo

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Ekolo ya Bonobo Community Reserve, which means “land of the bonobos” in Lingala, is a 117,000 acre provincial-level Protected Area in Equateur Province, 666 km from Kinshasa.[4]

Ekolo ya Bonobo is a seasonally flooded swamp forest containing peatland and is partly contained within the Cuvette Central which is valued for carbon sequestration as well as biodiversity. It is the only protected area that is co-managed by a DRC-based nonprofit, Les Amis Des Bonobos du Congo, in partnership with local communities; Ilonga Poo, Baenga, and Lisafa.[5]

Orphaned bonobos who have been rehabilitated at Lola ya Bonobo sanctuary are rewilded back to their natural habitat, along with their offspring.[6]

At Ekolo, which is in Congo rainforest, bonobos are able to run free and forage as well as live together in their chosen social groups. Because Illegal wildlife trafficking and bushmeat trade continue to run rampant in Congo,[7] forest- guards patrol the reserve daily for the safety of the bonobos and protection of the reserve.

Friends of Bonobos of Congo has completed two bonobo rewildings so far. The first took place in 2008 when 11 rehabilitated bonobos were released to Ekolo ya Bonobo, along with their offspring. The second rewilding was completed  in 2022 when 14 bonobos were released to the reserve.[8] Before being rewilded, bonobos are quarantined to prevent introduction of illness to wild populations, and provided ample time to acclimate to the freedom of the rainforest.

Including babies born to the rewilded population, about 30 known bonobos were living in Ekolo in 2023.

In June 2023, Ekolo ya Bonobo experienced a wave of unrest[9] during which some members of a local community group that had been a partner on the project murdered 4 bonobos and set fire to installations belonging to the Friends of Bonobos of Congo conservation organization in the area around Basankusu.[10]

Education programs

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Friends of Bonobos of the Congo run programs for Congolese adults and children to visit the sanctuary and learn more about Congolese biodiversity, bonobos, threats to conservation, and hown to prevent bonobo extinction.[11] A third-party study found improvement in children's attitudes toward bonobos and wildlife conservation after the launch of this initiative.[12] Friends of Bonobos of the Congo also has education programs that target provinces where bushmeat trade is rampant.[13] As a result of these awareness programs, educated Congolese will often alert the staff when bonobos are captured and held locally in cages or are being sold in markets.

Visitor program

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Lola ya Bonobo offers sanctuary tours and overnight stays in eco-lodges.[14][15]

Research conducted

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  1. Potential zoonotic pathogens hosted by endangered bonobos[16]
  2. Avoidance of Contaminated Food Correlates With Low Protozoan Infection in Bonobos[17]
  3. The Conservation Value of Lola ya Bonobo Sanctuary[18]
  4. EAZA Best Practice Guidelines - Bonobo (Pan paniscus)
  5. Implicit Measures Help Demonstrate the Value of Conservation Education in the Democratic Republic of the Congo[19]
  6. The Effects of War on Bonobos and Other Nonhuman Primates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo[20]
  7. Multi-Modal Use of a Socially Directed Call in Bonobos[21]
  8. Bonobos Share with Strangers[22]
  9. Bonobo population dynamics: Past patterns and future predictions for the Lola ya Bonobo population using demographic modelling[23]
  10. Bonobos at the "Lola Ya Bonobo" Sanctuary in the Democratic Republic of the Congo[24]
  11. An Innovative Model for Detecting Interspecies Disease Transmission and Novel Pathogen Detection at Lola Ya Bonobo Sanctuary, Democratic Republic of Congo[25]
  12. Bonobos Share With Strangers Before Acquaintances[26]
  13. Flexible signalling strategies by victims mediate post-conflict interactions in bonobos[27]
  14. Assessing conservation attitudes and behaviors of Congolese children neighboring the world's first bonobo (Pan paniscus) release site[28]
  15. Bonobos Exhibit Delayed Development of Social Behavior and Cognition Relative to Chimpanzees[29]
  16. Psychological health of orphan bonobos and chimpanzees in African sanctuaries[30]
  17. Bonobos respond prosocially toward members of other groups[31]
  18. Social games between bonobos and humans: Evidence for shared intentionality?[32]
  19. On the Diversity of Malaria Parasites in African Apes and the Origin of Plasmodium falciparum from Bonobos.[33]
  20. Bonobos have a more human-like second-to-fourth finger length ratio (2D:4D) than chimpanzees: a hypothesized indication of lower prenatal androgens[34]
  21. Tolerance allows bonobos to outperform chimpanzees in a cooperative task[35]

Films

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  1. Bonobos: Back to the wild[36]
  2. The story of Lola ya Bonobo[37]
  3. Things You Probably Didn't Know About Cute Bonobos[38]
  4. Sex and Fruit: The Sweet Life of Bonobos[39]
  5. Lola Ya Bonobo - Le paradis des bonobos[40]
  6. Save the bonobos![41]
  7. The Mamas of Lola ya Bonobo[42]
  8. The world's first bonobo release![43]
  9. Bonobos[44]
  10. En RDC, cette réserve est un sanctuaire pour les bonobos[45]
  11. CUTE! Ticklish Bonobo Can't Stop Laughing[46]

Friends of Bonobos

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Friends of Bonobos is a US 501(c)(3) charity that supports Lola ya Bonobo sanctuary and all the activities of its parent organization, Amis des Bonobos du Congo. It was founded by Claudine André and Dominique Morel. Friends of Bonobos also raises awareness for bonobos globally. You can find them at www.bonobos.org. Friends of Bonobos is located in Durham, NC.

Notes

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  1. ^ "Sanctuary. A love story" (PDF). Educator. Environmental Education and Training Newsletter (2). United Nations Environment Programme. 2007. Retrieved 2008-08-14.
  2. ^ Litchfield, Carla (2013-10-15). "For primates, having a mother helps them learn social skills". The Conversation. Retrieved 2024-01-18.
  3. ^ André, Claudine; Thompson, Jo (2008). "The Conservation Value of Lola ya Bonobo Sanctuary". In Furuichi, Takeshi (ed.). The bonobos behavior, ecology, and conservation. New York: Springer. pp. 303–322. ISBN 978-0-387-74787-3.
  4. ^ "Ekolo ya Bonobo Rainforest Release Site | Friends of Bonobos". Bonobos. Retrieved 6 June 2024.
  5. ^ "Ekolo ya Bonobo". Protected Planet. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  6. ^ "Inside an ambitious project to rewild trafficked bonobos in the Congo Basin". Mongabay Environmental News. 2019-06-11. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  7. ^ Nations, United. "The Illegal Commercial Bushmeat Trade in Central and West Africa". United Nations. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  8. ^ "Bonobos torn from the wild make their return, with a helping hand". Mongabay Environmental News. 2022-04-07. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  9. ^ "RDC: Au moins un bonobo tué à Basankusu après un conflit entre les communautés et ONG Ekolo Ya Bonobo". desknature.com (in French). 2023-06-19. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  10. ^ "Equateur : des populations locales manifestent contre une organisation de conservation des Bonobos à Basankusu". Radio Okapi (in French). 2023-06-18. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  11. ^ Johnson, Sophie (2023-06-08). "Saving our closest relatives: An Interview with the world's only Bonobo Sanctuary". Conservation Mag. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  12. ^ Bowie, Aleah; Krupenye, Christopher; Mbonzo, Pierrot; Minesi, Fanny; Hare, Brian (2020). "Implicit Measures Help Demonstrate the Value of Conservation Education in the Democratic Republic of the Congo". Frontiers in Psychology. 11: 386. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00386. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC 7083138. PMID 32231617.
  13. ^ "Conservation lessons from the bonobos". Mongabay Environmental News. 2017-05-01. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  14. ^ "Plan a Day Trip or Overnight Stay". Bonobos. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  15. ^ polly (2023-03-01). "Visiting Lola Ya Bonobo Sanctuary In Dr Congo". Congo Safaris Tours. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  16. ^ Medkour, Hacène; Castaneda, Sergei; Amona, Inestin; Fenollar, Florence; André, Claudine; Belais, Raphaël; Mungongo, Paulin; Muyembé-Tamfum, Jean-Jacques; Levasseur, Anthony; Raoult, Didier; Davoust, Bernard; Mediannikov, Oleg (2021-03-18). "Potential zoonotic pathogens hosted by endangered bonobos". Scientific Reports. 11 (1): 6331. Bibcode:2021NatSR..11.6331M. doi:10.1038/s41598-021-85849-4. ISSN 2045-2322. PMC 7973442. PMID 33737691.
  17. ^ Sarabian, Cécile; Belais, Raphaël; MacIntosh, Andrew J. J. (2021). "Avoidance of Contaminated Food Correlates With Low Protozoan Infection in Bonobos". Frontiers in Ecology and Evolution. 9. doi:10.3389/fevo.2021.651159. ISSN 2296-701X.
  18. ^ André, Claudine; Kamate, Crispin; Mbonzo, Pierrot; Morel, Dominique; Hare, Brian (2008). "The Conservation Value of Lola ya Bonobo Sanctuary". In Furuichi, Takeshi; Thompson, Jo (eds.). The Bonobos. Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects. New York, NY: Springer New York. pp. 303–322. doi:10.1007/978-0-387-74787-3_16. ISBN 978-0-387-74785-9.
  19. ^ Bowie, Aleah; Krupenye, Christopher; Mbonzo, Pierrot; Minesi, Fanny; Hare, Brian (2020). "Implicit Measures Help Demonstrate the Value of Conservation Education in the Democratic Republic of the Congo". Frontiers in Psychology. 11: 386. doi:10.3389/fpsyg.2020.00386. ISSN 1664-1078. PMC 7083138. PMID 32231617.
  20. ^ Waller, Michel T.; White, Frances J. (2016), Waller, Michel T. (ed.), "The Effects of War on Bonobos and Other Nonhuman Primates in the Democratic Republic of the Congo", Ethnoprimatology: Primate Conservation in the 21st Century, Developments in Primatology: Progress and Prospects, Cham: Springer International Publishing, pp. 179–192, doi:10.1007/978-3-319-30469-4_10, ISBN 978-3-319-30469-4, retrieved 2024-01-26
  21. ^ Genty, Emilie; Clay, Zanna; Hobaiter, Catherine; Zuberbühler, Klaus (2014-01-15). "Multi-Modal Use of a Socially Directed Call in Bonobos". PLOS ONE. 9 (1): e84738. Bibcode:2014PLoSO...984738G. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0084738. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3893130. PMID 24454745.
  22. ^ Tan, Jingzhi; Hare, Brian (2013-01-02). "Bonobos Share with Strangers". PLOS ONE. 8 (1): e51922. Bibcode:2013PLoSO...851922T. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0051922. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3534679. PMID 23300956.
  23. ^ "Scholars@Duke publication: Bonobo population dynamics: Past patterns and future predictions for the Lola ya Bonobo population using demographic modelling". scholars.duke.edu. Retrieved 2024-01-26.
  24. ^ Hirata, Satoshi; Tashiro, Yasuko (June 2007). "Bonobos at the "Lola Ya Bonobo" Sanctuary in the Democratic Republic of the Congo". Pan Africa News. 14: 6–8. doi:10.5134/143474. hdl:2433/143474.
  25. ^ "An Innovative Model for Detecting Interspecies Disease Transmission and Novel Pathogen Detection at Lola Ya Bonobo Sanctuary, Democratic Republic of Congo". globalhealth.duke.edu. 2014-02-05. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  26. ^ "Bonobos Share With Strangers Before Acquaintances". today.duke.edu. 2013-01-02. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  27. ^ Heesen, Raphaela; Austry, Diane A.; Upton, Zoe; Clay, Zanna (2022-09-26). "Flexible signalling strategies by victims mediate post-conflict interactions in bonobos". Philosophical Transactions of the Royal Society B: Biological Sciences. 377 (1860). doi:10.1098/rstb.2021.0310. ISSN 0962-8436. PMC 9358318. PMID 35934966.
  28. ^ Bowie, Aleah; Walker, Kara; Bunnell, Gabrielle; Morel, Dominique; Minesi, Fanny; Belais, Raphael; Hare, Brian (2021-01-01). "Assessing conservation attitudes and behaviors of Congolese children neighboring the world's first bonobo (Pan paniscus) release site". American Journal of Primatology. 83 (1): e23217. doi:10.1002/AJP.23217. ISSN 0275-2565. PMID 33226162. S2CID 227134826.
  29. ^ Wobber, Victoria; Wrangham, Richard; Hare, Brian (2010-02-09). "Bonobos exhibit delayed development of social behavior and cognition relative to chimpanzees". Current Biology. 20 (3): 226–230. Bibcode:2010CBio...20..226W. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2009.11.070. ISSN 1879-0445. PMID 20116251.
  30. ^ Wobber, Victoria; Hare, Brian (2011). "Psychological health of orphan bonobos and chimpanzees in African sanctuaries". PLOS ONE. 6 (6): e17147. Bibcode:2011PLoSO...617147W. doi:10.1371/journal.pone.0017147. ISSN 1932-6203. PMC 3110182. PMID 21666743.
  31. ^ Krupenye, Christopher; Hare, Brian (2018-01-22). "Bonobos Prefer Individuals that Hinder Others over Those that Help". Current Biology. 28 (2): 280–286.e5. Bibcode:2018CBio...28E.280K. doi:10.1016/j.cub.2017.11.061. hdl:10023/16776. ISSN 0960-9822. PMID 29307556.
  32. ^ Pika, Simone; Zuberbühler, Klaus (March 2008). "Social games between bonobos and humans: evidence for shared intentionality?". American Journal of Primatology. 70 (3): 207–210. doi:10.1002/ajp.20469. ISSN 0275-2565. PMID 17894382.
  33. ^ Krief, Sabrina; Escalante, Ananias A.; Pacheco, M. Andreina; Mugisha, Lawrence; André, Claudine; Halbwax, Michel; Fischer, Anne; Krief, Jean-Michel; Kasenene, John M.; Crandfield, Mike; Cornejo, Omar E.; Chavatte, Jean-Marc; Lin, Clara; Letourneur, Franck; Grüner, Anne Charlotte (2010-02-12). "On the Diversity of Malaria Parasites in African Apes and the Origin of Plasmodium falciparum from Bonobos". PLOS Pathogens. 6 (2): e1000765. doi:10.1371/journal.ppat.1000765. ISSN 1553-7374. PMC 2820532. PMID 20169187.
  34. ^ McIntyre, Matthew H.; Herrmann, Esther; Wobber, Victoria; Halbwax, Michel; Mohamba, Crispin; de Sousa, Nick; Atencia, Rebeca; Cox, Debby; Hare, Brian (2009-04-01). "Bonobos have a more human-like second-to-fourth finger length ratio (2D:4D) than chimpanzees: a hypothesized indication of lower prenatal androgens". Journal of Human Evolution. 56 (4): 361–365. doi:10.1016/j.jhevol.2008.12.004. ISSN 0047-2484. PMID 19285708.
  35. ^ Nolte, Suska; Sterck, Elisabeth H. M.; van Leeuwen, Edwin J. C. (January 2023). "Does tolerance allow bonobos to outperform chimpanzees on a cooperative task? A conceptual replication of Hare et al., 2007". Royal Society Open Science. 10 (1): 220194. Bibcode:2023RSOS...1020194N. doi:10.1098/rsos.220194. ISSN 2054-5703. PMC 9810421. PMID 36686553.
  36. ^ Tixier, Alain (2015-07-24), Bonobos (Documentary, Drama, Family), Rebecca Hall, Luke Evans, Claudine André, MC4 Productions, SND Films, TPS Star, retrieved 2024-01-24
  37. ^ "The story of Lola ya Bonobo". Boden Films. Retrieved 2024-01-24.
  38. ^ Things You Probably Didn't Know About Cute Bonobos, National Geographic, 16 June 2014, retrieved 2024-01-24
  39. ^ Sex and Fruit: The Sweet Life of Bonobos, Nat Geo Live, 4 May 2015, retrieved 2024-01-24
  40. ^ Lola Ya Bonobo - Le paradis des bonobos, 28 January 2014, retrieved 2024-01-24
  41. ^ Save the bonobos!, 7 September 2009, retrieved 2024-01-24
  42. ^ The Mamas of Lola ya Bonobo, 27 October 2009, retrieved 2024-01-24
  43. ^ The world's first bonobo release!, 23 December 2009, retrieved 2024-01-24
  44. ^ Bonobos - Science Nation, 7 March 2011, retrieved 2024-01-24
  45. ^ En RDC, cette réserve est un sanctuaire pour les bonobos, 27 November 2018, retrieved 2024-01-24
  46. ^ Cute! Ticklish Bonobo Can't Stop Laughing, Earth Unplugged, 7 October 2018, retrieved 2024-01-24

References

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  • Andre, C., Kamate, C., Mbonzo, P., Morel, D., Hare, B. 2008. The conservation value of Lola ya Bonobo Sanctuary.
  • Takesi, I., Thompson, J. (Eds) Bonobos Revisited: ecology, behavior, genetics, and conservation. Springer, New York.
  • Woods, Vanessa. Bonobo Handshake: A Memoir of Love and Adventure in the Congo. Gotham, 2010.
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04°29′13″S 15°16′05″E / 4.48694°S 15.26806°E / -4.48694; 15.26806 (Lola ya bonobo)

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