Loparite-(Ce) is a granular, brittle oxide mineral of the perovskite class. It is black to dark grey and may appear grey to white in reflected light on polished thin section with reddish brown internal reflections.[5] It has the chemical formula of (Ce,Na,Ca)(Ti,Nb)O3.[4] Nioboloparite is a variation of loparite-(Ce) containing niobium.[6]
| Loparite-(Ce) | |
|---|---|
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| General | |
| Category | Oxide minerals |
| Formula (repeating unit) | (Ce,Na,Ca)(Ti,Nb)O3 |
| IMA symbol | Lop-Ce[1] |
| Strunz classification | 4.CC.35 |
| Crystal system | Loparit-(Ce)-Q: tetragonal[2] Loparit-(Ce)-O: orthorhombisch[2] Loparit-(Ce)-C: cubic[3] |
| Identification | |
| Color | Black to grey-brown in thin section |
| Crystal habit | Cubic and octahedral crystals and massive |
| Twinning | Penetration twins common on [111] |
| Cleavage | [100] Imperfect |
| Fracture | Uneven |
| Tenacity | Brittle |
| Mohs scale hardness | 5.5–6.0 |
| Luster | Metallic to sub-metallic |
| Streak | Reddish brown |
| Diaphaneity | opaque, transparent in thin fragments |
| Specific gravity | 4.60–4.89 |
| Optical properties | Isotropic, anomalously anisotropic |
| Refractive index | n = 2.26–2.38 |
| References | [4] |
Loparite occurs as a primary phase in nepheline syenite intrusions and pegmatites. It is also found replacing perovskite in carbonatites.[4]
Loparite was first described for an occurrence in the Khibiny and Lovozero massifs, Kola peninsula in northern Russia.
- Crystal structures of loparite
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Etymology
editThe term originates from the word Lopar, the (former) Russian name for the Sami indigenous inhabitants of the Kola peninsula, and the cerium content.[4][5][6]
References
edit- ^ Warr, L.N. (2021). "IMA–CNMNC approved mineral symbols". Mineralogical Magazine. 85 (3): 291–320. Bibcode:2021MinM...85..291W. doi:10.1180/mgm.2021.43. S2CID 235729616.
- ^ a b Mitchell R H, Burns P C, Chakhmouradian A R (2000) The crystal structures of loparite-(Ce), The Canadian Mineralogist 38, 145-152.
- ^ Zubkova, N. V., Arakcheeva, A. V., Pushcharovskii, D. Y., Semenov, E. I., & Atencio, D. (2000). Crystal structure of loparite. Crystallography Reports, 45(2), 210-214.
- ^ a b c d "Loparite-(Ce)" (PDF). Mineral Handbook. Mineral Data Publishing. 2005. Retrieved 2008-07-19.
- ^ a b Loparite-(Ce) on Webmineral
- ^ a b Loparite-(Ce) on Mindat.org
External links
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