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Lucas Papademos

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Lucas Demetrios Papademos (Greek: Λουκάς Παπαδήμος; born 11 October 1947) is a Greek economist and academic who served as 12th Prime Minister of Greece from November 2011 to May 2012, leading a national unity government in the wake of the Greek debt crisis. A technocrat,[1] he previously served as Vice-President of the European Central Bank from 2002 to 2010 and Governor of the Bank of Greece from 1994 to 2002.

Lucas Papademos
Λουκάς Παπαδήμος
Papademos in 2012
Prime Minister of Greece
In office
11 November 2011 – 16 May 2012
PresidentKarolos Papoulias
DeputyTheodoros Pangalos
Evangelos Venizelos
Preceded byGeorge Papandreou
Succeeded byPanagiotis Pikrammenos
Further offices held
Vice-President of the European Central Bank
In office
1 June 2002 – 31 May 2010
PresidentWim Duisenberg
Jean-Claude Trichet
Preceded byChristian Noyer
Succeeded byVítor Constâncio
Governor of the Bank of Greece
In office
26 October 1994 – 31 May 2002
DeputyPanagiotis Thomopoulos
Preceded byIoannis Boutos
Succeeded byNikolaos Garganas
President of the Academy of Athens
In office
12 January 2017 – 14 January 2018
Preceded byZanasis Valtinos
Succeeded byAntonios Kounadis
Personal details
Born
Lucas Demetrios Papademos

(1947-10-11) 11 October 1947 (age 77)
Athens, Greece
Political partyIndependent
SpouseShanna Ingram
EducationMassachusetts Institute of Technology (BS, MSE, PhD)
Signature

He was professor at Columbia University, the University of Athens, and Harvard Kennedy School at Harvard University, and is a senior fellow at the Center for Financial Studies at the University of Frankfurt.[2]

Early life and education

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Papademos was born in Athens to parents who came from the town of Desfina in Phocis.[3] After graduating from Athens College in 1966, Papademos was accepted into the Massachusetts Institute of Technology, where he gained a bachelor's degree in physics in 1970, a master's degree in electrical engineering in 1972, and a doctorate in economics in 1978.

Career as an economist

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Lucas Papademos as Vice President of the European Central Bank, Michalis Sarris, Finance Minister of Cyprus and George Alogoskoufis, Finance Minister of Greece during a 2007 ECOFIN at Brussels.

In 1975, he worked with Franco Modigliani on the NAIRU concept.[4] He engaged in a career in academia, teaching economics at Columbia University from 1975 until 1984, before moving to the University of Athens in 1988.[5]

His work as an economist began in 1980, when he was appointed senior economist at the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. He joined the Bank of Greece in 1985 as its chief economist, rising to the rank of deputy governor in 1993, and finally governor in 1994. During his time as governor of the central bank, Papademos was involved in Greece's transition from the drachma to the euro as its national currency.

After leaving the Bank of Greece in 2002, Papademos became the vice president to Wim Duisenberg, and then Jean-Claude Trichet, at the European Central Bank from 2002 to 2010. In 2010 he served as an economic advisor to Greek Prime Minister George Papandreou.[6] He was previously a member of the non-governmental group Trilateral Commission.[7][8]

He is a member of the Academy of Athens.[9] He has published numerous articles in the fields of macroeconomic theory, the structure and functioning of financial markets, monetary analysis and policy, theory of chaos as well as on subjects concerning the economic performance, financial stability, financial instability and economic policy in the European Union.[10] He has also delivered addresses on the Greek debt crisis.[11]

Prime Minister of Greece (2011–2012)

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Prime Minister Papademos speaking to the Hellenic Parliament on 14 November 2011
See also: Greek government debt crisis, European sovereign debt crisis § Greece, and Sixth austerity package (Greece)

Papademos was first proposed as a potential caretaker prime minister of Greece in early November 2011, after Prime Minister George Papandreou offered to resign and allow a provisional coalition government to deal with the major political turmoil caused by the country's debt crisis.[12][13]

Lucas Papademos set two conditions upon which he would accept the offer of being prime minister of this provisional government. The first, was that the new government would not have a very restricted life span as New Democracy had demanded, and the second was that political figures from both New Democracy and the Panhellenic Socialist Movement (PASOK) would participate in the government. Both of these were initially vetoed by New Democracy, but after several days of negotiations they relented and accepted Papademos' demands. This enabled Papademos to form a government made up of PASOK and New Democracy, with the support of the far-right Popular Orthodox Rally.

After a week of political turmoil and negotiations between parties triggered by Papandreou's resignation, Papademos was installed as Prime Minister of Greece on 11 November 2011, unveiling his provisional Cabinet shortly afterwards.[14] The other two parliamentary parties, the Communist Party and the Coalition of the Radical Left (SYRIZA), had refused Papandreou's invitation to participate in the government.[15] The provisional government also marks the first time that the far-right has played a part in any Greek government since the fall of the military junta in 1974.[16]

Papademos stated that his government's primary task would be to facilitate the financial bailout from the European Union – which was provided on the condition that severe budget austerity be implemented – and to lead the country until elections could be held. Papademos also stated that his sole priority as prime minister would be to try to keep Greece within the Eurozone.[17]

In January 2012, Papademos warned that workers would have to accept substantial cuts in their income in order for a default to be avoided. He also told business and union leaders that the "troika" — the European Union, the International Monetary Fund and the ECB — was looking for Greece to take steps to open up so-called closed professions, as well as adjustments to the minimum wage, abolition of Christmas and summer vacation bonuses and automatic wage increases.[18] Papademos also declared in January that his provisional government would last until at least April, instead of February as was originally planned, so that further austerity measures could be implemented before an election.[19]

In late April 2012, Papademos announced that he would ask President Karolos Papoulias to dissolve the Hellenic Parliament, paving the way for a general election to be held on 6 May 2012. Papademos had intended to stand down shortly after this election, but it resulted in a hung parliament. Subsequently, New Democracy, PASOK, and the anti-austerity SYRIZA – which had jumped into second place – attempted to form a government, but all were unsuccessful. Emergency negotiations to attempt to avoid a return to the polls took place on 13 May, but were inconclusive. On the same day, Papademos wrote to President Papoulias to inform him that the Ministry of Finance could only afford to pay salaries until the end of June, and that the need for Greece to recapitalise her liquid assets was "urgent".[20] Negotiations in the aftermath of the election were unable to produce a government leading to a snap general election, which took place on 17 June 2012.[20] In the wake of the announcement of the election Papademos stepped down, proposing Panagiotis Pikrammenos – a judge and the President of the Council of State – to replace him as caretaker prime minister until a permanent government could be formed.[21]

Other activities

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Personal life

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As of 2011, Papademos has been married to Shanna Ingram for more than 30 years.[23] They have no children.[24] Of Dutch descent, as of 2012 she was the president of the charity group Association of Friends of Children with Cancer.[25]

Assassination attempt

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In Athens on 25 May 2017, a suspected letter bomb exploded within his car, causing non-life-threatening arm, leg and stomach injuries to Papademos. His driver sustained leg injuries in the attack and another passenger, a banking official, was also injured.[26]

References

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  1. ^ "A tale of two technocrats: paths diverge for Greece and Italy". Reuters. 2012-02-03. Retrieved 2022-02-03.
  2. ^ "Prof Lucas Papademos", Goethe University Frankfurt Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  3. ^ "Ta Nea" news-paper, online edition, 7 Nov. 2011, in Greek language.
  4. ^ Modigliani, Franco; Papademos, Lucas (1975). "Targets for Monetary Policy in the Coming Year" (PDF). Brookings Papers on Economic Activity. 1975 (1). The Brookings Institution: 141–165. doi:10.2307/2534063. JSTOR 2534063.
  5. ^ "Lucas Papademos". www.britannica.com. Retrieved 2022-07-18.
  6. ^ "Lucas Papademos: profile". London: The Telegraph. 3 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
  7. ^ Trilateral Commission Website, European Group Members
  8. ^ Trilateral Commission Website, European Group Members-Update December 2011
  9. ^ "Harvard Kennedy School". Harvard Kennedy School. Archived from the original on 18 April 2011. Retrieved 6 November 2011.
  10. ^ "Lucas Papademas". Eurofi (www.eurofi.net). Archived from the original on 25 April 2012. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
  11. ^ "Video: The European Economic Crisis Seminar Series: The Case of Greece – Keynote". Center for Strategic and International Studies. 11 April 2011. Archived from the original on 8 November 2011. Retrieved 7 November 2011.
  12. ^ "Lucas Papademos named as new Greek prime minister". BBC. 10 November 2011. Retrieved 10 November 2011.
  13. ^ Smith, Helena (10 November 2011). "Lucas Papademos to lead Greece's interim coalition government". Guardian (UK). London. Retrieved 10 November 2011.
  14. ^ "Papademos sworn in, heads Greek cabinet of stalwarts". Reuters. Archived from the original on November 11, 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  15. ^ "Political opposition divided over unity government". e.kathemerini.com. 7 November 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  16. ^ "Papademos sworn in to lead party-packed Greek cabinet". Reuters. 11 November 2011. Archived from the original on November 27, 2018. Retrieved 12 November 2011.
  17. ^ "Greece swears in unity cabinet and PM Lucas Papademos". BBC. 11 November 2011. Retrieved 11 November 2011.
  18. ^ Petrakis, Maria; Weeks, Natalie (5 January 2012). "Papademos Warns Fellow Greeks Economic Collapse Looms Without Sacrifice". Bloomberg.
  19. ^ "Greek elections delayed until April". 28 December 2011. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
  20. ^ a b "Greek president calls for technocrat government". Archived from the original on May 24, 2012. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
  21. ^ "Greece to hold new election on 17 June". BBC News. 16 May 2012.
  22. ^ Membership Trilateral Commission.
  23. ^ "Vrouw van nieuwe premier Griekenland is Nederlandse" (in Dutch). Volkskrant. 11 November 2011. Retrieved 18 November 2011.
  24. ^ Sana Ingram – the Dutch artist behind the success of Lucas Papademos, 11 November 2011.
  25. ^ "Visit by Mrs. Shanna Ingram-Papademos to the Children's Oncology Unit". www.elpida.org. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
  26. ^ "Blast in car injures Greek ex-PM". BBC. 25 May 2017. Retrieved 25 May 2017.
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Government offices
Preceded by Governor of the Bank of Greece
1994–2002 		Succeeded by
Preceded by Vice-President of the European Central Bank
2002–2010 		Succeeded by
Political offices
Preceded by Prime Minister of Greece
2011–2012 		Succeeded by
Academic offices
Preceded by President of the Academy of Athens
2017–2018 		Succeeded by
Order of precedence
Preceded byas Former Prime Minister Order of precedence of Greece
Former Prime Minister 		Succeeded byas Former Prime Minister
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